Hindustan Unilever Interview Questions, Process, and Tips for Freshers

Types of pumps include centrifugal pumps, reciprocating pumps, and rotary pumps.

• Centrifugal pumps use centrifugal force to move fluid through a rotating impeller.

• Reciprocating pumps use a piston or diaphragm to create pressure and move fluid.

• Rotary pumps use rotating mechanisms to transfer fluid, such as gear pumps and vane pumps.

NPSH stands for Net Positive Suction Head. It is a measure of the pressure available at the suction side of a pump to prevent cavitation.

• NPSH is important in determining if a pump will operate properly without cavitation.

• It is calculated by subtracting the vapor pressure of the fluid from the total suction head.

• A low NPSH value can lead to cavitation, which can damage the pump and decrease its efficiency.

• NPSH is typica...read more

Specific gravity of shampoo can be determined by comparing its density to the density of water.

• Specific gravity is the ratio of the density of a substance to the density of a reference substance.

• To determine shampoo specific gravity, measure the density of the shampoo and compare it to the density of water.

• Density can be measured using a hydrometer or a density meter.

• Specific gravity can also be calculated by dividing ...read more

The BCG matrix is a strategic planning tool used to analyze a company's portfolio of products or business units.

• Developed by the Boston Consulting Group (BCG)

• It categorizes products/business units into four quadrants based on market growth rate and market share

• Quadrants: Stars, Cash Cows, Question Marks, and Dogs

• Helps in resource allocation and strategic decision-making

• Example: Apple's iPhone as a Star, iPod as a Cash ...read more

Market segmentation is the process of dividing a broad target market into smaller, more specific groups based on common characteristics.

• Market segmentation helps businesses identify and target specific customer groups.

• It involves analyzing factors such as demographics, psychographics, and behavior to create segments.

• Segments can be based on age, gender, income, interests, location, etc.

• By understanding the needs and pr...read more

Vapour compression refrigeration cycle is a process used in refrigeration systems to remove heat from a space and maintain a cool temperature.

• Vapour compression refrigeration cycle is based on the principle of phase change of a refrigerant.

• The cycle consists of four main components: compressor, condenser, expansion valve, and evaporator.

• The refrigerant enters the compressor as a low-pressure vapor and is compressed to ...read more

The differential is a device that allows the wheels of a vehicle to rotate at different speeds while maintaining traction.

• The differential is located in the center of the axle and is connected to the drive shaft.

• It consists of a set of gears that distribute power from the engine to the wheels.

• The main function of the differential is to allow the wheels to rotate at different speeds, especially when turning.

• When a vehic...read more

The propeller shaft is a component in an automobile that transmits power from the transmission to the differential.

• It is a long, cylindrical shaft made of steel or aluminum.

• It connects the transmission output shaft to the differential input shaft.

• It allows the power generated by the engine to be transferred to the wheels.

• It is commonly used in rear-wheel drive vehicles.

• In four-wheel drive vehicles, there are usually tw...read more

The number of joints in a propeller shaft depends on the design and type of the shaft.

• The number of joints can vary depending on the length and complexity of the propeller shaft.

• A typical propeller shaft may have one or two joints.

• Some propeller shafts may have more joints if they are designed for flexibility or to accommodate changes in length.

• The joints in a propeller shaft are usually universal joints or constant ve...read more

Universal joints are mechanical devices used to connect two shafts that are not in line with each other.

• Universal joints are also known as U-joints or Cardan joints.

• They are commonly used in automotive applications to transmit power from the engine to the wheels.

• Universal joints allow for the transmission of rotational motion at different angles and speeds.

• They consist of a cross-shaped component with needle bearings a...read more

The gears used in a differential are bevel gears and pinion gears.

• Bevel gears are used to transfer power from the drive shaft to the differential housing.

• Pinion gears are used to transfer power from the differential housing to the axle shafts.

• The bevel gears and pinion gears work together to allow the wheels to rotate at different speeds while maintaining power distribution.

• The bevel gears are typically spiral bevel ge...read more

The boiling point of a substance decreases with decreasing pressure in a vacuum.

• Boiling point is the temperature at which a substance changes from a liquid to a gas.

• In a vacuum, the pressure is significantly lower than atmospheric pressure.

• Lower pressure in a vacuum reduces the intermolecular forces holding the substance together.

• As a result, less energy is required to overcome these forces and the boiling point decrea...read more

One tonnage of refrigeration is equal to approximately 3.5169 kilowatts (KW).

• One ton of refrigeration is the amount of heat required to melt one ton (2000 pounds) of ice in 24 hours.

• It is a unit used to measure the cooling capacity of refrigeration systems.

• The conversion factor from tonnage of refrigeration to KW is approximately 3.5169.

• To convert tonnage of refrigeration to KW, multiply the tonnage by 3.5169.

There are several types of heat exchangers, including shell and tube, plate, and finned tube heat exchangers.

• Shell and tube heat exchangers consist of a shell with multiple tubes inside, allowing for efficient heat transfer.

• Plate heat exchangers use a series of plates to separate the hot and cold fluids, maximizing heat transfer surface area.

• Finned tube heat exchangers have fins attached to the tubes, increasing the he...read more

There are 2.54 centimeters in one inch.

• 1 inch is equal to 2.54 centimeters.

• The conversion factor between inches and centimeters is 2.54.

• To convert inches to centimeters, multiply the number of inches by 2.54.

• To convert centimeters to inches, divide the number of centimeters by 2.54.

PID control system is used to regulate flow rate and temperature of milk in the factory.

• PID control system stands for Proportional-Integral-Derivative control system.

• It continuously monitors and adjusts the flow rate and temperature of milk.

• Proportional control component adjusts the control output based on the error between desired and actual values.

• Integral control component eliminates steady-state errors by integrati...read more

SI and CI engines are different types of internal combustion engines.

• SI stands for Spark Ignition and CI stands for Compression Ignition.

• SI engines use a spark plug to ignite the fuel-air mixture, while CI engines rely on compression to ignite the fuel.

• SI engines are commonly used in gasoline-powered vehicles, while CI engines are used in diesel-powered vehicles.

• SI engines generally have higher power output and better ...read more

Bearing material is chosen based on factors like load capacity, speed, lubrication, and environmental conditions.

• Bearing materials should have high strength and hardness to withstand heavy loads.

• Materials like steel, bronze, and ceramic are commonly used for bearings.

• Steel bearings are suitable for high-speed applications and can handle heavy loads.

• Bronze bearings are self-lubricating and resistant to corrosion.

• Ceramic...read more