Tech Mahindra Sr.QA Interview Questions and Answers

Migrating an existing automation framework to Cucumber involves integrating Cucumber features, step definitions, and hooks into the existing framework.

• Identify the existing test cases and convert them into Cucumber feature files

• Create step definitions for each step in the feature files

• Integrate Cucumber hooks for setup and teardown actions

• Update the automation framework to execute Cucumber tests

• Run and validate the con

I handle SQL Exceptions by catching them in try-catch blocks and logging the error details.

• Catch SQL Exceptions in try-catch blocks

• Log the error details for troubleshooting

• Handle exceptions gracefully to prevent application crashes

Absolute Xpath starts from the root element, while relative Xpath starts from any node in the DOM structure.

• Absolute Xpath starts with a single forward slash (/) and starts selection from the root node.

• Relative Xpath starts with a double forward slash (//) and starts selection from the current node or any node in the DOM structure.

• Absolute Xpath is more brittle and prone to breaking if the structure of the page changes...read more

The return would be the number of tabs open in the browser.

• The return value would be an integer representing the count of open tabs.

• For example, if there are 5 tabs open, the return value would be 5.

Types of waits in Selenium include Implicit Wait, Explicit Wait, and Fluent Wait.

• Implicit Wait: Waits for a certain amount of time before throwing a NoSuchElementException.

• Explicit Wait: Waits for a certain condition to occur before proceeding further in the code.

• Fluent Wait: Waits for a condition to be true with a defined polling frequency.

• Example: driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);

Exceptions in Selenium are errors that occur during test execution, disrupting the flow of the test script.

• Exceptions are thrown when there is an unexpected behavior in the application under test or in the test script itself.

• Common exceptions in Selenium include NoSuchElementException, ElementNotVisibleException, TimeoutException, and StaleElementReferenceException.

• Handling exceptions in Selenium can be done using try-...read more

Feature files contain high-level description of the functionality to be tested, while step definitions are the implementation of the steps in the feature file using code.

• Feature files are written in Gherkin syntax and describe the behavior of the application in plain text.

• Step definitions are written in programming languages like Java, Ruby, etc., and map the steps in the feature file to automation code.

• Feature files a...read more

Data can be input in Cucumber using feature files and step definitions.

• Data can be input in feature files using scenarios and scenario outlines

• Step definitions can be used to define the actions to be taken with the input data

• Data tables can be used in feature files to input structured data

• Examples keyword can be used in scenario outlines to provide multiple sets of input data

Test case is a set of conditions or variables under which a tester will determine whether a system under test satisfies requirements. Test plan is a document outlining the scope, approach, resources, and schedule of testing activities. Test scenarios are detailed descriptions of possible interactions with the system.

• Test case: specific conditions to be tested, expected results, steps to execute

• Test plan: overall strate...read more

Hooks in Java are methods that allow subclasses to override or extend the behavior of a superclass.

• Hooks are commonly used in frameworks like JUnit and TestNG for test automation.

• They are often used for setup and teardown operations before and after test methods.

• Examples include @Before, @After, @BeforeClass, and @AfterClass annotations in JUnit.

A Java program to count the occurrences of the letter 'l' in the string 'Hello world'.

• Create a Java program with a main method.

• Initialize a String variable with the value 'Hello world'.

• Use a loop to iterate through each character in the string and count the occurrences of the letter 'l'.

• Print the count of 'l' at the end.

Reverse the characters of each word in a given string

• Split the input string into an array of words

• Reverse each word in the array

• Join the reversed words back into a single string

Comparator is an interface used to sort objects, while Comparable is an interface used to compare objects for natural ordering.

• Comparator is used to define custom sorting logic for objects, while Comparable is used for natural ordering based on the class's implementation of compareTo() method.

• Comparator can be used to sort objects of different classes, while Comparable is implemented within the class itself.

• Example: So...read more

Lambda expression is a concise way to represent an anonymous function in programming languages.

• Lambda expressions are used to create small, inline functions without a formal definition.

• They are commonly used in functional programming languages like Python, Java, and C#.

• Lambda expressions can be used to simplify code and make it more readable.

• Example: (x, y) -> x + y is a lambda expression that takes two parameters a

Constructor chaining is the process of calling one constructor from another constructor in a class.

• Allows reusing code and avoiding duplication

• Can be achieved using 'this' keyword in the constructor

• Helps in initializing objects with different parameters

Handle notifications in mobile automation by using automation tools to interact with notifications, verify content, dismiss or respond to them.

• Use automation tools like Appium or Espresso to interact with notifications

• Verify the content of notifications by extracting text or images

• Dismiss notifications to continue with test execution

• Respond to notifications if required for test scenarios

• Handle different types of notifi...read more

Use platform-specific locators or conditional statements to handle different element xpaths in iOS and Android apps.

• Use platform-specific locators like accessibility id for iOS and resource id for Android

• Implement conditional statements to switch between different xpaths based on the platform

• Utilize Appium's platformName capability to identify the platform and adjust the element xpath accordingly

TestNG annotations include @Test, @BeforeMethod, @AfterMethod, @BeforeClass, @AfterClass, @BeforeSuite, @AfterSuite

• @Test - denotes a test method

• @BeforeMethod - runs before each test method

• @AfterMethod - runs after each test method

• @BeforeClass - runs before the first test method in the current class

• @AfterClass - runs after the last test method in the current class

• @BeforeSuite - runs before all tests in the suite

• @AfterSu

pom.xml is a configuration file used in Maven projects to define project settings and dependencies.

• pom.xml stands for Project Object Model XML

• It is used in Maven projects to manage project configuration, build settings, and dependencies

• Dependencies are mentioned inside the <dependencies> tag in pom.xml

• Each dependency is specified with <groupId>, <artifactId>, and <version>

A constructor is a special type of method in a class that is automatically called when an object of that class is created.

• Constructors have the same name as the class they belong to

• They are used to initialize the object's state or perform any necessary setup

• Constructors can have parameters to customize the initialization process

• Example: public class Car { public Car(String color) { this.color = color; } }

Yes, a static method can be overridden in Java using the concept of method hiding.

• In Java, static methods cannot be overridden in the traditional sense like instance methods.

• When a subclass defines a static method with the same signature as a static method in the superclass, it is called method hiding.

• Method hiding does not follow polymorphism and is resolved at compile time based on the reference type.

• Example: class...read more

Yes, a static local variable can be created inside a static method.

• Yes, a static local variable can be declared inside a static method in programming languages like C++.

• Static local variables retain their values between function calls.

• Example: static void myStaticMethod() { static int count = 0; count++; }

String memory allocation is dynamic and depends on the length of the string.

• String memory allocation is dynamic and can change based on the length of the string.

• In Java, a String object is stored in the heap memory.

• Each character in a String typically takes up 2 bytes of memory.

• String objects in Java are immutable, meaning once a String object is created, it cannot be changed.

Yes, you can create a static method inside an abstract class or interface.

• Static methods can be defined in interfaces since Java 8.

• Static methods in interfaces are used for providing utility methods that are not tied to any specific instance of the interface.

• Static methods in abstract classes can be used for common functionality that does not require an instance of the class.

The parent class of Java is the Object class.

• All classes in Java are directly or indirectly derived from the Object class.

• The Object class is the root class in Java's class hierarchy.

• It provides methods that are common to all objects in Java, such as toString(), equals(), and hashCode().

Window Handles in Selenium are unique identifiers used to handle multiple browser windows in a Selenium test script.

• Window Handles are unique alphanumeric strings assigned to each browser window opened by Selenium.

• They are used to switch between different browser windows during a test script execution.

• Window Handles can be obtained using getWindowHandles() method in Selenium.

• Example: Set handles = driver.getWindowHandl