500+ Senior Test Engineer Interview Questions and Answers

Defects found in production should be immediately reported and a plan should be made to fix the issue.

• Report the defect to the development team and stakeholders

• Analyze the impact of the defect on the system and users

• Prioritize the defect based on severity and impact

• Create a plan to fix the defect and test the fix thoroughly

• Deploy the fix to production after testing

• Monitor the system to ensure the defect has been resolved

Answering questions related to Selenium automation framework and its components.

• Implemented Page Object Model (POM) framework with TestNG and Maven

• POM components: Page classes, Test classes, Utility classes, Test data files

• Dynamic web element handled using Explicit and Implicit Waits

• Hidden element handled using JavaScriptExecutor

• File upload handled using sendKeys() method

• HashMap used to store test data and retrieve it in test methods

• Screenshots taken using TakesScreenshot int...read more

Incremental load is performed by identifying new data and adding it to the existing data set.

• Identify new data based on a timestamp or unique identifier

• Extract new data from source system

• Transform and map new data to match existing data set

• Load new data into target system

• Verify data integrity and consistency

Regression is testing to ensure changes do not affect existing functionality. Retesting is testing to ensure defects have been fixed.

• Regression testing is done to ensure that changes made to the software do not affect the existing functionality.

• Retesting is done to ensure that defects found during testing have been fixed.

• Regression testing is done after every change to the software.

• Retesting is done after a defect has been fixed.

• Regression testing is automated to save time an...read more

CHAR is fixed length while VARCHAR2 is variable length in SQL.

• CHAR stores fixed length strings, padding with spaces if necessary.

• VARCHAR2 stores variable length strings, only using the necessary space.

• CHAR is faster for fixed length data, while VARCHAR2 is more flexible and efficient for variable length data.

STLC is a systematic process for testing software applications from planning to closure.

• STLC involves planning, designing, executing, and reporting on tests.

• Phases include requirement analysis, test planning, test design, test execution, and closure.

• Each phase has specific deliverables and goals to ensure quality software.

• Example: In requirement analysis, testers review requirements to identify testable features.

JUnit annotations like @Before, @Test, @After are commonly used with Selenium for test automation.

• Annotations like @Before are used to set up preconditions before each test method

• Annotations like @Test are used to mark a method as a test method

• Annotations like @After are used to clean up after each test method

A join is a SQL operation that combines rows from two or more tables based on a related column between them.

• Types of joins include inner join, left join, right join, and full outer join.

• Inner join returns only the matching rows from both tables.

• Left join returns all rows from the left table and matching rows from the right table.

• Right join returns all rows from the right table and matching rows from the left table.

• Full outer join returns all rows from both tables, with NULL v...read more

Best practices in test automation include proper planning, selecting the right tools, maintaining test scripts, and continuous integration.

• Proper planning before starting test automation to define goals, scope, and strategy.

• Selecting the right tools based on project requirements and team expertise.

• Maintaining test scripts regularly to keep them up-to-date and relevant.

• Implementing continuous integration to automate the build and test process.

• Using version control for test scr...read more

Manual testing is done by humans executing test cases without automation tools, while automated testing is done using scripts and tools.

• Manual testing requires human intervention to execute test cases, while automated testing uses scripts and tools to run tests.

• Manual testing is time-consuming and prone to human error, while automated testing is faster and more reliable.

• Manual testing is suitable for exploratory testing and ad-hoc testing, while automated testing is ideal for...read more

I would escalate the issue to higher management and explain the risks associated with signing off on a faulty feature.

• Explain the potential impact of releasing a feature with known bugs on customer satisfaction and company reputation.

• Provide data and evidence from testing to support your concerns.

• Propose alternative solutions such as delaying the release until the issues are fixed or allocating more resources to address the bugs.

• Highlight the importance of maintaining quality...read more

You can run a selected test from a group of tests in Cucumber by using tags.

• Add tags to the scenarios you want to run

• Use the --tags option when running Cucumber to specify which tags to include/exclude

• Example: cucumber --tags @smokeTest

Abstract class can have both abstract and non-abstract methods, while interface can only have abstract methods.

• Abstract class can have constructors, fields, and methods, while interface cannot have any implementation.

• A class can only extend one abstract class, but can implement multiple interfaces.

• Abstract classes are used to define common behavior among subclasses, while interfaces are used to define a contract for classes to implement.

• Example: Abstract class 'Shape' with ab...read more

Selenium is a popular testing tool for web applications due to its flexibility, compatibility with multiple browsers, and robust features.

• Selenium supports multiple programming languages such as Java, Python, and C#, making it versatile for different teams and projects.

• It is compatible with various browsers like Chrome, Firefox, and Safari, ensuring comprehensive test coverage.

• Selenium offers a wide range of features for automated testing, including record and playback functi...read more

Answering questions related to Selenium and Java for Senior Test Engineer position.

• findelement returns the first matching element on the page while find elements returns a list of all matching elements

• Some exceptions in Java and Selenium are NullPointerException, NoSuchElementException, TimeoutException, ElementNotVisibleException

• Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) concepts include inheritance, encapsulation, abstraction, and polymorphism

BGP confederation is a method to reduce the number of iBGP peers. BGP state machines are used to maintain BGP sessions. NSSA is a type of OSPF area. AS-PATH in BGP confederation is modified.

• BGP confederation is used to split a large AS into smaller sub-ASes to reduce the number of iBGP peers.

• BGP state machines are used to maintain BGP sessions and exchange routing information.

• NSSA (Not-So-Stubby Area) is a type of OSPF area that allows external routes to be imported into the ...read more

Regression testing is performed to ensure that changes or updates to a software application do not introduce new defects or impact existing functionality.

• Regression testing is done after making changes to the software application.

• It helps in identifying any unintended side effects of the changes.

• It ensures that previously working features are not broken due to the changes.

• Regression testing is typically performed during the testing phase of the software development lifecycle....read more

An Array is a fixed-size collection of elements of the same type, while an ArrayList is a dynamic collection that can grow or shrink in size.

• Arrays are fixed in size, while ArrayLists can dynamically resize.

• Arrays can only store elements of the same type, while ArrayLists can store elements of different types.

• Arrays are faster for accessing elements, while ArrayLists are slower due to boxing and unboxing.

• Arrays are strongly typed, while ArrayLists are not and require casting ...read more

Fact table contains quantitative data while dimension table contains descriptive data.

• Fact table stores data related to business processes and events

• Dimension table stores descriptive information about the data in the fact table

• Fact table is usually larger than dimension table

• Fact table is connected to dimension table through foreign keys

• Example: Sales fact table and product dimension table

Prioritize critical tests, communicate with stakeholders, and document findings for future cycles.

• Assess the criticality of the untested features and prioritize them based on risk.

• Communicate with the project manager and stakeholders about the incomplete tests and their implications.

• Document the tests that were not completed, including reasons and potential impacts on the release.

• If possible, run smoke tests to ensure the most critical functionalities are working.

• Plan for a f...read more

BDD is a software development process that encourages collaboration between developers, QA, and non-technical stakeholders.

• BDD focuses on defining the behavior of a system through examples in plain language

• Uses a common language (like Gherkin syntax) to create executable specifications

• Tests are written in a way that they can be easily understood by non-technical team members

• Promotes communication and collaboration among team members to ensure everyone has a shared understandi...read more

TestNg is a testing framework used to run failed test cases and manage test suites.

• TestNg allows rerunning of failed test cases using the 'rerun-failed.xml' file.

• It provides annotations to manage test execution flow and grouping of test cases.

• TestNg generates detailed test reports and supports parallel test execution.

• It also provides data-driven testing and integration with other tools like Selenium and JUnit.

Dealing with dynamic drop down in Selenium/Appium

• Identify the parent element of the drop down

• Use findElements() method to get all the child elements

• Iterate through the child elements and select the desired option

• Use wait() method to handle dynamic loading of options

• Use Select class for handling drop downs with select tag

• For non-select tag drop downs, use click() method to open the drop down and select the option

Test case for integration scenario of API testing with main status codes in responses

• Test case: Verify that the API response includes the expected data fields and values after integrating with another API

• Main status codes: 200 (OK), 201 (Created), 400 (Bad Request), 401 (Unauthorized), 404 (Not Found), 500 (Internal Server Error)

I have used Java Collections such as ArrayList, HashMap, and HashSet in my project.

• ArrayList: Used to store and manipulate a list of elements.

• HashMap: Used to store key-value pairs for efficient retrieval.

• HashSet: Used to store unique elements without duplicates.

Query to find salary more than 10000 and dept belongs to finance

• Use SELECT statement with WHERE clause

• Specify salary greater than 10000 and department as finance

• Use AND operator to combine conditions

OOP is a programming paradigm based on the concept of objects, which can contain data and code to manipulate that data.

• Encapsulation: bundling data and methods that operate on the data into a single unit (object)

• Inheritance: allows a class to inherit properties and behavior from another class

• Polymorphism: ability for objects to be treated as instances of their parent class or their own class

• Abstraction: hiding the complex implementation details and showing only the necessary ...read more