1500+ Senior Engineer Interview Questions and Answers

M stands for mix design of concrete and the number after it represents the compressive strength of concrete after 28 days of curing.

• M represents mix design of concrete

• Number after M represents compressive strength after 28 days of curing

• Higher the number, higher the strength of concrete

• M20 - 20 N/mm², M25 - 25 N/mm², M30 - 30 N/mm²

Program to find the number whose occurrence is greater than N/2 in an array of integers.

• Take two inputs, one integer N and an array of integers.

• Loop through the array and count the occurrence of each number.

• Return the number whose occurrence is greater than N/2.

• If no such number found, return '-1'.

Quality assurance is the process of ensuring that a product or service meets the desired level of quality.

• Quality assurance involves the creation and implementation of processes and procedures to ensure that a product or service meets the desired level of quality.

• Quality control involves the inspection and testing of a product or service to ensure that it meets the desired level of quality.

• Quality assurance is a proactive process that focuses on preventing defects from occurr...read more

Yes, it is possible to work with multiple threads in core data.

• Use NSManagedObjectContextConcurrencyType to specify concurrency type

• Create a separate managed object context for each thread

• Use performBlock or performBlockAndWait to execute tasks on the correct context

• Merge changes from other contexts using NSManagedObjectContextDidSaveNotification

Interview questions for Senior Engineer position on data structures and memory management.

• Write C programs to insert and delete nodes at the beginning, end, and middle of a linked list.

• Understand the differences between singly and doubly linked lists.

• Explain what segmentation fault is and how it occurs.

• Differentiate between malloc and calloc functions.

• Define memory leak and how it can be prevented.

• Understand the XOR logic and its applications in linked lists.

• Explain null and ...read more

Building foundation in black cotton soil areas requires proper soil investigation and engineering techniques.

• Conduct a thorough soil investigation to determine the properties and behavior of the black cotton soil.

• Design the foundation based on the soil investigation report, considering factors like soil bearing capacity, settlement, and potential soil movement.

• Implement appropriate foundation techniques such as deep foundations (piles or piers) to transfer the load to more st...read more

Interview questions for Senior Engineer position covering topics like TCP/UDP, inline functions, data structures, and more.

• TCP is a reliable, connection-oriented protocol while UDP is unreliable and connectionless

• Inline functions are small functions that are expanded by the compiler at the point of call

• Structures are used to group related data while unions allow different data types to share the same memory space

• Pointers are variables that store memory addresses

• C is a procedu...read more

Financial and cost control is the process of monitoring and managing project expenses to ensure they stay within budget.

• Developing a detailed budget plan

• Tracking expenses and comparing them to the budget plan

• Identifying and addressing cost overruns

• Negotiating with vendors to get the best prices

• Implementing cost-saving measures

• Regularly reporting on financial status to stakeholders

The question is unclear and lacks context.

• Please provide more information about the 'update shuttering system'.

• Specify the time frame for the updates.

• Clarify the purpose or objective of the updates.

• Provide any relevant examples or scenarios.

Technical interview questions for Senior Engineer position

• Python OS module provides a way of interacting with the operating system

• Anachron is a tool for scheduling periodic jobs

• Dynamic websites generate content on the fly while static websites serve pre-built content

• To clone a particular branch, use the git clone command followed by the branch name

• Exceptions in Ansible can be handled via the 'ignore_errors' parameter in playbook

• RPM is a package manager for Red Hat-based syste...read more

We are currently using M25 grade concrete mix at our site with a ratio of 1:1:2 (cement:fine aggregate:coarse aggregate).

• M25 grade concrete mix is being used at our site

• The ratio of the mix is 1:1:2 (cement:fine aggregate:coarse aggregate)

• For example, for 1 cubic meter of M25 concrete mix, we use 350 kg of cement, 700 kg of fine aggregate, and 1400 kg of coarse aggregate

Adding petrol in diesel engine or vice versa can cause serious damage to the engine.

• Petrol in diesel engine can cause damage to fuel pump and injectors

• Diesel in petrol engine can cause damage to spark plugs and catalytic converter

• It is important to drain the fuel tank and flush the system if wrong fuel is added

• Prevention is better than cure, always double check before refueling

IATF stands for International Automotive Task Force and its current revised name is IATF 16949:2016.

• IATF stands for International Automotive Task Force

• Its current revised name is IATF 16949:2016

To identify if a pump is cavitating while working on a DCS panel, you can look for certain indicators.

• Monitor the pump's suction pressure. If it is fluctuating or dropping below the specified range, it may indicate cavitation.

• Check the pump's discharge pressure. If it is higher than normal, it could be a sign of cavitation.

• Listen for unusual noises such as a rattling or grinding sound coming from the pump.

• Inspect the pump impeller for signs of erosion or damage, which can be ...read more

Concrete is the most important as it provides the strength and durability to the structure.

• Concrete is the backbone of any RCC structure.

• It provides the strength and durability to the structure.

• Reinforcements and formwork are important too, but without concrete, they are useless.

• Proper mix design and curing of concrete are crucial for the longevity of the structure.

Soil mechanics is the study of the behavior of soils under various conditions.

• It involves analyzing the physical properties of soil, such as density and moisture content.

• It also includes studying the mechanical properties of soil, such as shear strength and compressibility.

• Site execution involves managing the construction process on site, ensuring that the project is completed on time and within budget.

• Site supervision involves overseeing the work of contractors and ensuring ...read more

Yes, I have experience dealing with treatment plant equipment such as screens, grit, macerator, and sludge handling equipment.

• I have worked on various projects involving the installation and maintenance of treatment plant equipment.

• I am familiar with the operation and troubleshooting of screens used for removing large debris from wastewater.

• I have experience with grit removal systems that separate sand, gravel, and other heavy particles from wastewater.

• I have worked with mace...read more

The grade of steel used depends on the specific application and requirements.

• Different grades of steel are used for different purposes, such as construction, automotive, aerospace, etc.

• Common grades of steel include A36, A572, A514, and stainless steel grades like 304 and 316.

• The choice of grade depends on factors like strength, corrosion resistance, weldability, and cost.

• For example, high-strength low-alloy (HSLA) steels like A572 are commonly used in construction.

• Stainless ...read more

Without an air valve, the pipeline may experience air pockets, which can cause blockages, reduced flow, and damage to the pipeline.

• Air pockets can cause blockages and reduced flow in the pipeline.

• The pipeline may also experience damage due to the pressure caused by the air pockets.

• An air valve is necessary to release the air pockets and maintain the proper flow of the pipeline.

• Without an air valve, the pipeline may require frequent maintenance and repairs.

• Examples of pipeline...read more

To calculate quantities for estimations, use Bill of Quantities (BBS) for components and consider storage requirements.

• Create a Bill of Quantities (BBS) for each component, specifying the required quantities.

• Consider the storage requirements for each component, such as cement bags, aggregate piles, etc.

• Calculate the quantities based on the project specifications and design requirements.

• Take into account any wastage or additional quantities needed for contingencies.

• Example: Fo...read more

The optimal algorithm for finding common elements in two arrays is using a hash table.

• Create a hash table for one of the arrays.

• Iterate through the other array and check if each element exists in the hash table.

• If it does, add it to the result array.

• Time complexity is O(n) and space complexity is O(n).

Program to return character and their occurrence in a string.

• Iterate through the string and count the occurrence of each character.

• Store the count in a dictionary or hashmap.

• Create a new string by concatenating the character and their count.

• Return the new string.

To configure and verify custom DNS in Azure AD, follow these steps:

• Create a DNS zone in Azure DNS

• Add a custom domain to Azure AD

• Create a CNAME record in the DNS zone that points to the Azure AD domain

• Verify the custom domain in Azure AD

• Update the DNS registrar to use the Azure DNS name servers

• Test the custom DNS by accessing Azure AD resources using the custom domain

The properties of steel and concrete, PSC and RCC structures, execution strategy, and assisting the designer according to site conditions.

• Steel has high tensile strength and is commonly used in construction for beams, columns, and reinforcement.

• Concrete is a composite material made of cement, aggregates, and water, providing compressive strength and durability.

• PSC (Prestressed Concrete) structures use pre-tensioning or post-tensioning techniques to enhance the strength of con...read more

Memory leaks occur when a program fails to release memory after it is no longer needed.

• Examples include: forgetting to free allocated memory, circular references, and not closing file handles.

• To solve memory leaks, use tools like valgrind to detect leaks, ensure all allocated memory is freed, and avoid circular references.

• Other solutions include using smart pointers, garbage collection, and avoiding global variables.

Handling overflow condition of an array and backing up GDG versions in one step in JCL

• For overflow, check array bounds before accessing elements

• For SB37, increase primary/secondary space allocation

• For SD37, increase directory blocks

• For SE37, increase primary/secondary space allocation for PDS

• For S0C4, check for null pointers or uninitialized variables

• For S0C7, check for invalid data types or out-of-bounds array access

• To backup all GDG versions in one step, use the GDG base na...read more

The types of lacquer used on lens and housing include acrylic lacquer, polyurethane lacquer, and epoxy lacquer.

• Acrylic lacquer is commonly used on lens and housing due to its high transparency and UV resistance.

• Polyurethane lacquer provides excellent durability and chemical resistance, making it suitable for lens and housing.

• Epoxy lacquer offers superior adhesion and impact resistance, making it a preferred choice for lens and housing in harsh environments.

FMEA is a method used during development to identify and mitigate potential failures in a system or process.

• FMEA stands for Failure Mode and Effects Analysis.

• It is a systematic approach to identify and prioritize potential failures in a system or process.

• FMEA helps in understanding the potential causes and effects of failures.

• It is used to assess the severity, occurrence, and detectability of failures.

• By analyzing failure modes, FMEA helps in developing strategies to prevent ...read more

Estimation and costing involves calculating the expenses of a project. No. of bricks required in 1 m3 of brickwork depends on the size of the bricks. There are various types of contracts in construction.

• Estimation and costing involves calculating the expenses of a project, including materials, labor, and other costs.

• No. of bricks required in 1 m3 of brickwork depends on the size of the bricks used. For example, if standard size bricks are used, around 500 bricks are required ...read more

Answering technical questions related to civil engineering.

• S.G. stands for Specific Gravity and is a measure of the density of a substance compared to the density of water.

• EMB stands for Embankment and refers to a raised bank of earth or other material used to hold back water or support a roadway.

• G.S.B. stands for Granular Sub-Base and is a layer of compacted material used as a base for roads and other structures.

• W.M.M. stands for Wet Mix Macadam and is a type of road constru...read more

Rework of produced parts affects the factors of Overall Equipment Efficiency (OEE).

• Rework increases the time required to produce a part, reducing the availability factor of OEE.

• Rework increases the number of defects, reducing the quality factor of OEE.

• Rework increases the amount of scrap or waste, reducing the performance factor of OEE.

• Rework can lead to increased downtime for equipment setup and adjustments, reducing the availability factor of OEE.

• Rework can result in additi...read more

The percentage of bitumen in DBM varies depending on the specific mix design and project requirements.

• DBM stands for Dense Bituminous Macadam, which is a type of road construction material.

• The percentage of bitumen in DBM typically ranges from 4% to 6% by weight.

• The exact percentage of bitumen is determined based on factors such as traffic load, climate conditions, and desired durability.

• Higher percentages of bitumen are used in areas with heavy traffic or extreme weather con...read more

Supply chain management is required for an organization to ensure efficient flow of goods and services, reduce costs, mitigate risks, and enhance customer satisfaction.

• Efficient flow of goods and services: Supply chain management helps in streamlining the movement of raw materials, components, and finished products, ensuring timely delivery to customers.

• Cost reduction: Effective supply chain management can help in optimizing inventory levels, minimizing transportation costs, ...read more

I have experience in software development using Java and Python.

• Proficient in Java and Python programming languages

• Experience in developing web applications using Spring framework

• Familiarity with database management systems like MySQL and MongoDB

• Knowledge of software development methodologies like Agile and Scrum

Detection can be worked upon to reduce RPN in PFMEA.

• Detection can be improved by implementing additional quality checks or inspections.

• Training employees on proper detection methods can help reduce RPN.

• Using more advanced technology for detection can also lower RPN.

• For example, in a manufacturing process, implementing automated inspection systems can improve detection and reduce RPN.

Microflow is a flow with a rate of 1-1000 µL/min while nano flow is a flow with a rate of 1-1000 nL/min.

• Microflow is used in HPLC and capillary electrophoresis while nano flow is used in nano-LC and proteomics.

• Microflow requires larger sample volumes while nano flow requires smaller sample volumes.

• Microflow has lower sensitivity compared to nano flow.

The questions asked in the interview are related to technical specifications of engines and machinery.

• The play in the crankshaft of an engine refers to the amount of movement or clearance between the crankshaft and other engine components.

• The number of cylinders in a loader determines its power and performance.

• The new service schedule of the cat grader 120k2 refers to the recommended maintenance intervals and tasks for that specific model.

Grade of concrete mixing ratio varies from M5 to M30 depending on the strength required for the construction.

• M5 - 1:5:10 (Cement:Sand:Aggregate)

• M10 - 1:3:6

• M15 - 1:2:4

• M20 - 1:1.5:3

• M25 - 1:1:2

• M30 - 1:0.75:1.5

A program to convert a variable name from snake_case to camelCase and vice-versa.

• Split the input string by underscore (_) to get an array of words.

• For snake_case to camelCase conversion, capitalize the first letter of each word except the first one.

• For camelCase to snake_case conversion, insert an underscore (_) before each capital letter except the first one.

• Join the array of words with the appropriate delimiter to get the converted variable name.

Die casting and machining defects are common in manufacturing processes.

• Die casting defects include porosity, shrinkage, cold shuts, and flash.

• Machining defects include burrs, chatter marks, and tool marks.

• Die casting defects can be caused by improper temperature, pressure, or metal flow.

• Machining defects can be caused by dull tools, improper speeds and feeds, or poor fixturing.

• Defects can lead to part failure, reduced quality, and increased costs.

FreeRTOS uses priority-based preemptive scheduling with round-robin time slicing.

• Tasks are assigned priorities and the scheduler always runs the highest priority task that is ready to run.

• Preemption occurs when a higher priority task becomes ready to run.

• Round-robin time slicing ensures that tasks with the same priority get equal CPU time.

• FreeRTOS also supports co-operative scheduling where tasks yield control to other tasks voluntarily.

• The scheduler is implemented as a part ...read more

To prepare a hydrocarbon vessel for vessel entry, follow these steps:

• Ensure the vessel is properly isolated from the process and all sources of energy

• Ventilate the vessel to remove any flammable or toxic gases

• Perform a thorough inspection of the vessel for any signs of leaks or damage

• Implement proper lockout/tagout procedures to prevent accidental activation of equipment

• Provide appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) for the workers entering the vessel

• Establish a comm...read more

If a supplier is not responding to complaints, I would take the following steps:

• First, I would try to contact the supplier through multiple channels such as phone, email, and in-person visits.

• If the supplier still does not respond, I would escalate the issue to their higher management or a designated contact person.

• I would document all the complaints and communication attempts for future reference.

• If the lack of response continues, I would explore alternative suppliers and in...read more

The execution of an elevated viaduct involves various tasks such as pile foundation, pier construction, post-tensioning girders, and bridge structures.

• Tasks include pile foundation construction for the viaduct, pier construction for support, post-tensioning of girders for strength, and bridge structure assembly.

• Activities also involve conducting load tests, NDT tests, deflection tests, and steel reconciliation for quality assurance.

• Maintaining site activity includes preparing...read more

Bit arbitration is a process of resolving conflicts when multiple nodes try to transmit data simultaneously. Bit stuffing is a technique used to ensure data integrity.

• Bit arbitration is used in CAN to determine which message has the highest priority and should be transmitted first.

• During bit stuffing, a '0' is inserted after every five consecutive '1's in the data to avoid confusion with the frame delimiter.

• Bit stuffing ensures that the receiver can distinguish between the ac...read more

To search a string from a ps file, use the grep command with the string and file name as arguments.

• Open the ps file in a text editor or use the command line to navigate to the file location.

• Use the grep command followed by the string you want to search and the file name as arguments.

• If the string is found, the command will return the line(s) containing the string.

• If the string is not found, the command will return nothing.

• You can also use regular expressions with the grep com...read more

I analyze logs, monitor system resources, and use profiling tools to identify and resolve performance issues.

• Analyze logs to identify potential bottlenecks

• Monitor system resources such as CPU, memory, and disk usage

• Use profiling tools to identify slow code and optimize it

• Identify and eliminate unnecessary database queries

• Optimize network communication

• Implement caching mechanisms

• Conduct load testing to identify performance issues under heavy load