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Updated 21 Feb 2025

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Q1. Nth Prime Number Problem Statement

Find the Nth prime number given a number N.

Explanation:

A prime number is greater than 1 and is not the product of two smaller natural numbers. A prime number has exactly two...read more

Ans.

The task is to find the Nth prime number given a number N.

  • A prime number is a number greater than 1 that is not a product of two smaller natural numbers.

  • Prime numbers have only two factors - 1 and the number itself.

  • Start with a counter at 0 and a number at 2.

  • Increment the number by 1 and check if it is prime.

  • If it is prime, increment the counter.

  • Repeat until the counter reaches N.

  • Return the last prime number found.

Q2. Pascal's Triangle Construction

You are provided with an integer 'N'. Your task is to generate a 2-D list representing Pascal’s triangle up to the 'N'th row.

Pascal's triangle is a triangular array where each el...read more

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Q3. K Largest Elements Problem Statement

You are given an integer k and an array of integers that contain numbers in random order. Write a program to find the k largest numbers from the given array. You need to sav...read more

Ans.

Given an unsorted array, find the K largest elements in non-decreasing order.

  • Sort the array in non-decreasing order.

  • Return the last K elements of the sorted array.

Q4. Buy and Sell Stock Problem Statement

Imagine you are Harshad Mehta's friend, and you have been given the stock prices of a particular company for the next 'N' days. You can perform up to two buy-and-sell transa...read more

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Q5. Tell me about yourself. What technology are you using? What is a Collection? What are the different types of collection there? What is the difference between ArrayList and LinkedList What are the basic building...

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Ans.

The interview questions cover a wide range of topics including software engineering, technology, design patterns, databases, web development, and more.

  • The questions cover topics such as technology used, collections, streams, design patterns, dependency injection, microservices, database communication, annotations in Spring, React and JavaScript, Redux, API development, SOAP-based web services, Jenkins, Docker, production support, and more.

  • Some specific questions include the d...read more

Q6. Duplicate Integer in Array

Given an array ARR of size N, containing each number between 1 and N-1 at least once, identify the single integer that appears twice.

Input:

The first line contains an integer, 'T', r...read more

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Q7. MapSum Pair Implementation

Create a data structure named 'MapSum' with the ability to perform two operations and a constructor.

Explanation:

Implement the following:
  • MapSum(): Initializes the MapSum.
  • insert(...read more
Ans.

The question asks to implement a data structure called 'MapSum' with functions to initialize, insert key-value pairs, and find the sum of values with a given prefix.

  • Implement a class called 'MapSum' with a constructor to initialize the data structure.

  • Implement the 'insert' function to insert key-value pairs into the 'MapSum'. If a key is already present, replace its value with the new one.

  • Implement the 'sum' function to find the sum of values whose key has a prefix equal to t...read more

Q8. Digits Decoding Problem Statement

A few days back, Ninja encountered a string containing characters from ‘A’ to ‘Z’ which indicated a secret message. For security purposes, he encoded each character of the stri...read more

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Q9. Reverse the String Problem Statement

You are given a string STR which contains alphabets, numbers, and special characters. Your task is to reverse the string.

Example:

Input:
STR = "abcde"
Output:
"edcba"

Input...read more

Ans.

The task is to reverse a given string containing alphanumeric and special characters.

  • Iterate through the string from the last character to the first character

  • Append each character to a new string to get the reversed string

  • Return the reversed string as the output

Q10. Secret Message Decoding Problem

Ninja encountered an encoded secret message where each character from 'A' to 'Z' is mapped to a numeric value (A = 1, B = 2, ..., Z = 26). Given a numeric sequence (SEQ) derived ...read more

Q11. Excel Column Number Conversion

Given a column title as it appears in an Excel sheet, your task is to return its corresponding column number.

Example:

Input:
S = "AB"
Output:
28
Explanation:

The sequence is as f...read more

Q12. LRU Cache Design Question

Design a data structure for a Least Recently Used (LRU) cache that supports the following operations:

1. get(key) - Return the value of the key if it exists in the cache; otherwise, re...read more

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Q13. Prime Numbers within a Range

Given an integer N, determine and print all the prime numbers between 2 and N, inclusive.

Input:

Integer N

Output:

Prime numbers printed on separate lines

Example:

Input:
N = 10
Out...read more

Q14. Character Counting Challenge

Create a program that counts and prints the total number of specific character types from user input. Specifically, you need to count lowercase English alphabets, numeric digits (0-...read more

Q15. Number of Bit Flips Problem Statement

Ninja is practicing binary representations and stumbled upon an interesting problem. Given two numbers 'A' and 'B', you are required to determine how many bits need to be f...read more

Q16. Sum of Digits Problem Statement

Given an integer 'N', continue summing its digits until the result is a single-digit number. Your task is to determine the final value of 'N' after applying this operation iterat...read more

Q17. String Palindrome Verification

Given a string, your task is to determine if it is a palindrome considering only alphanumeric characters.

Input:

The input is a single string without any leading or trailing space...read more

Q18. Search In Rotated Sorted Array Problem Statement

Given a sorted array of distinct integers that has been rotated clockwise by an unknown amount, you need to search for a specified integer in the array. For each...read more

Q19. Find All Anagrams Problem Statement

Given a string STR and a non-empty string PTR, identify all the starting indices of anagrams of PTR within STR.

Explanation:

An anagram of a string is another string that can...read more

Q20. Boundary Traversal of a Binary Tree

Given a binary tree of integers, your task is to return the boundary nodes of the tree in Anti-Clockwise direction starting from the root node.

Input:

The first line contains...read more

Q21. How to apply SOLID principle and what is dependency injection and why to use it and scenarios on where to use

Ans.

SOLID principles ensure maintainable and scalable code. Dependency Injection helps in achieving loose coupling and testability.

  • SOLID principles are Single Responsibility, Open-Closed, Liskov Substitution, Interface Segregation, and Dependency Inversion

  • Dependency Injection is a design pattern that allows objects to be loosely coupled and easily testable

  • Use Dependency Injection to reduce tight coupling between classes and make them more modular

  • Use SOLID principles to ensure mai...read more

Q22. Anagram Substring Search

Given two strings 'STR' and 'PTR', identify all starting indices of 'PTR' anagram substrings in 'STR'. Two strings are anagrams if one can be rearranged to form the other.

Input:

First ...read more

Q23. LRU Cache Design Problem Statement

Design and implement a data structure for a Least Recently Used (LRU) cache that supports the following operations:

  • get(key) - Retrieve the value associated with the specifie...read more
Ans.

The question is about designing and implementing a data structure for LRU cache to support get and put operations.

  • LRU cache is a cache replacement policy that removes the least recently used item when the cache reaches its capacity.

  • The cache is initialized with a capacity and supports get(key) and put(key, value) operations.

  • For each get operation, return the value of the key if it exists in the cache, otherwise return -1.

  • For each put operation, insert the value in the cache i...read more

Q24. Nth Fibonacci Number Problem Statement

Calculate the Nth term in the Fibonacci sequence, where the sequence is defined as follows: F(n) = F(n-1) + F(n-2), with initial conditions F(1) = F(2) = 1.

Input:

The inp...read more
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Q25. Triplets with Given Sum Problem

Given an array or list ARR consisting of N integers, your task is to identify all distinct triplets within the array that sum up to a specified number K.

Explanation:

A triplet i...read more

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Q26. Anagram Pairs Verification

In this task, you need to verify if two provided strings are anagrams of each other. Two strings are considered anagrams if you can rearrange the letters of one string to form the oth...read more

Q27. Given a grid containing 0s and 1s and source row and column, in how many ways, could we reach form source to target. ( 1's represents a blockade and 0's represent accessable points)

Ans.

Count the number of ways to reach target from source in a grid with 0s and 1s.

  • Use dynamic programming to solve the problem efficiently.

  • Traverse the grid using DFS or BFS to count the number of ways.

  • Consider edge cases like when source and target are the same or when there is no path.

  • Example: Given grid = [[0,0,0],[0,1,0],[0,0,0]], source = (0,0), target = (2,2), answer is 2.

  • Example: Given grid = [[0,1],[0,0]], source = (0,0), target = (1,1), answer is 1.

Q28. K-th Largest Number in a BST

Given a binary search tree (BST) consisting of integers and containing 'N' nodes, your task is to find and return the K-th largest element in this BST.

If there is no K-th largest e...read more

Q29. Reverse Linked List in Groups of K

You are provided with a linked list containing 'N' nodes and an integer 'K'. The task is to reverse the linked list in groups of size K, which means reversing the nodes in eac...read more

Q30. Trailing Zeros in Factorial Problem

Find the number of trailing zeroes in the factorial of a given number N.

Input:

The first line contains an integer T representing the number of test cases.
Each of the followi...read more

Q31. Reverse Alternate K Nodes Problem Statement

You are given a singly linked list of integers along with a positive integer 'K'. The task is to modify the linked list by reversing every alternate 'K' nodes of the ...read more

Q32. Count Ways to Reach the N-th Stair Problem Statement

You are provided with a number of stairs, and initially, you are located at the 0th stair. You need to reach the Nth stair, and you can climb one or two step...read more

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Q33. Find Duplicates in an Array

Given an array ARR of size 'N', where each integer is in the range from 0 to N - 1, identify all elements that appear more than once.

Return the duplicate elements in any order. If n...read more

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Q34. Kth Largest Number Problem Statement

You are given a continuous stream of numbers, and the task is to determine the kth largest number at any moment during the stream.

Explanation:

A specialized data structure ...read more

Q35. Reverse String Word-Wise Problem Statement

Reverse the given string so that the last word appears first, the second last word appears second, and so on, while keeping the individual words unchanged.

Explanation...read more

Q36. Trapping Rain Water Problem Statement

Given a long type array/list ARR of size N, representing an elevation map where ARR[i] denotes the elevation of the ith bar, calculate the total amount of rainwater that ca...read more

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Q37. Write a Program Nth term in a infinite series example: 2,4,8,2,4,8……..n…….infinite

Ans.

Program to find the Nth term in an infinite series

  • The series has a repeating pattern

  • Use modulo operator to find the index of the repeating pattern

  • Calculate the value of Nth term based on the pattern

Q38. Preorder Traversal Problem Statement

You are provided with the root node of a binary tree comprising N nodes. Your objective is to output its preorder traversal. Preorder traversal of a binary tree is performed...read more

Q39. Count Inversions Problem Statement

Given an integer array ARR of size N, your task is to find the total number of inversions that exist in the array.

An inversion is defined for a pair of integers in the array ...read more

Q40. Make Unique Array Challenge

Your task is to determine the minimum number of elements that need to be removed from an array 'ARR' of size 'N' such that all the remaining elements are distinct. In simpler terms, ...read more

Q41. Maximum Non-Adjacent Subsequence Sum

Given an array of integers, determine the maximum sum of a subsequence without choosing adjacent elements in the original array.

Input:

The first line consists of an integer...read more

Q42. Number of Islands Problem Statement

You are provided with a 2-dimensional matrix having N rows and M columns, containing only 1s (land) and 0s (water). Your goal is to determine the number of islands in this ma...read more

Q43. Move Zeroes to End

Given an unsorted array of integers, rearrange the elements such that all the zeroes are moved to the end, while maintaining the order of non-zero elements.

Input:

The first line contains an ...read more

Q44. All Paths From Source Lead To Destination Problem Statement

In a directed graph with 'N' nodes numbered from 0 to N-1, determine whether every possible path starting from a given source node (SRC) eventually le...read more

Q45. Asteroid Collision Problem Description

Given an array/list ASTEROIDS representing asteroids aligned in a row, each element's absolute value identifies the asteroid's size, while its sign indicates the direction...read more

Q46. String Transformation Problem

Given a string (STR) of length N, you are tasked to create a new string through the following method:

Select the smallest character from the first K characters of STR, remove it fr...read more

Q47. Reverse String Operations Problem Statement

You are provided with a string S and an array of integers A of size M. Your task is to perform M operations on the string as specified by the indices in array A.

The ...read more

Q48. In azure data factory how would you implement the functionality of tumbling window without actually using that feature already available?

Ans.

Implementing tumbling window in Azure Data Factory without using the feature

  • Create a pipeline with a trigger that runs at the desired interval

  • Use a lookup activity to retrieve the data for the current window

  • Use a foreach activity to iterate over the retrieved data

  • Perform the required operations on the data within the foreach activity

  • Write the output to the desired destination

Q49. String is immutable but what happens if we assign another value to that string reference

Ans.

Assigning another value to a string reference creates a new string object in memory.

  • Assigning a new value to a string reference creates a new string object in memory

  • The original string object remains unchanged

  • The new value is stored in a different memory location

  • The old value may be garbage collected if there are no other references to it

Q50. What is a lambda expression in Java, and how does it relate to a functional interface?
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