100+ Test Analyst Interview Questions and Answers

Explanation of framework, OOPs concepts in framework, priority and severity, and defect lifecycle.

• Framework is a set of guidelines, coding standards, and best practices to develop software applications.

• OOPs concepts like inheritance, polymorphism, and encapsulation can be used in framework to make it more modular and reusable.

• Priority is the level of importance assigned to a defect, while severity is the impact of the defect on the system.

• Defect lifecycle includes identificat...read more

Bug life cycle refers to the stages a bug goes through from discovery to resolution.

• Bug is reported by tester

• Bug is assigned to developer

• Developer fixes the bug

• Bug is retested by tester

• Bug is closed if it passes retesting or reopened if it still exists

Selenium is a popular testing tool for web applications due to its flexibility, compatibility, and robust features.

• Selenium supports multiple programming languages like Java, Python, and C#, making it versatile for different teams and projects.

• It can automate testing across different browsers and platforms, ensuring consistent results regardless of the user's environment.

• Selenium integrates well with other testing frameworks and tools, allowing for seamless test automation wo...read more

Manual testing is done by humans, while automated testing is done using tools and scripts.

• Manual testing involves testers executing test cases manually without the use of automation tools.

• Automated testing involves using tools and scripts to automate the execution of test cases.

• Manual testing is time-consuming and prone to human errors, while automated testing is faster and more reliable.

• Manual testing is suitable for exploratory testing and ad-hoc scenarios, while automated ...read more

A test automation framework consists of different parts that work together to automate testing processes.

• Test scripts

• Test data

• Object repositories

• Driver scripts

• Reporting tools

Some best practices in test automation include proper planning, selecting the right tools, maintaining test scripts, and continuous integration.

• Proper planning before starting test automation to define objectives, scope, and strategy.

• Selecting the right tools based on project requirements and team expertise.

• Maintaining test scripts regularly to keep them up-to-date and relevant.

• Implementing continuous integration to automate the testing process and catch issues early.

Test Analyst interview questions on wait types, parsing, Maven, SQL, Python, and database connectivity and exceptions.

• Explicit wait waits for a specific condition to be met, while implicit wait waits for a certain amount of time before throwing an exception

• Stale exceptions occur when an element is no longer attached to the DOM, can be handled by refreshing the page or finding the element again

• XML parsing involves reading and interpreting XML data, while JSON parsing involves ...read more

JUnit annotations like @Before, @Test, @After are commonly used with Selenium for test automation.

• Annotations like @Before are used to set up preconditions before each test method

• Annotations like @Test are used to mark a method as a test method

• Annotations like @After are used to clean up after each test method

• Annotations like @Ignore are used to skip a test method

• Annotations like @RunWith are used to specify a custom test runner

Quality assurance ensures quality of product while quality control ensures quality of process. Bug report is a document that contains information about a defect. Defect life cycle is the process of identifying, reporting, and resolving defects.

• Quality assurance focuses on preventing defects while quality control focuses on identifying and correcting defects

• Bug report includes information such as steps to reproduce, severity, and priority

• Defect life cycle includes stages such ...read more

Automation testing is the use of tools and scripts to execute test cases, while manual testing is performed manually by human testers.

• Automation testing involves the use of automation tools and scripts to execute test cases.

• Manual testing is performed manually by human testers without the use of automation tools.

• Automation testing is faster and more efficient for repetitive tasks.

• Manual testing allows for exploratory testing and human intuition.

• Automation testing is suitable ...read more

Selenium is a tool for automating web browsers, while Cucumber is a tool for behavior-driven development.

• Selenium is used for automating web browsers to perform testing on web applications.

• Cucumber is a tool for behavior-driven development, allowing tests to be written in plain language.

• Selenium requires programming knowledge to write test scripts, while Cucumber allows tests to be written in a more user-friendly language like Gherkin.

• Selenium can be used with various program...read more

The role of a tester in software testing is to ensure the quality and functionality of the software.

• Identifying and documenting test requirements

• Creating test cases and test scenarios

• Executing test cases and reporting defects

• Performing regression testing

• Collaborating with developers and stakeholders

• Analyzing test results and providing feedback

• Participating in test planning and strategy

• Using various testing techniques and tools

• Ensuring adherence to quality standards and proces...read more

Selenium has different components like Selenium IDE, Selenium WebDriver, Selenium Grid, and Selenium RC.

• Selenium IDE is a record and playback tool for creating test scripts without coding.

• Selenium WebDriver is a powerful tool for automating web applications across different browsers.

• Selenium Grid is used for parallel testing across multiple machines and browsers.

• Selenium RC (Remote Control) is the predecessor of WebDriver and is now deprecated.

Testing a simple login page involves testing framework architecture, Java Selenium exceptions, and HTTP port numbers.

• Testing the login functionality with valid and invalid credentials

• Testing the error messages displayed for invalid credentials

• Testing the session timeout functionality

• Testing the password reset functionality

• Using a testing framework like JUnit or TestNG

• Handling exceptions like ElementNotVisibleException, NoSuchElementException, TimeoutException

• Understanding the...read more

Payment gateway testing is the process of verifying the functionality, security, and reliability of a payment gateway system.

• Testing the payment gateway integration with various payment methods

• Verifying the transaction flow from initiation to completion

• Testing the handling of different types of payment failures

• Ensuring the security of sensitive customer data

• Validating the response codes and error messages

• Testing the refund and cancellation processes

• Verifying the compatibility...read more

SQL privileges control access to database objects and operations.

• SQL privileges determine what actions a user can perform on a database object.

• Privileges include SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE, and EXECUTE.

• Privileges can be granted or revoked by the database administrator.

• Users can have different privileges on different database objects.

• For example, a user may have SELECT privilege on a table but not UPDATE privilege.

Agile testing is important for ensuring continuous feedback, adapting to changes, and delivering high-quality software.

• Allows for continuous feedback from stakeholders and end-users

• Enables teams to adapt to changing requirements and priorities

• Promotes collaboration between developers, testers, and business stakeholders

• Helps in delivering high-quality software in shorter iterations

• Encourages early and frequent testing to catch defects early on

Yes, there was a mistake that led to blame game between devops and testing team.

• Miscommunication between devops and testing team regarding deployment instructions

• Lack of clarity on testing requirements leading to missed bugs

• Pressure to meet deadlines causing rushed testing and deployment

Program to repeat characters in a string based on their position

• Iterate through each character in the input string

• Repeat each character based on its position in the string

• Concatenate the repeated characters to form the output string

Screenshots can be captured in Selenium using the getScreenshotAs method.

• Use getScreenshotAs method to capture screenshots in Selenium

• Syntax: File screenshotFile = ((TakesScreenshot)driver).getScreenshotAs(OutputType.FILE);

Negative testing is a software testing technique where inputs are intentionally provided to the system to produce errors or failures.

• Negative testing is performed to ensure that the system can handle invalid or unexpected inputs gracefully.

• It involves testing the system with invalid data, incorrect configurations, and boundary conditions.

• The goal of negative testing is to identify vulnerabilities, error handling capabilities, and system stability.

• Examples of negative testing ...read more

Regression testing is retesting of previously tested functionality, while confirmation testing is testing to ensure a defect fix.

• Regression testing is performed to ensure that changes or fixes in the software do not introduce new defects or impact existing functionality.

• Confirmation testing is performed to verify that a reported defect has been fixed and no longer exists in the software.

• Regression testing focuses on the broader scope of the system, while confirmation testing ...read more

Both have their own advantages and disadvantages depending on the use case.

• Star schema is simpler and easier to understand, but may not be suitable for complex data relationships.

• Snowflake schema is more normalized and can handle complex data relationships, but can be more difficult to understand and maintain.

• The choice between the two depends on the specific requirements of the project and the data being analyzed.

• For example, a data warehouse for a retail company may benefit...read more

Agile methodologies are an iterative approach to software development that prioritize customer satisfaction and collaboration.

• I practice Agile methodologies by working closely with the development team and stakeholders to prioritize tasks and deliverables.

• I participate in daily stand-up meetings to discuss progress and identify any roadblocks.

• I use tools like JIRA to track tasks and ensure that they are completed within the sprint timeline.

• I also prioritize testing throughout...read more

OOPs stands for Object-Oriented Programming. It is a programming paradigm based on the concept of objects.

• OOPs focuses on creating objects that contain data and methods to manipulate that data.

• Characteristics of OOPs include encapsulation, inheritance, polymorphism, and abstraction.

• Collection classes in OOPs are used to store and manipulate groups of objects, such as lists, sets, and maps.

I tested my last project by creating test cases, executing them, tracking defects in a defect tracking tool, and ensuring requirements traceability using RTM.

• Created test cases based on requirements and executed them to validate the functionality.

• Logged defects in a defect tracking tool such as Jira or Bugzilla, including detailed steps to reproduce and screenshots.

• Regularly communicated with developers to discuss and resolve defects.

• Maintained a Requirements Traceability Mat...read more

I have used Selenium, Appium and JMeter for test automation.

• Selenium for web application testing

• Appium for mobile application testing

• JMeter for performance testing

• Created test scripts using Java programming language

• Integrated with CI/CD tools like Jenkins

• Used Page Object Model design pattern for maintainability

• Implemented data-driven and keyword-driven testing

• Executed tests on multiple browsers and devices

Datatype consistency in minus query

• Datatype of selected columns should remain same for minus query

• Mismatch can cause errors or unexpected results

I have implemented data-driven, keyword-driven, and hybrid frameworks for automation testing.

• Data-driven framework: Used to separate test data from test scripts, allowing for easy maintenance and scalability.

• Keyword-driven framework: Utilizes keywords to represent actions or operations, making test scripts more readable and reusable.

• Hybrid framework: Combines elements of data-driven and keyword-driven frameworks for flexibility and efficiency.

Smoke testing, sanity testing, black box testing, and test cases are all important concepts in software testing.

• Smoke testing is a preliminary test to check if the basic functionalities of the software are working without any major issues.

• Sanity testing is a subset of regression testing and focuses on testing specific functionalities after changes have been made.

• Black box testing is a testing technique where the internal workings of the software are not known to the tester, w...read more

STLC stands for Software Testing Life Cycle.

• STLC is a systematic approach to testing software applications.

• It consists of various phases such as requirement analysis, test planning, test design, test execution, and test closure.

• Each phase has specific objectives and deliverables.

• STLC ensures that the software is thoroughly tested and meets the quality standards.

• It helps in identifying defects early in the development cycle, reducing the cost of fixing them later.

• STLC is an in...read more

Black box testing is testing without knowledge of the internal workings of the system, while white box testing is testing with knowledge of the internal workings of the system.

• Black box testing focuses on the functionality of the system.

• White box testing focuses on the internal structure of the system.

• Black box testing is often used for user acceptance testing.

• White box testing is often used for unit testing.

• Black box testing is performed without access to the source code.

• Whi...read more

1. Balanced parenthesis program - check if a string of parentheses is balanced. 2. Find no of occurrence of each character in a string.

• For balanced parenthesis program, use a stack to keep track of opening and closing parentheses.

• For finding occurrence of each character in a string, use a HashMap to store character counts.

• Example for balanced parenthesis program: Input: "((()))", Output: true

• Example for finding occurrence of each character: Input: "hello", Output: {h=1, e=1, ...read more

OOPS concepts are implemented in the framework to ensure code reusability, modularity, and maintainability.

• Encapsulation: Data hiding and restricting access to certain data members

• Inheritance: Reusing code and extending functionality from parent classes

• Polymorphism: Ability to perform different actions based on the object type

• Abstraction: Hiding complex implementation details and showing only necessary features

QA artifacts are documents or deliverables that are created during the QA process to support testing activities.

• QA artifacts include test plans, test cases, test scripts, test data, and test reports.

• These artifacts help in organizing and documenting the testing process.

• They provide a reference for test execution, tracking defects, and reporting test results.

• Examples of QA artifacts are test plans that outline the testing approach, test cases that describe the steps to be exec...read more

Program to count occurrences of specific character in a String

• Iterate through each character in the string

• Check if the character matches the specific character

• Increment a counter if there is a match

Program to get sum of all digits from a string

• Iterate through each character in the string

• Check if the character is a digit using Character.isDigit() method

• If it is a digit, convert it to integer and add it to a running sum

Use Selenium logic to close all windows except one.

• Get all window handles using driver.getWindowHandles()

• Iterate through each window handle and close it except for the desired window

• Switch to the desired window using driver.switchTo().window()

Testing is the process of evaluating a system or component to ensure it meets specified requirements.

• Testing helps identify defects or errors in software or systems.

• It ensures that the software or system functions as intended.

• Testing helps improve the quality and reliability of the software or system.

• It provides confidence to stakeholders that the software or system is ready for use.

• Testing helps in identifying and mitigating risks.

• Examples of testing include functional testi...read more

Annotations in Cucumber are tags that can be added to feature files or step definitions to provide additional information or functionality.

• Annotations in Cucumber start with the '@' symbol.

• Annotations can be used to organize and categorize feature files or step definitions.

• Annotations can also be used to control the execution flow of scenarios.

• Examples of annotations in Cucumber include @Before, @After, @Given, @When, @Then, etc.

Agile methodology involves iterative development, collaboration, and flexibility in responding to change.

• Iterative development: Work is broken down into small increments and delivered in short cycles.

• Collaboration: Cross-functional teams work together closely throughout the project.

• Flexibility: Requirements and solutions evolve through the collaborative effort of self-organizing teams.

• Examples: Daily stand-up meetings, sprint planning, backlog grooming, and retrospectives.

The function used in Selenium to access certified websites is 'acceptSslCerts()'.

• Use the 'acceptSslCerts()' function in Selenium to access certified websites

• This function is used to bypass SSL certificate errors while accessing secure websites

• Example: driver = new ChromeDriver(); driver.manage().acceptSslCerts();

Triggers in SQL are special stored procedures that are automatically executed when certain events occur in a database.

• Triggers can be used to enforce business rules, maintain referential integrity, and automate tasks.

• There are two main types of triggers: DML triggers (executed in response to data manipulation language events) and DDL triggers (executed in response to data definition language events).

• Examples of triggers include automatically updating a timestamp when a record...read more

White box testing is testing the internal structure of the system while black box testing is testing the external behavior of the system.

• White box testing is also known as clear box testing or structural testing.

• It involves testing the code, architecture, and design of the system.

• Examples include unit testing, integration testing, and code coverage analysis.

• Black box testing is also known as functional testing or behavioral testing.

• It involves testing the system's functionali...read more

Automation testing is useful when repetitive tests need to be executed quickly and efficiently.

• Useful for regression testing to ensure previous functionality still works

• Helps in executing tests on multiple configurations quickly

• Useful for load testing to simulate multiple users accessing the system simultaneously

To gain experience in software testing and advance my career in the field.

• I plan to continue learning and improving my skills in software testing.

• I hope to take on more challenging projects and responsibilities.

• I would like to eventually become a senior test analyst or move into a management role.

• I am open to exploring new technologies and methodologies in the field.

• I plan to attend industry conferences and networking events to stay up-to-date on industry trends and best prac...read more

Use JavaScript to get the placeholder value of an input box

• Use the 'getAttribute' method to get the 'placeholder' attribute value of the input box element

• Example: var placeholderValue = document.getElementById('inputBox').getAttribute('placeholder');