Larsen & Toubro Limited Interview Questions, Process, and Tips

M20 is a mix designation for concrete, indicating its compressive strength after 28 days of curing.

• M20 is a commonly used mix designation for concrete in construction.

• It indicates a mix ratio of 1:1.5:3 of cement, sand, and aggregate respectively.

• The compressive strength of M20 concrete after 28 days of curing is 20 N/mm².

• M20 concrete is suitable for moderate exposure conditions such as residential buildings and small

Nominal mix of M20 is 1:1.5:3 (cement:sand:aggregate) by volume.

• Nominal mix is a pre-defined ratio of cement, sand, and aggregate used for construction.

• M20 grade concrete is commonly used for reinforced concrete structures.

• The nominal mix of M20 is 1:1.5:3 (cement:sand:aggregate) by volume.

• This means for every 1 part of cement, 1.5 parts of sand and 3 parts of aggregate are used.

Workability of concrete is measured by its consistency, flowability, and compactability.

• Workability is the ease with which concrete can be mixed, transported, placed, and finished.

• Consistency is the degree of wetness or dryness of the concrete.

• Flowability is the ability of the concrete to flow and fill all the spaces within the formwork.

• Compactability is the ability of the concrete to be compacted and consolidated.

• Test...read more

The procedure for the above methods involves...

• Step 1...

• Step 2...

• Step 3...

I would use the Agile method. Its demerits include lack of documentation and difficulty in measuring progress.

• Agile allows for flexibility and adaptability

• Demerits include lack of documentation and difficulty in measuring progress

• Examples of Agile include Scrum and Kanban

Placing of concrete involves the process of depositing and compacting concrete into its final position.

• Before placing concrete, the surface should be properly prepared and cleaned.

• Concrete should be placed in layers of uniform thickness and should be compacted to remove air voids.

• The placing of concrete should be done as quickly as possible to prevent the concrete from setting before it is properly placed.

• Various metho...read more

Yes, slip form technique is a construction method used to build tall structures.

• It involves continuously pouring concrete into a moving formwork that slowly rises as the concrete sets.

• This technique is commonly used for constructing tall buildings, chimneys, and towers.

• It allows for efficient and cost-effective construction of structures with a uniform cross-section.

• Slip form technique was used to construct the Petrona...read more

Chuting of concrete is the process of pouring concrete from a chute or pipe into a designated area.

• Chutes or pipes are used to transport the concrete from the mixer to the designated area.

• The chutes or pipes are usually made of metal or plastic.

• The concrete must be poured evenly to avoid air pockets and ensure proper curing.

• Chuting is commonly used in construction projects such as building foundations, walls, and floor...read more

Chuting is a good method for concrete pouring in certain situations, but it depends on the project requirements.

• Chuting is useful for pouring concrete in hard-to-reach areas or when using a pump is not feasible.

• It can also be a cost-effective option for smaller projects.

• However, it may not be the best choice for larger projects or when a high level of precision is required.

• The decision to use chuting should be based on...read more

Factors affecting the strength of concrete

• Water-cement ratio

• Curing conditions

• Aggregate quality and size

• Admixtures used

• Mix design

• Temperature and humidity

• Age of concrete

• Type of cement used

Yes, Boars compounds are a group of chemical compounds used in organic synthesis.

• Boars compounds are named after the chemist who discovered them, Robert Boars.

• They are used in organic synthesis to create complex molecules.

• Examples of Boars compounds include Boars ester and Boars acid.

• They are often used in the pharmaceutical industry to create new drugs.

Compounds and their importance

• Water - essential for life

• Carbon dioxide - important for photosynthesis

• Oxygen - necessary for respiration

• Ammonia - used in fertilizer production

• Sodium chloride - important for maintaining electrolyte balance

• Calcium carbonate - used in construction and as an antacid

• Ethanol - used as a fuel and solvent

• Acetic acid - used in food preservation and production

• Aspirin - used as a pain reliever and...read more

There are various types of slabs used in construction, each with its unique features and benefits.

• One-way slab: supported by beams on two opposite sides

• Two-way slab: supported by beams on all four sides

• Flat slab: without beams, supported by columns

• Waffle slab: reinforced concrete with square grids

• Ribbed slab: reinforced concrete with parallel ribs

• Hollow core slab: precast concrete with hollow cores

• Post-tensioned slab: ...read more

1way slab is supported on two opposite sides while 2way slab is supported on all four sides.

• 1way slab is designed to carry load in one direction only

• 2way slab is designed to carry load in both directions

• 1way slab has a higher aspect ratio than 2way slab

• Examples of 1way slab include balcony slabs and corridor slabs while examples of 2way slab include floor slabs and roof slabs

The type of slab above our heads cannot be identified without additional information.

• The type of slab could vary depending on the location and purpose of the building.

• Additional information such as the building's construction plans or materials used would be needed to identify the slab type.

• Possible slab types include concrete, wood, steel, or composite materials.

• The slab could also be a part of a roofing system or a s...read more

1 way slab is used when the ratio of longer span to shorter span is greater than or equal to 2. 2 way slab is used when the ratio is less than 2.

• 1 way slab is economical for longer spans and lighter loads

• 2 way slab is suitable for shorter spans and heavier loads

• 1 way slab has beams on two opposite sides while 2 way slab has beams on all four sides

• Examples of 1 way slab include balcony, verandah, and corridor slabs

• Examp...read more

The shear force is maximum at the support and the bending moment is maximum at the center of the slab.

• Shear force is maximum at the support due to the transfer of load from the slab to the support.

• Bending moment is maximum at the center of the slab due to the maximum deflection of the slab.

• The location of maximum shear force and bending moment can be determined using structural analysis software or manual calculations.

Reinforcement is provided in the form of steel bars or mesh in concrete structures for shear and bending.

• Steel bars or mesh are embedded in concrete beams and slabs to provide reinforcement for bending.

• Stirrups are used to provide reinforcement for shear in beams.

• Shear reinforcement in slabs can be provided by using steel mesh or by adding steel bars in the form of a grid.

• The amount and placement of reinforcement is de...read more

I am a highly motivated and detail-oriented individual with a passion for learning and problem-solving.

• I have a Bachelor's degree in Computer Science

• I have completed several online courses in data analysis and machine learning

• I enjoy participating in hackathons and coding challenges

• I am fluent in English and Spanish

I selected civil because of my interest in designing and constructing infrastructure for the betterment of society.

• I have always been fascinated by the process of designing and constructing buildings, bridges, and roads.

• Civil engineering offers a wide range of opportunities to work on projects that have a positive impact on society.

• I enjoy the challenge of finding innovative solutions to complex problems in the field o...read more

I would like to work in the Marketing department.

• I have a passion for creating and executing marketing campaigns.

• I enjoy analyzing market trends and consumer behavior.

• I have experience in social media marketing and content creation.

I am interested in these subjects because they align with my passion and career goals.

• I have always been fascinated by the intricacies of these subjects

• I believe that pursuing these subjects will help me make a positive impact in the world

• I am passionate about learning and expanding my knowledge in these areas

• I see a lot of potential for growth and innovation in these fields

• Examples: I am interested in computer science...read more

Yes, I plan to pursue a master's degree in computer science.

• I have been researching various universities and programs

• I am particularly interested in the artificial intelligence and machine learning tracks

• I plan to apply for scholarships and assistantships to help with tuition costs

In 5 years, I see myself as a senior manager in a reputable company, leading a team of professionals and contributing to the growth of the organization.

• Leading a team of professionals

• Contributing to the growth of the organization

• Continuing to learn and develop new skills

• Networking and building relationships within the industry

I am a hardworking and driven individual with a passion for learning and achieving my goals. My biggest achievements include...

• Graduating with honors from university

• Completing a challenging project that resulted in significant cost savings for my previous employer

• Volunteering at a local charity and helping to raise thousands of dollars for their cause

• Learning a new language and using it to communicate with clients from...read more

Yes, I play basketball and tennis regularly.

• I play basketball twice a week with a local league.

• I also play tennis with friends on weekends.

• Sports help me stay active and relieve stress.

Nominal mix is a rough estimate of proportions while design mix is a precise mix of concrete.

• Nominal mix uses pre-defined ratios while design mix is customized based on specific requirements.

• Nominal mix is not suitable for large construction projects while design mix is preferred for high-strength concrete.

• Nominal mix is cheaper but less durable than design mix.

• Nominal mix is commonly used for small residential project...read more

Explanation of grades of concrete and cement.

• Grades of concrete refer to the strength of the concrete mix, which is determined by the ratio of cement, sand, and aggregates used.

• Common grades of concrete include M10, M15, M20, M25, etc.

• Grades of cement refer to the compressive strength of cement, which is determined by the cement's ability to resist a crushing force.

• Common grades of cement include 33, 43, and 53 grade c...read more

Compressive strength of concrete is its ability to resist compression. M25 concrete is a mix of cement, sand, and aggregate in a specific ratio.

• Compressive strength is the maximum load-bearing capacity of concrete per unit area.

• It is measured in megapascals (MPa) or pounds per square inch (psi).

• M25 concrete is a mix of 1:1:2 ratio of cement, sand, and aggregate respectively.

• It has a compressive strength of 25 MPa or 36...read more

Types of cover in reinforced concrete and their explanation.

• Cover refers to the distance between the surface of the reinforcement and the outer surface of the concrete.

• Types of cover include nominal cover, effective cover, and minimum cover.

• Nominal cover is the specified cover in the design, effective cover is the actual cover achieved in construction, and minimum cover is the minimum required cover to prevent corrosio...read more

Singly reinforced beam has reinforcement only on tension side while doubly reinforced beam has reinforcement on both tension and compression sides.

• Singly reinforced beam has reinforcement only on tension side

• Doubly reinforced beam has reinforcement on both tension and compression sides

• Doubly reinforced beam is used when the depth of the beam is restricted

• Singly reinforced beam is used when the depth of the beam is not

Retaining walls are structures used to hold back soil or rock. There are various types of retaining walls.

• Gravity retaining walls rely on their own weight to resist pressure from soil or rock.

• Cantilever retaining walls use a base slab and a stem to resist pressure.

• Sheet pile retaining walls are made of steel, vinyl or wood planks that are driven into the ground.

• Anchored retaining walls use cables or other stays anchore...read more

Green buildings are environmentally sustainable structures that use eco-friendly materials and technologies.

• Green buildings aim to reduce the negative impact on the environment and promote sustainability.

• Materials used in green buildings include recycled materials, sustainably sourced wood, and energy-efficient products.

• Technologies used in green buildings include solar panels, rainwater harvesting systems, and energy-...read more

A parapet wall is a low wall or railing at the edge of a roof, balcony, or bridge.

• It is a safety feature that prevents people from falling off the edge.

• It can be made of various materials such as brick, stone, concrete, or metal.

• It can also be decorative and add to the aesthetic appeal of a building.

• Examples include the parapet walls on the roof of a house or the railing on a bridge.

The thickness of plaster for inner and outer walls depends on various factors such as the type of wall, location, and purpose.

• The thickness of plaster for inner walls is usually 12-15 mm.

• The thickness of plaster for outer walls is usually 20-25 mm.

• The thickness of plaster can vary depending on the type of wall, such as brick, concrete, or block.

• The location of the wall, such as whether it is an interior or exterior wal...read more

Damp proof course is a layer of material used to prevent moisture from rising up through walls and floors.

• Damp proof course is typically made of materials like bitumen, asphalt, or plastic.

• It is installed at the base of walls or floors to prevent moisture from seeping in.

• Without a damp proof course, moisture can cause damage to buildings and lead to mold and mildew growth.

• Damp proof course is especially important in ar...read more

The N value of rocks is a measure of their hardness and resistance to penetration.

• N value is determined by the number of blows required to penetrate a rock sample with a standard hammer and drill rod.

• It is used to classify rocks for engineering purposes, such as in foundation design and tunneling.

• For example, a rock with an N value of 50 is harder and more resistant to penetration than a rock with an N value of 20.

I am a highly motivated and dedicated individual with a passion for engineering and problem-solving.

• I have a Bachelor's degree in Mechanical Engineering from XYZ University.

• During my time at university, I completed several projects that involved designing and building prototypes of various machines.

• I have also completed internships at ABC Company and DEF Corporation, where I gained hands-on experience in the field of e...read more

My father is a software engineer.

• He works for a multinational IT company.

• He specializes in developing web applications.

• He has over 15 years of experience in the field.

• He enjoys coding and learning about new technologies.

Yes, I am ready for SITE job.

• I have completed relevant coursework and training.

• I have experience working on construction sites.

• I am physically fit and able to work in challenging environments.

• I am familiar with safety protocols and regulations.

• I am eager to learn and contribute to the team.

L&T has a professional and disciplined work culture that values innovation and teamwork.

• L&T emphasizes on safety, quality, and ethical practices.

• The company encourages employees to take ownership and responsibility for their work.

• There is a strong focus on continuous learning and development.

• The work environment is collaborative and supportive.

• L&T values diversity and inclusion in the workplace.

• The company has a perfor...read more

My favorite subjects are Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science.

• I enjoy solving complex mathematical problems and equations.

• I find the laws of physics fascinating and enjoy learning about them.

• I am interested in programming and enjoy learning new coding languages and techniques.

Common IS codes and their revisions used in engineering

• IS 456:2000 - Code of practice for plain and reinforced concrete

• IS 800:2007 - Code of practice for general construction in steel

• IS 1893:2016 - Criteria for earthquake resistant design of structures

• IS 1343:2012 - Code of practice for prestressed concrete

• IS 383:2016 - Coarse and fine aggregates for concrete

• IS 10262:2019 - Concrete mix proportioning guidelines

• IS 1200:...read more

Draw SFD of continuous beam

• Identify the support reactions

• Cut the beam at a section and draw the free body diagram

• Determine the shear force at the section

• Plot the shear force diagram

• Determine the bending moment at the section

• Plot the bending moment diagram

• Repeat for all sections of the beam

My major project topic was on developing a smart irrigation system using IoT.

• The project aimed to optimize water usage in agriculture by using sensors and IoT technology.

• The system was designed to collect data on soil moisture, temperature, and humidity to determine the water requirements of crops.

• Based on the data collected, the system would automatically control the irrigation process, reducing water wastage and incr...read more

I took up civil engineering because of my interest in designing and constructing buildings and infrastructure.

• I have always been fascinated by the process of building and creating things

• I enjoy problem-solving and finding solutions to complex challenges

• Civil engineering offers a wide range of career opportunities in various sectors such as construction, transportation, and environmental engineering

• I believe that civil ...read more

I am interested in L&T because of its reputation as a leading engineering and construction company.

• L&T has a strong presence in various sectors such as infrastructure, power, and defense.

• The company has a reputation for delivering high-quality projects on time and within budget.

• L&T offers excellent opportunities for career growth and development.

• I am impressed by L&T's commitment to sustainability and social responsibi...read more

Yes, I am willing to work at anyplace in India.

• I am open to exploring new places and cultures.

• I am adaptable and can adjust to new environments.

• I am excited to work with diverse teams and learn from them.

• I am committed to my career and willing to go the extra mile.

• I understand that working in different locations can broaden my experience and skills.