Cognizant SAP Basis Consultant Interview Questions, Process, and Tips

Q1. What should be considered during performance analysis with ST03 transaction, Total time or average time ?
Ans. 
Average time should be considered during performance analysis with ST03 transaction.
• Average time gives a more accurate representation of overall performance compared to total time.

• Total time can be skewed by outliers or extreme values, while average time provides a more balanced view.

• For example, if there are a few long-running processes that significantly impact total time, focusing on average time can help identify o
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Q2. How to minimize the downtime during an SAP upgrade with SUM?
Ans. 
Minimize downtime during SAP upgrade with SUM by using parallel processing, proper planning, and testing.
• Utilize parallel processing to speed up the upgrade process

• Properly plan and schedule the upgrade during off-peak hours to minimize impact on users

• Perform thorough testing in a non-production environment before the actual upgrade

• Use SAP EarlyWatch Alert to identify potential issues before the upgrade

• Implement SAP Sy...read more
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Q3. Where are R3trans and R3load processes are used during SAP upgrade using SUM?
Ans. 
R3trans and R3load processes are used during SAP upgrade using SUM for data migration and transport.
• R3trans is used for transporting data between systems during the upgrade process.

• R3load is used for loading data into the upgraded system.

• R3trans and R3load are part of the Software Update Manager (SUM) tool used for SAP upgrades.
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Q4. What are the differences in SUM 1.0 and SUM 2.0 ? Why can we not use SUM 2.0 for SAP JAVA systems ?
Ans. 
SUM 2.0 is an updated version of SUM 1.0 with improved features. SUM 2.0 cannot be used for SAP JAVA systems due to compatibility issues.
• SUM 2.0 has enhanced functionalities and better performance compared to SUM 1.0

• SUM 2.0 is not compatible with SAP JAVA systems because it lacks support for certain Java-specific components and processes

• Using SUM 2.0 for SAP JAVA systems can lead to errors and issues during the upgrade
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Q5. What steps are needed if the maintenance planner is not green?
Ans. 
Check prerequisites, resolve issues, update software components, check system status, and re-run maintenance planner.
• Check if all prerequisites are met before running maintenance planner

• Resolve any issues or errors that are causing the maintenance planner to not be green

• Update software components if necessary

• Check the system status to ensure it is stable and running properly

• Re-run the maintenance planner after addressi
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Q6. What are the difference in steps when you generate the stack.xml file from maintenance planner for Java system vs ABAP system.
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Q7. What are delta Merge in SAP HANA?
Ans. 
Delta Merge in SAP HANA is a process where data from delta storage is merged into main storage to optimize performance.
• Delta merge is a process in SAP HANA where data from delta storage is merged into main storage to optimize performance.

• It helps in reducing the size of delta storage and improving query performance.

• Delta merge is triggered automatically by SAP HANA based on certain conditions like memory consumption or...read more
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Q8. What are the reasons of Delta merge not running properly and how to make them work?
Ans. 
Delta merge may not run properly due to incorrect configuration, insufficient resources, or system errors.
• Check the configuration settings for delta merge to ensure they are correct

• Ensure that there are enough resources (memory, CPU, disk space) available for delta merge to run smoothly

• Monitor system logs for any errors or issues that may be preventing delta merge from running properly

• Restart the system or the relevant...read more
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Q9. What are the pre-requisites of manual delta merge?
Ans. 
Pre-requisites for manual delta merge include proper system backup, sufficient disk space, and no active users.
• Ensure system backup is taken before performing manual delta merge.

• Make sure there is enough disk space available for the merge process.

• Ensure there are no active users or critical processes running during the merge.

• Check for any pending updates or patches that may interfere with the merge.

• Verify that all nece...read more
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Q10. What is Strust transaction code? Why are there different PSEs and how are these utilized?
Ans. 
Strust is a transaction code used in SAP for managing SSL server PSEs. Different PSEs are used for different purposes.
• Strust is used to manage SSL server PSEs in SAP systems

• Different PSEs are used for different purposes such as encryption, authentication, etc.

• Examples of PSEs include SSL server PSE, SSL client PSE, SNC PSE, etc.
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Q11. What steps are needed if a 3rd party system wants to connect with your SAP system? What specific certificates will be needed?
Ans. 
To connect a 3rd party system with SAP, steps include creating RFC destination, configuring communication user, setting up authorizations, and exchanging certificates.
• Create RFC destination in SAP system

• Configure communication user in SAP system

• Set up necessary authorizations for the RFC user

• Exchange certificates between the 3rd party system and SAP system
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Q12. What are trusted RFC connections and why are these needed and how to create those?
Ans. 
Trusted RFC connections are secure connections between SAP systems for communication.
• Trusted RFC connections are used to establish secure communication between SAP systems.

• These connections are needed to ensure data integrity and confidentiality during data exchange.

• To create trusted RFC connections, you need to configure the RFC destination in both sending and receiving systems.

• You also need to maintain the trusted re...read more
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Q13. Is it possible to automate the TR movement from DEV to QA? If yes, how?
Ans. 
Yes, it is possible to automate TR movement from DEV to QA.
• Use transport management system (TMS) in SAP to automate TR movement

• Set up transport routes and configure TMS to automatically release and import transports

• Schedule background jobs to move transports at specific times

• Use transport of copies (TOC) functionality to copy transports between systems
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Q14. What are label printers? How are these different than usual printers?
Ans. 
Label printers are specialized printers used to print labels for various purposes.
• Label printers are designed specifically for printing labels, tags, and stickers.

• They are commonly used in industries like manufacturing, retail, logistics, and healthcare.

• Label printers use different types of printing technologies such as direct thermal or thermal transfer.

• Unlike usual printers, label printers are more durable and can ha...read more
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Q15. Spool request is successful but still the prints are not coming through, what could be the reason and how to solve it?
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Q16. There is performance issue between 1 to 2 PM everyday, what could be the reason and how to resolve it?
Ans. 
Possible reasons for performance issue between 1 to 2 PM everyday and how to resolve it
• Check for any scheduled jobs or backups running during that time causing high system load

• Monitor system resources like CPU, memory, and disk usage during that time

• Review system logs for any errors or warnings occurring at that specific time

• Consider implementing performance tuning measures such as optimizing database queries or increa...read more
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Q17. What are different tcodes for traces? What specific information you look for in these tcodes (e.g. STAD) ?
Ans. 
Different tcodes for traces in SAP BASIS and specific information to look for in STAD
• ST01 - System Trace: Monitor user activities and authorization checks

• ST05 - Performance Trace: Analyze performance issues

• ST11 - Display Developer Traces: View developer traces for debugging

• ST12 - SAP System Trace Configuration: Configure trace settings

• ST22 - ABAP Dump Analysis: Check for ABAP dumps and errors
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Q18. How does TMS work in SAP HANA? Similarly how it works in SAP JAVA and why it is used?
Ans. 
TMS in SAP HANA manages transport requests for system changes, similar to SAP JAVA. It ensures controlled deployment of changes.
• TMS in SAP HANA is used to manage transport requests for system changes, ensuring controlled deployment.

• It allows for organizing changes into packages, moving them between systems, and tracking changes.

• TMS in SAP JAVA also serves a similar purpose, managing transport requests for Java-based sy...read more
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Q19. What are domain link is SAP ?
Ans. 
Domain link in SAP is a logical link between a domain and a data element.
• Domain link is used to assign a domain to a data element in SAP.

• It helps in defining the characteristics and constraints of the data element.

• Domain link ensures consistency and reusability of domain definitions.

• Example: Linking a domain 'Material Number' to a data element 'MATNR' in SAP.
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Q20. Can we add another transport layer between QA and Prod systems?
Ans. 
Yes, it is possible to add another transport layer between QA and Prod systems.
• Yes, you can add an additional transport layer between QA and Prod systems in SAP by creating a new transport route.

• This can be achieved by configuring a new transport layer in the landscape configuration.

• The new transport layer can be used to control the flow of transports between QA and Prod systems separately.

• This setup allows for better ...read more
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Q21. What is the maximum memory a single HANA node can have?
Ans. 
A single HANA node can have a maximum memory of 24 TB.
• A single HANA node can have a maximum memory of 24 TB.

• The memory capacity of a HANA node can vary depending on the hardware configuration.

• For example, a HANA node with 2 TB RAM per socket can have up to 12 sockets, resulting in a total memory capacity of 24 TB.
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Q22. Can ECC on HANA have scaleout scenario?
Ans. 
Yes, ECC on HANA can have scaleout scenario.
• ECC on HANA can be scaled out by adding additional application servers to distribute workload.

• Scaleout scenario helps in improving performance and handling increased workload.

• It allows for horizontal scaling by adding more servers to the existing landscape.

• Example: Adding more application servers to an ECC on HANA system to handle increased user load.
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Q23. What are the different strategies of SAP SUM?
Ans. 
SAP Software Update Manager (SUM) offers various strategies for system updates and upgrades.
• Downtime-minimized strategy: Reduces system downtime during updates by performing most of the activities online.

• Standard strategy: Follows the traditional update process with downtime for the system.

• Maintenance planner strategy: Uses SAP Maintenance Planner tool to plan updates and upgrades.

• Stack XML strategy: Allows importing s...read more
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Q24. How does sizing of SAP and HANA work?
Ans. 
Sizing of SAP and HANA involves determining the hardware requirements based on the workload and usage patterns.
• Sizing involves analyzing the current and future workload of the SAP system.

• Factors such as number of users, transactions, data volume, and growth projections are considered.

• Tools like SAP Quick Sizer and SAP HANA Sizing reports are used to estimate hardware requirements.

• Proper sizing ensures optimal performan
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Q25. How much memory is needed for a HANA system with 1TB of database?
Ans. 
Approximately 1.5 TB of memory is needed for a HANA system with 1TB of database.
• HANA systems typically require 1.5 times the size of the database in memory for optimal performance

• In this case, with a 1TB database, approximately 1.5 TB of memory would be needed

• Memory requirements may vary based on specific configurations and usage patterns
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Q26. What are the differences between HANA Cockpit and HANA studio?
Ans. 
HANA Cockpit is a web-based tool for administration and monitoring, while HANA Studio is a desktop application for development and modeling.
• HANA Cockpit is web-based, accessible via a browser, while HANA Studio is a desktop application.

• HANA Cockpit is used for administration, monitoring, and performance tuning, while HANA Studio is used for development, modeling, and data provisioning.

• HANA Cockpit provides a centralize...read more
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Q27. In SAP HANA, instead of creating one big file of 1 TB for backup, is it possible to created 10 files of 100 GB each ?
Ans. 
Yes, in SAP HANA it is possible to create multiple files for backup instead of one big file.
• Yes, in SAP HANA, you can split the backup into multiple files for easier management and storage.

• This can be achieved by specifying the number of backup files and their sizes during the backup process.

• For example, you can create 10 files of 100 GB each for a total backup size of 1 TB.
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Q28. What is the latest version of SAP HANA available on SAP Marketplace ?
Ans. 
SAP HANA 2.0 SPS 05 is the latest version available on SAP Marketplace.
• SAP HANA 2.0 SPS 05 was released in May 2020.

• It includes new features and enhancements for improved performance and usability.

• Customers can download the latest version from the SAP Marketplace.
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Q29. How do we install SAP HANA license for Tenant DB? What is sequence of applying the licenses in SAP HANA?
Ans. 
To install SAP HANA license for Tenant DB, use HDBLCM tool and apply the licenses in a specific sequence.
• Use HDBLCM tool to install SAP HANA license for Tenant DB

• Apply the licenses in the following sequence: System DB, Tenant DB, and then XS Advanced

• Ensure that the license key is valid and matches the hardware key of the system
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Q1. Difference between Hana Studio and Cockpit?? Difference between Oracle Database and Hana Database?? What is replication and types of replication??
Ans. 
Hana Studio is an integrated development environment for SAP HANA, while Cockpit is a web-based administration tool for managing HANA systems.
• Hana Studio is a desktop application, while Cockpit is accessed through a web browser.

• Hana Studio provides a wide range of development and administration tools, while Cockpit focuses on system administration.

• Hana Studio allows for advanced development tasks like creating and mana...read more
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Q1. 1. Current CTC?? 2. Expected CTC?? 3. Preferred location?? 4. Why do you want to change from current organization to our company?? 5. Tell me about yourself?? 6. Are you an immediate joiner?? 7. Are you ab...read more
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Basic Aptitude was conducted and it had syllabus from 10 th to 12 th grade

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