Cognizant Interview Questions, Process, and Tips

Q1. Basic questions related to python, data types, and other basic definitions.
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Q2. Mini coding round including reverse string, max element in list, (Some people were asked to code sorting algos too according to my knowledge).
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Q3. SQL basics, normalisation and coding related to joins, group by
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Q4. Resume Projects explanation
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Q1. What are the concepts of Object-Oriented Programming (OOP), and can you explain them?
Ans. 
OOP is a programming paradigm based on the concept of objects, which can contain data in the form of fields and code in the form of procedures.
• OOP focuses on creating objects that interact with each other to solve complex problems.

• Encapsulation: Objects can encapsulate data and behavior within a single unit.

• Inheritance: Objects can inherit attributes and methods from other objects.

• Polymorphism: Objects can take on diff...read more
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Q2. What is the purpose of a final key?
Ans. 
The final keyword in Java is used to restrict the user from changing the value of a variable, prevent method overriding, and make a class immutable.
• Final variables cannot be reassigned once initialized.

• Final methods cannot be overridden in subclasses.

• Final classes cannot be extended by other classes.

• Final keyword is often used to create constants in Java.
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Q3. What are static classes?
Ans. 
Static classes are classes that cannot be instantiated and are used to group related methods and properties.
• Static classes are declared with the 'static' keyword in languages like C# and Java.

• They cannot be instantiated and are accessed using the class name itself.

• Static classes are commonly used for utility classes that contain helper methods.

• Example: Math class in Java with static methods like Math.max() and Math.min
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Q4. What is an example of compile-time polymorphism?
Ans. 
An example of compile-time polymorphism is function overloading in C++.
• Compile-time polymorphism is achieved through method overloading or operator overloading.

• In C++, function overloading allows multiple functions with the same name but different parameters.

• The compiler determines which function to call based on the number and types of arguments passed.

• Example: void print(int x) and void print(double y) are two overlo
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Q5. What is the significance of the 'this' keyword in Java?
Ans. 
The 'this' keyword in Java refers to the current instance of a class and is used to refer to the current object.
• Used to differentiate between instance variables and local variables with the same name.

• Can be used to invoke current class constructor.

• Helps in passing the current object as a parameter to other methods.

• Can be used to return the current instance of the class.
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Q6. What is the program to retrieve all mobile costs from Flipkart and display the maximum cost?
Ans. 
The program retrieves all mobile costs from Flipkart and displays the maximum cost.
• Use web scraping to extract mobile costs from Flipkart website

• Store the costs in a list or array

• Find the maximum cost from the list

• Display the maximum cost
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Q7. What is dynamic XPath in Selenium, and how is it used?
Ans. 
Dynamic XPath in Selenium is a way to locate web elements based on changing attributes or positions on a webpage.
• Dynamic XPath is used when the attributes of an element are not static and change frequently.

• It allows testers to create XPath expressions that can adapt to these changes.

• Examples of dynamic XPath include using contains(), starts-with(), or ends-with() functions to locate elements.

• Using dynamic XPath helps i
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The first round was the Aptitude Round, during which most candidates were eliminated.

Three coding questions, one SQL task, and one development-related task.

Q1. My Interview went for 40 min. in which 30 minutes he asked me Core Java Concepts and then AWS and then one simple code
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Q2. Coding question - Write the code to print all the even number indexes from an array.
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Q1. What are the GCP services used in your project
Ans. 
The GCP services used in our project include BigQuery, Dataflow, Pub/Sub, and Cloud Storage.
• BigQuery for data warehousing and analytics

• Dataflow for real-time data processing

• Pub/Sub for messaging and event ingestion

• Cloud Storage for storing data and files
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Q2. What is cloud function
Ans. 
Cloud Functions are event-driven functions that run in response to cloud events.
• Serverless functions that automatically scale based on demand

• Can be triggered by events from various cloud services

• Supports multiple programming languages like Node.js, Python, etc.
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Q3. How to shedule job to trigger every hr in Airflow
Ans. 
To schedule a job to trigger every hour in Airflow, you can use the Cron schedule interval
• Define a DAG (Directed Acyclic Graph) in Airflow

• Set the schedule_interval parameter to '0 * * * *' to trigger the job every hour

• Example: schedule_interval='0 * * * *'
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Q4. Bigquey architecture
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Q5. How display string in reverse using python
Ans. 
Use Python's slicing feature to display a string in reverse order.
• Use string slicing with a step of -1 to reverse the string.

• Example: 'hello'[::-1] will output 'olleh'.
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Q6. What is pub sub and where are you getting used in your project.
Ans. 
Pub/Sub is a messaging service that allows communication between independent applications.
• Pub/Sub is used for real-time messaging and event-driven systems.

• It is commonly used for data ingestion, streaming analytics, and event-driven architectures.

• Examples of Pub/Sub services include Google Cloud Pub/Sub, Apache Kafka, and Amazon SNS/SQS.
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