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I applied via Naukri.com and was interviewed before Jul 2022. There were 4 interview rounds.
HashMap is non-synchronized and allows null values, while Hashtable is synchronized and does not allow null values.
HashMap is non-synchronized and not thread-safe, while Hashtable is synchronized and thread-safe.
HashMap allows null values for both key and value, while Hashtable does not allow null keys or values.
HashMap is faster than Hashtable as it is non-synchronized.
HashMap is part of the Java Collections Framework
Types of exceptions in Selenium include NoSuchElementException, ElementNotVisibleException, StaleElementReferenceException, TimeoutException, and WebDriverException.
NoSuchElementException: Thrown when an element could not be found in the DOM.
ElementNotVisibleException: Thrown when an element is present in the DOM but not visible.
StaleElementReferenceException: Thrown when an element is no longer attached to the DOM.
Tim...
Abstract class can have both abstract and non-abstract methods, while interface can only have abstract methods.
Abstract class can have constructors, fields, and non-abstract methods, while interface cannot.
A class can implement multiple interfaces but can only inherit from one abstract class.
Abstract classes are used to define a common behavior for subclasses, while interfaces are used to define a contract for classes ...
I applied via Company Website and was interviewed in Aug 2024. There was 1 interview round.
I applied via Walk-in and was interviewed in Dec 2023. There were 2 interview rounds.
Moderate interview process
I applied via Naukri.com and was interviewed in Dec 2021. There were 3 interview rounds.
Implicit and Explicit waits are used in Selenium to wait for elements to load before performing actions.
Implicit wait waits for a specified amount of time before throwing an exception if the element is not found.
Explicit wait waits for a specific condition to be met before proceeding with the next step.
Syntax for implicit wait: driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
Syntax for explicit wait: We...
Screenshots can be taken in Selenium using the TakesScreenshot interface.
Create an object of the TakesScreenshot interface
Call the getScreenshotAs() method on the driver object
Save the screenshot to a desired location using the File class
To select values in dropdowns, click on the dropdown and choose the desired option.
Click on the dropdown to expand the list of options
Scroll through the list to find the desired option
Click on the desired option to select it
If the desired option is not visible, type the first few letters of the option to filter the list
XPath and CSS selectors are both used to locate elements on a web page, but they have different syntax and capabilities.
XPath uses a path expression to navigate through the HTML structure, while CSS selectors use a pattern matching approach.
XPath can select elements based on their attributes, text content, and position in the document, while CSS selectors are limited to attributes and tag names.
XPath has a wider range ...
Locators in Selenium are used to identify web elements on a web page.
Locators can be based on ID, class name, name, tag name, link text, partial link text, CSS selector, or XPath.
Using the right locator strategy is important for reliable test automation.
Examples of locators: driver.findElement(By.id("elementId")), driver.findElement(By.className("className")), driver.findElement(By.xpath("//tagName[@attribute='value']"
Abstract classes are classes that cannot be instantiated and can have both abstract and non-abstract methods. Interfaces are contracts that define a set of methods that a class must implement.
Abstract classes can have constructors while interfaces cannot
A class can implement multiple interfaces but can only inherit from one abstract class
Abstract classes can have instance variables while interfaces cannot
Interfaces can...
Page Object Model is a design pattern used in test automation to create an object repository for web UI elements.
It separates the test code from the page-specific code.
It improves code maintainability and reduces code duplication.
It allows for easy modification of UI elements without affecting the test code.
It enhances test script readability and reduces the effort required to create new test scripts.
It is widely used
Annotations in TestNG are used to provide additional information to the test methods and control the test execution flow.
Annotations are used to mark a method as a test method, configuration method, or to specify the order of execution.
TestNG provides several built-in annotations such as @Test, @BeforeSuite, @AfterSuite, @BeforeTest, @AfterTest, etc.
Annotations can also be used to group tests, enable/disable tests, and...
Test data can be passed in testNG using DataProvider annotation.
Create a method that returns a two-dimensional array of test data
Annotate the test method with @DataProvider and specify the name of the data provider method
Pass the test data as parameters to the test method
V-model is a software development model that emphasizes testing at every stage of the development process.
It is a sequential development process
Each stage has a corresponding testing stage
Testing is done at every stage to ensure quality
It is a highly structured and disciplined approach
It is often used in safety-critical industries such as aerospace and defense
Assert checks if a condition is true and stops the test if it's false. Verify checks if a condition is true and continues the test if it's false.
Assert is used to validate the expected result of a test case.
Verify is used to validate the actual result of a test case.
Assert stops the test execution if the condition is false.
Verify continues the test execution if the condition is false.
Assert is used for critical test ca
Exceptions while running scripts
Syntax errors
Runtime errors
Logical errors
Timeout errors
Memory errors
IFrames/Window handles can be handled using switchTo() method in Selenium
Use driver.switchTo().frame() method to switch to an IFrame
Use driver.switchTo().defaultContent() method to switch back to the main page
Use driver.getWindowHandles() method to get all window handles
Use driver.switchTo().window() method to switch to a new window
Value cannot be passed in a disabled text box.
Check if there is any other way to pass the value, such as through a different input field.
If not, enable the text box temporarily, pass the value, and then disable it again.
Alternatively, check if there is any JavaScript code that can be used to pass the value.
I applied via Naukri.com and was interviewed before Jun 2021. There was 1 interview round.
I applied via Referral and was interviewed before Jun 2022. There was 1 interview round.
SQL queries are used to interact with relational databases by retrieving, updating, and manipulating data.
Use SELECT statement to retrieve data from tables
Use INSERT statement to add new data to tables
Use UPDATE statement to modify existing data in tables
Use DELETE statement to remove data from tables
Use JOIN clause to combine data from multiple tables
I applied via Recruitment Consulltant and was interviewed before Aug 2023. There was 1 interview round.
A bug is a coding error that causes a program to malfunction, while a defect is a deviation from the requirements.
Bug is a mistake made by the programmer, while defect is a deviation from the requirements.
Bugs are found in the code, while defects are found in the product.
Example: A bug could be a syntax error in the code, while a defect could be a feature not working as specified.
I raise bugs by thoroughly documenting the issue with steps to reproduce, screenshots, and expected vs actual results.
First, I thoroughly test the software to ensure the bug is reproducible.
Next, I document the bug with detailed steps to reproduce, including screenshots or videos if necessary.
I also include information on the expected behavior versus the actual behavior.
I assign a severity level to the bug based on its...
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