60+ Selenium Automation Tester Interview Questions and Answers

Use Selenium WebDriver to find and count all text boxes on a web page.

• Use Selenium WebDriver to locate all text boxes on the web page

• Use findElements method with input tag and type attribute as text to find all text boxes

• Get the size of the list of elements to get the count of text boxes

Test Stub simulates the behavior of a module that a component depends on, while Test Driver controls the execution of the test case.

• Test Stub is used to simulate the behavior of a module that a component depends on.

• Test Driver is used to control the execution of the test case and interact with the component being tested.

• Test Stub provides canned answers to calls made during the test, while Test Driver initiates the test execution.

• Example: In a banking application, if the modu...read more

Selenium is a popular choice for web application testing due to its open-source nature, cross-browser compatibility, and robust automation capabilities.

• Selenium is open-source, making it cost-effective for organizations.

• Selenium supports multiple programming languages like Java, Python, and C#, providing flexibility to automation testers.

• Selenium offers cross-browser compatibility, allowing tests to be run on different browsers like Chrome, Firefox, and Safari.

• Selenium provid...read more

To run a selected test from a group of tests in Cucumber, you can use tags to specify which test to run.

• Add tags to the scenarios in your feature files

• Use the @CucumberOptions annotation in your test runner class to specify the tags to include or exclude

• Run the test using the test runner class with the specified tags

Best practices in test automation include proper planning, maintenance, collaboration, and continuous improvement.

• Create a solid test automation strategy before starting automation efforts.

• Use version control to manage test scripts and ensure traceability.

• Regularly review and update test scripts to maintain relevance and accuracy.

• Collaborate with developers and other team members to align automation efforts with development cycles.

• Implement continuous integration to run autom...read more

JUnit annotations like @Before, @Test, @After are used in Selenium for setup, execution, and teardown of test cases.

• Annotations like @Before are used to set up preconditions before each test method is executed.

• Annotations like @Test are used to mark a method as a test method.

• Annotations like @After are used to clean up after each test method is executed.

• Annotations like @BeforeClass and @AfterClass are used for setup and teardown tasks that need to be performed once for the e...read more

To reduce execution time in Selenium, optimize test scripts, use efficient locators, and run tests in parallel.

• Optimize test scripts by removing unnecessary steps and reducing wait times

• Use efficient locators such as CSS selectors instead of XPath

• Run tests in parallel using tools like Selenium Grid or TestNG

• Use headless browsers like PhantomJS to speed up tests

• Use page object model to reduce code duplication and improve maintainability

BDD is a software development approach that encourages collaboration between developers, testers, and business stakeholders.

• BDD focuses on defining the behavior of a system through examples in plain text

• Uses a common language (like Gherkin syntax) to describe the expected behavior

• Tests are written in a way that they can be easily understood by non-technical stakeholders

• Promotes communication and collaboration between different team members

Selenium is a testing framework for web applications, while Cucumber is a tool for behavior-driven development.

• Selenium is a testing framework used for automating web applications, while Cucumber is a tool for behavior-driven development (BDD).

• Selenium supports multiple programming languages like Java, Python, etc., while Cucumber uses Gherkin syntax for writing test cases.

• Selenium focuses on automating the testing process, while Cucumber focuses on collaboration between deve...read more

Automating CAPTCHA testing involves using third-party services or implementing custom solutions.

• Use third-party services like 2Captcha or Anti-Captcha to solve CAPTCHAs programmatically.

• Implement custom solutions using image recognition libraries like OpenCV to identify and solve CAPTCHAs.

• Integrate CAPTCHA solving functionality into your Selenium automation scripts for seamless testing.

Scenario is a single test case while Scenario Outline is a template for multiple test cases.

• Scenario is a single test case that describes a particular behavior of the system

• Scenario Outline is a template for multiple test cases with placeholders for input values

• Scenario Outline uses Examples table to provide input values for each test case

• Scenario Outline reduces code duplication and makes test cases more maintainable

Data flow testing is a type of white box testing that focuses on the paths that data takes through the application.

• It involves tracing the flow of data through the application to identify any potential issues or errors.

• Data flow testing helps in ensuring that data is processed correctly and efficiently.

• Examples of data flow testing techniques include control flow testing, data dependency testing, and variable definition testing.

Grouping in Cucumber allows for organizing related scenarios into logical groups for better management and execution.

• Grouping helps in organizing related scenarios together for better readability and maintenance.

• Tags are used to group scenarios in Cucumber.

• Grouping allows for running specific sets of scenarios based on tags.

• Grouping can be used to run scenarios in parallel or sequentially.

• Example: @smokeTest tag can be used to group all smoke test scenarios together.

To upload resume using Selenium, use sendKeys() method to locate the file input element and pass the file path.

• Locate the file input element using any of the locators like id, name, class, etc.

• Use sendKeys() method to pass the file path to the file input element.

• Click on the submit button to upload the file.

Answers to common interview questions for Selenium Automation Tester position

• Overloading is when a class has multiple methods with the same name but different parameters, while overriding is when a subclass provides a specific implementation for a method that is already defined in its superclass.

• POM (Page Object Model) is a design pattern in Selenium automation testing where web pages are represented as classes, and the web elements on the page are defined as variables within...read more

Red only is a type of constant used in Selenium to locate web elements based on their color.

• Red only is used to locate elements that have a specific color, such as a red button.

• Constants are variables that hold a fixed value and are used in Selenium to make code more readable and maintainable.

• Red only is a type of constant that holds the value 'red' and is used in conjunction with other locators, such as ID or class name.

Boundary value analysis is a software testing technique used to identify errors at boundaries of input ranges.

• It involves testing the boundaries of input ranges, including minimum, maximum, and just beyond the boundaries.

• Helps in identifying errors that may occur at the edges of input values.

• Example: If a system accepts values from 1 to 100, boundary value analysis would test inputs like 0, 1, 100, and 101.

• It is a black-box testing technique that focuses on the input domain o...read more

1) continue - skips the current iteration and continues with the next iteration in a loop. break - exits the loop immediately. 2) Maven is a build automation tool used primarily for Java projects. 3) Extent Report is a reporting library for Selenium test automation.

• continue statement is used to skip the current iteration and continue with the next iteration in a loop

• break statement is used to exit the loop immediately

• Maven is a build automation tool that manages project depen...read more

Implicit wait is a global wait applied to all elements, while explicit wait is a specific wait applied to a particular element or condition.

• Implicit wait is set once and applied to all elements in the script

• Explicit wait is set for a specific element or condition

• Implicit wait is defined at the driver level

• Explicit wait is defined at the element level

• Implicit wait is used to wait for elements to appear on the page

• Explicit wait is used to wait for a specific condition to occur

• I...read more

To perform right click using Selenium, we can use the Actions class and its contextClick() method.

• Create an instance of Actions class

• Use the contextClick() method to perform right click

• Pass the WebElement on which right click needs to be performed as argument

• Use build() and perform() methods to execute the action

There are 8 types of locators in Selenium: ID, Name, Class Name, Tag Name, Link Text, Partial Link Text, CSS Selector, XPath.

• ID - locates elements by their ID attribute

• Name - locates elements by their Name attribute

• Class Name - locates elements by their Class attribute

• Tag Name - locates elements by their HTML tag name

• Link Text - locates elements by the exact text of a link

• Partial Link Text - locates elements by a partial match of the link text

• CSS Selector - locates elements u...read more

The code takes a name as input, prints each letter separately, and identifies repeated vowels.

• Create a function that takes a string input for the name

• Iterate through each letter in the name and print it separately

• Track the vowels and check for repetitions to print repeated vowels

Collections are used to store and manipulate groups of objects. Frameworks used in Selenium automation testing include TestNG, JUnit, and Cucumber.

• Collections are used to store and manipulate groups of objects

• Frameworks used in Selenium automation testing include TestNG, JUnit, and Cucumber

To drag and drop using Selenium, we can use the Actions class and its dragAndDrop() method.

• Create an instance of Actions class

• Use the dragAndDrop() method to specify the source and target elements

• Perform the action using the build() and perform() methods

Swap pair of characters in each string of an array of strings.

• Iterate through each string in the array

• For each string, swap pairs of characters by iterating through the string with a step of 2

• Return the modified array of strings

Protractor is an end-to-end test framework for Angular and AngularJS applications.

• Protractor is built on top of WebDriverJS and uses Jasmine for test syntax.

• It is specifically designed to test Angular and AngularJS applications.

• Protractor can interact with elements on the page using locators like model, binding, repeater, etc.

• It supports both synchronous and asynchronous testing.

• Protractor can handle Angular-specific tasks like waiting for Angular to finish rendering before i...read more

Find duplicate characters in a set of strings.

• Iterate through each string in the array.

• For each string, iterate through each character and store them in a hashmap with their frequency.

• Identify characters with frequency greater than 1 as duplicates.

To extend Thread class in Java, we need to create a new class and inherit it from the Thread class.

• Create a new class and inherit it from the Thread class

• Override the run() method to define the task that the thread will perform

• Instantiate the new class and call the start() method to start the thread

Multiple inheritance is not supported in Java due to the Diamond Problem, but can be achieved using interfaces.

• Java does not support multiple inheritance of classes due to the Diamond Problem

• Multiple inheritance can be achieved in Java using interfaces

• Create multiple interfaces with desired methods and implement them in a single class

To catch exceptions, we use try-catch block in our code.

• Wrap the code that may throw an exception in a try block.

• Catch the exception in a catch block and handle it appropriately.

• Multiple catch blocks can be used to handle different types of exceptions.

• Finally block can be used to execute code regardless of whether an exception was thrown or not.

Background keyword is used to define steps that are common to all scenarios in a feature file.

• Background keyword is used to reduce code duplication in feature files.

• It is defined at the beginning of a feature file, before any scenarios.

• Steps defined in the background section are executed before each scenario in the feature file.

• It is useful for setting up preconditions or initializing data that is required for all scenarios.

• Example: Given a user is logged in, When they naviga...read more

Jenkins can be configured by installing plugins, creating jobs, setting up build triggers, and configuring global settings.

• Install necessary plugins for required functionality

• Create jobs for each project with build steps and post-build actions

• Set up build triggers such as polling or webhook

• Configure global settings such as security and email notifications

• Use Jenkinsfile for pipeline as code

• Example: Install Git plugin, create a job with build step to clone repository, set up w...read more

To read properties file, use Java Properties class. To take screenshot, use Selenium WebDriver's TakesScreenshot interface.

• To read properties file, create an object of Properties class and load the file using FileInputStream.

• To take screenshot, cast WebDriver object to TakesScreenshot and call getScreenshotAs method.

Object-oriented programming concepts are used in our framework.

• Encapsulation is used to hide implementation details and expose only necessary information.

• Inheritance is used to reuse code and create a hierarchy of classes.

• Polymorphism is used to allow objects of different classes to be treated as if they are of the same class.

• Abstraction is used to simplify complex systems by breaking them down into smaller, more manageable parts.

• Examples include creating classes for pages, e...read more

Explicit wait is defined by the user to wait for a certain condition to be met before proceeding, while implicit wait is set globally for the entire test script.

• Explicit wait is used for specific elements and conditions, like waiting for an element to be clickable or visible.

• Implicit wait is set once at the beginning of the test script and is applied to all elements, waiting for a specified amount of time before throwing an exception.

• Explicit wait provides more control and fl...read more

An interface is a contract between two entities that defines the communication between them.

• An interface defines a set of methods that a class must implement.

• It provides a way to achieve abstraction and loose coupling.

• Interfaces can be used to achieve multiple inheritance in Java.

• Example: Java's Comparable interface defines a method to compare objects.

• Example: Selenium WebDriver interface defines methods to interact with web elements.

Assert is a TestNG keyword used to verify the expected and actual results of a test case.

• Assert is used to validate the expected output of a test case

• If the expected and actual results do not match, the test case fails

• Assert can be used for various types of validations such as checking for equality, null values, exceptions, etc.

• Examples: assertEquals, assertNull, assertTrue, etc.

BDD and Cucumber are frameworks used for behavior-driven development and test automation respectively with Selenium.

• BDD is a collaborative approach to software development that involves stakeholders in the process

• Cucumber is a tool that supports BDD by allowing stakeholders to write scenarios in plain language

• Selenium is a popular tool for automating web browsers

• Cucumber can be integrated with Selenium to automate tests based on BDD scenarios

findElement returns the first matching element on the web page, while findElements returns a list of all matching elements.

• findElement returns a single WebElement matching the specified locator, while findElements returns a list of WebElements.

• findElement throws NoSuchElementException if no matching element is found, while findElements returns an empty list.

• Example: WebElement element = driver.findElement(By.id("username"));

• Example: List elements = driver.findElements(By.clas...read more

Code to read excel file in Selenium

• Use Apache POI library to read excel files in Selenium

• Create a FileInputStream object to read the excel file

• Use WorkbookFactory to create a Workbook object from the FileInputStream

• Iterate through the rows and cells of the excel sheet to read data

The second non-repetitive character is to be found in a given array of strings.

• Iterate through each character in the strings and count their occurrences

• Identify the characters that occur only once

• Return the second non-repetitive character

Java program to find the largest number in an array of strings

• Convert each string element in the array to an integer using Integer.parseInt()

• Initialize a variable to store the largest number and compare each element to update it

• Return the largest number found in the array

XPath for locating elements on MakeMyTrip application

• Use unique attributes like id, class, name, etc. to create XPath

• Avoid using indexes in XPath as they can be unreliable

• Use contains() and starts-with() functions for dynamic attributes

• Consider using parent-child relationships for complex structures

SDLC stands for Software Development Life Cycle, which is a process followed by software development teams to design, develop, and test high-quality software.

• SDLC is a structured approach to software development that involves planning, designing, building, testing, and deploying software.

• It consists of several phases, including requirements gathering, design, development, testing, deployment, and maintenance.

• Each phase has its own set of activities and deliverables, which mus...read more

Java program to reverse a number

• Convert the number to a string

• Use StringBuilder to reverse the string

• Convert the reversed string back to a number

Fluent Wait is a dynamic wait mechanism in Selenium that waits for a certain condition to be met before proceeding.

• Fluent Wait is used to define the maximum amount of time to wait for a condition, as well as the frequency with which to check the condition.

• It can be customized with different polling intervals and exceptions to ignore.

• Example: WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 10); wait.pollingEvery(Duration.ofSeconds(2)); wait.ignoring(NoSuchElementException.class...read more

HTTP error code 203 indicates that the server successfully processed the request, but is returning information that may be from another source.

• HTTP 203 is a non-standard error code that is not defined in the HTTP/1.1 standard.

• It is typically used to indicate that the server successfully processed the request, but is returning information from a different source.

• This status code is not commonly used and may not be supported by all servers or clients.