HCLTech Interview Questions, Process, and Tips for Freshers

OOPs (Object-Oriented Programming) is a programming paradigm based on the concept of 'objects', which can contain data and code.

• OOPs focuses on the use of classes and objects to organize and structure code

• Encapsulation, inheritance, and polymorphism are key concepts in OOPs

• Examples of OOPs languages include Java, C++, and Python

DBMS is a software to manage databases while RDBMS is a type of DBMS that uses a relational model.

• DBMS stands for Database Management System while RDBMS stands for Relational Database Management System.

• DBMS can manage any type of database while RDBMS uses a relational model to manage data.

• DBMS does not enforce any specific data model while RDBMS enforces a tabular data model.

• Examples of DBMS include MongoDB and Cassand...read more

Data structures are ways of organizing and storing data in a computer so that it can be accessed and used efficiently.

• There are two main types of data structures: primitive and non-primitive

• Primitive data structures include integers, floats, characters, and booleans

• Non-primitive data structures include arrays, linked lists, stacks, queues, trees, and graphs

• Each data structure has its own advantages and disadvantages de

Array is a collection of elements of same data type. Linked list is a data structure where each element points to the next one.

• Arrays have fixed size, linked lists can grow dynamically

• Arrays have constant time access, linked lists have linear time access

• Arrays are stored in contiguous memory, linked lists are stored in non-contiguous memory

• Example of array: int[] arr = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}

• Example of linked list: Node head =

Control structure refers to the way a program is organized and executed based on certain conditions.

• Control structures are used to control the flow of a program.

• They include if-else statements, loops, and switch statements.

• If-else statements allow for conditional execution of code.

• Loops allow for repeated execution of code.

• Switch statements allow for multiple possible outcomes based on a single variable.

• Proper use of c...read more

There are three types of loops in programming.

• The three types of loops are: for loop, while loop, and do-while loop.

• For loop is used when the number of iterations is known beforehand.

• While loop is used when the number of iterations is not known beforehand.

• Do-while loop is similar to while loop, but it executes at least once before checking the condition.

While loop executes only if the condition is true, do while loop executes at least once before checking the condition.

• While loop checks the condition first, then executes the code block

• Do while loop executes the code block first, then checks the condition

• While loop may not execute at all if the condition is false initially

• Do while loop always executes at least once

• While loop is a pre-test loop, do while loop is a post-

An operating system is a software that manages computer hardware and software resources.

• It acts as an interface between the user and the computer hardware.

• It provides services to applications and manages system resources.

• Examples include Windows, macOS, Linux, Android, iOS.

• It controls the allocation of memory, processing power, and input/output devices.

• It provides security and protection to the system and user data.

64bit and 32bit refer to the size of data that a processor can handle.

• 64bit processors can handle larger amounts of memory and perform faster than 32bit processors.

• 64bit processors are more efficient in handling complex calculations and running multiple applications simultaneously.

• 32bit processors are limited to 4GB of RAM and can only handle 32bit software.

• Most modern computers and operating systems are 64bit.

• Examples...read more

A network is a group of interconnected devices that can communicate and share resources.

• A network can be wired or wireless.

• Devices on a network can share files, printers, and internet access.

• Networks can be local (LAN) or wide area (WAN).

• Examples of networks include the internet, home Wi-Fi, and corporate intranets.

Types of network include LAN, WAN, MAN, WLAN, VPN, PAN, SAN, CAN, and GAN.

• LAN (Local Area Network) connects devices within a small area

• WAN (Wide Area Network) connects devices across a large geographical area

• MAN (Metropolitan Area Network) connects devices within a city or metropolitan area

• WLAN (Wireless Local Area Network) uses wireless technology to connect devices within a small area

• VPN (Virtual Private Network) all...read more