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Black box testing focuses on input-output without internal knowledge, while white box testing examines internal code structure.
Black box testing evaluates functionality without knowing the internal workings (e.g., testing a web application by checking user inputs).
White box testing requires knowledge of the code and internal logic (e.g., unit testing specific functions in a codebase).
Black box testing is often use...
A stack is a LIFO data structure, while a queue is a FIFO structure, each serving different use cases in programming.
LIFO vs FIFO: Stack follows Last In First Out (LIFO) principle, while Queue follows First In First Out (FIFO).
Stack Example: Think of a stack of plates; you add and remove plates from the top.
Queue Example: A queue is like a line at a ticket counter; the first person in line is the first to be serve...
A palindrome is a word, phrase, or sequence that reads the same backward as forward. This code checks for palindromes.
A simple palindrome check can be done using string reversal.
Example: 'racecar' is a palindrome, while 'hello' is not.
In Python, you can use slicing: s == s[::-1].
Consider ignoring spaces and punctuation for phrases.
Copying files from blob storage to a target container in CSV format involves data extraction, transformation, and loading processes.
Data Extraction: Use Azure SDK or REST API to access and download files from the source blob storage.
Data Transformation: Convert the data into CSV format, ensuring proper formatting and handling of special characters.
Data Loading: Upload the transformed CSV files to the target contai...
A collection of literals refers to a group of fixed values used in programming, such as strings, numbers, or boolean values.
Literals can be of various types: string literals (e.g., 'Hello'), numeric literals (e.g., 42), and boolean literals (e.g., true).
In programming languages, literals are often used to initialize variables, e.g., `int x = 10;` where 10 is a numeric literal.
Collections of literals can be stored ...
Moving CSV files to Spark involves loading, processing, and analyzing data efficiently using Spark's distributed computing capabilities.
Use Spark's `read.csv()` method to load CSV files into a DataFrame. Example: `df = spark.read.csv('path/to/file.csv', header=True)`.
Leverage Spark's DataFrame API for data manipulation, such as filtering and aggregating. Example: `df.filter(df['age'] > 30).show()`.
Utilize Spark...
Linear search is a simple algorithm that checks each element in a list until the desired element is found.
Iterate through each element of the array.
Compare the current element with the target value.
If a match is found, return the index of the element.
If the end of the array is reached without finding the target, return -1.
Example: Searching for 'apple' in ['banana', 'apple', 'orange'] returns index 1.
Shift all 0's in an array to the end while maintaining the order of non-zero elements.
Iterate through the array and maintain a count of non-zero elements.
Use a second pointer to place non-zero elements in their new positions.
Fill the remaining positions in the array with 0's after all non-zero elements are placed.
Example: For input [0, 1, 0, 3, 12], output should be [1, 3, 12, 0, 0].
The software test life cycle (STLC) outlines the phases of software testing from planning to closure.
1. Requirement Analysis: Understand testing requirements based on specifications.
2. Test Planning: Define the scope, resources, and schedule for testing activities.
3. Test Case Development: Create test cases and scripts based on requirements.
4. Test Environment Setup: Prepare the environment where testing will be c...
My goals include continuous learning, contributing to impactful projects, and advancing my career in software engineering.
Pursue certifications in cloud computing to enhance my skills and stay relevant in the industry.
Contribute to open-source projects to gain experience and collaborate with other developers.
Aim for a leadership role within the next five years to mentor junior engineers and drive project success.
S...
I applied via Approached by Company and was interviewed in Oct 2024. There was 1 interview round.
Interview questions for Software Engineer position covering OOPS concepts, exception handling, SOLID principles, Java 8 features, and Streams.
Abstraction in OOPS: Hiding implementation details. Example: Abstract class Shape with method draw().
Encapsulation in OOPS: Bundling data and methods that operate on the data. Example: Class Employee with private fields and public getters/setters.
Inheritance in OOPS: Reusing code...
The interview questions cover various topics related to Spring framework, REST vs SOAP, JPA repository, Feign client, circuit breaker, and Spring Security.
Spring Boot provides a simpler and faster way to set up and run Spring applications compared to traditional Spring.
Common annotations in Spring include @Controller, @Service, @Repository, @Autowired, @Component, @RequestMapping, @GetMapping, @PostMapping, @PutMapping...
I applied via Approached by Company and was interviewed in Dec 2024. There were 2 interview rounds.
Java is a popular programming language known for its platform independence and object-oriented features.
Java is platform-independent, meaning it can run on any device with a Java Virtual Machine (JVM)
Java is object-oriented, allowing for modular and reusable code
Java is known for its robust standard library, providing a wide range of pre-built functionality
Java supports multithreading, allowing for concurrent execution...
I prefer to focus on the value I can bring to the company rather than my current salary.
Emphasize your skills, experience, and qualifications instead of focusing on current salary
Discuss how your salary expectations align with the market rate for the position
Avoid disclosing specific salary figures unless necessary
I appeared for an interview in May 2025, where I was asked the following questions.
I have over 5 years of experience in software development, focusing on web applications and cloud solutions.
Developed a scalable e-commerce platform using React and Node.js, improving load times by 30%.
Led a team of 4 in migrating legacy systems to AWS, resulting in a 40% reduction in operational costs.
Implemented CI/CD pipelines using Jenkins, which decreased deployment times from hours to minutes.
Collaborated with cr...
Manual testing involves human testers executing test cases, while automation testing uses tools to execute tests automatically.
Manual testing is time-consuming and requires human intervention, e.g., exploratory testing.
Automation testing is faster and more efficient for repetitive tasks, e.g., regression testing.
Manual testing is better for usability testing, where human judgment is crucial.
Automation testing is ideal ...
Functional testing verifies that software functions according to specified requirements and performs its intended tasks.
Focuses on user requirements and functionality of the application.
Examples include testing login/logout features, data entry forms, and payment processing.
Can be performed manually or through automated testing tools.
Ensures that the software behaves as expected under various conditions.
Common techniqu...
I appeared for an interview in Apr 2025, where I was asked the following questions.
A stack is a LIFO data structure, while a queue is a FIFO structure, each serving different use cases in programming.
LIFO vs FIFO: Stack follows Last In First Out (LIFO) principle, while Queue follows First In First Out (FIFO).
Stack Example: Think of a stack of plates; you add and remove plates from the top.
Queue Example: A queue is like a line at a ticket counter; the first person in line is the first to be served.
Ope...
Threads are lightweight processes that share the same memory space, while processes are independent with their own memory allocation.
Memory Usage: Threads share the same memory space, making them more efficient in terms of memory usage compared to processes, which have separate memory.
Communication: Threads can communicate with each other more easily since they share the same memory, while processes require inter-proce...
I faced a significant challenge with a performance bottleneck in a web application, which I resolved through optimization techniques.
Identifying the Bottleneck: I used profiling tools to analyze the application and discovered that a specific API call was taking too long to respond.
Caching Strategy: Implemented a caching mechanism using Redis to store frequently accessed data, reducing the number of API calls and improv...
Working at your company offers a collaborative environment, innovative projects, and opportunities for professional growth.
Collaborative Culture: The company promotes teamwork, where developers regularly engage in code reviews and pair programming to enhance code quality.
Innovative Projects: Employees work on cutting-edge technologies, such as AI and machine learning, which keeps the work exciting and relevant.
Professi...
Django follows the Model-View-Controller (MVC) architecture pattern for organizing code.
Model: Represents the data structure and handles database operations.
View: Handles user interface logic and renders templates.
Controller: Acts as a bridge between the Model and View, processing user requests and returning responses.
I applied via Company Website
I applied via Naukri.com and was interviewed in Jul 2024. There were 2 interview rounds.
HTML, CSS, JavaScript, mongoDb nodeJs reactjs
I appeared for an interview in Feb 2025, where I was asked the following questions.
I left my last job to seek new challenges, enhance my skills, and pursue opportunities that align with my career goals.
I wanted to grow professionally and felt I had reached a plateau in my previous role.
I was looking for a company culture that aligns more closely with my values, such as innovation and collaboration.
I sought opportunities to work on more complex projects that would allow me to leverage my technical ski...
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The duration of HCLTech Software Engineer interview process can vary, but typically it takes about less than 2 weeks to complete.
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