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HAVING is used with GROUP BY to filter groups, WHERE is used to filter rows
HAVING is used with GROUP BY clause to filter the groups based on aggregate functions
WHERE is used to filter rows based on conditions
HAVING is applied after the GROUP BY clause, WHERE is applied before
HAVING can only be used with SELECT statement that contains a GROUP BY clause
Example: SELECT department, AVG(salary) FROM employees GROUP BY ...
WFM (Workforce Management) plays a crucial role in optimizing staffing levels, forecasting workloads, and scheduling employees to meet business needs.
Optimizing staffing levels to ensure efficient use of resources
Forecasting workloads to anticipate busy periods and adjust staffing accordingly
Scheduling employees based on forecasted workloads and business needs
Monitoring and analyzing real-time data to make adjustm...
RAG evaluation framework is a method used to assess and categorize project risks based on their severity.
RAG stands for Red, Amber, Green which represent high, medium, and low levels of risk respectively
It helps in prioritizing risks and allocating resources accordingly
Red indicates critical risks that require immediate attention and action
Amber signifies risks that need monitoring and mitigation
Green represents r...
Chunking strategy involves breaking down a large piece of information into smaller, more manageable chunks.
Chunking helps in improving memory retention by organizing information into meaningful groups.
It is commonly used in data processing to divide large datasets into smaller subsets for easier analysis.
For example, in natural language processing, chunking is used to identify and group together words or phrases b...
Vector indexing refers to accessing elements in a vector using their position or index.
Vectors are one-dimensional arrays that store elements of the same type.
Indexing starts at 0 in most programming languages, e.g., vector[0] accesses the first element.
Negative indexing can be used in some languages to access elements from the end, e.g., vector[-1] for the last element.
Slicing allows accessing a range of elements...
Hadoop architecture is a framework for distributed storage and processing of large data sets across clusters of computers.
Hadoop consists of HDFS for storage and MapReduce for processing.
It follows a master-slave architecture with a single NameNode and multiple DataNodes.
Data is stored in blocks across multiple DataNodes for fault tolerance and scalability.
MapReduce processes data in parallel across the cluster fo...
Spark architecture refers to the structure and components of Apache Spark, a distributed computing framework.
Spark architecture includes components like Driver, Executors, and Cluster Manager.
Driver is responsible for converting user code into tasks and scheduling them on Executors.
Executors are responsible for executing tasks and storing data in memory or disk.
Cluster Manager is responsible for managing resources...
R square measures the proportion of variance explained by the independent variables, while adjusted R square penalizes for adding unnecessary variables.
R square increases as more variables are added, even if they are not significant
Adjusted R square increases only if the added variable improves the model more than would be expected by chance
Adjusted R square is always lower than R square
Adjusted R square is a bett...
A router is a networking device that forwards data packets between computer networks.
Routes data packets between different networks
Acts as a gateway for devices to connect to the internet
Provides security by blocking unauthorized access
Allows for network segmentation and traffic control
Examples: Cisco, Netgear, TP-Link routers
An operating system is software that manages computer hardware and provides services for computer programs.
Manages computer hardware resources
Provides services for computer programs
Examples: Windows, macOS, Linux
I appeared for an interview in Apr 2025, where I was asked the following questions.
Data scientist with a strong background in statistics, machine learning, and data visualization, passionate about solving complex problems.
Educational Background: Master's degree in Data Science from XYZ University.
Technical Skills: Proficient in Python, R, SQL, and machine learning libraries like TensorFlow and Scikit-learn.
Professional Experience: Worked at ABC Corp, where I developed predictive models that improved ...
LangChain enhances RAG projects by streamlining data retrieval and processing for improved AI model performance.
Facilitates integration of various data sources, such as APIs and databases, for seamless information retrieval.
Enables efficient document processing and indexing, allowing for quick access to relevant data.
Supports the creation of custom pipelines for data transformation, enhancing the quality of input for A...
LangGraph is a library for building AI agents that can understand and generate natural language.
LangGraph allows for the creation of conversational agents that can engage in dialogue.
It supports various natural language processing tasks, such as sentiment analysis and text summarization.
Example: Using LangGraph to build a chatbot that can answer customer queries in real-time.
The library integrates with machine learning...
I have utilized various models like CNNs, transfer learning, and segmentation techniques for diverse computer vision projects.
Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) for image classification tasks, e.g., classifying images of animals.
Transfer learning with pre-trained models like VGG16 and ResNet for fine-tuning on specific datasets, such as facial recognition.
Object detection using YOLO (You Only Look Once) for real-time...
Deployment of ML/DL models involves integrating them into production systems for real-time predictions and decision-making.
Model Serving: Use frameworks like TensorFlow Serving or TorchServe to expose models as APIs.
Containerization: Deploy models using Docker to ensure consistency across environments.
Monitoring: Implement tools like Prometheus or Grafana to track model performance and data drift.
Scaling: Use cloud ser...
I'm seeking new challenges to grow my skills and contribute to innovative projects in a dynamic environment.
Desire for professional growth: I'm eager to expand my expertise in machine learning and data analysis.
Interest in innovative projects: I want to work on cutting-edge technologies, such as AI and big data solutions.
Cultural fit: I'm looking for a collaborative environment that values creativity and teamwork.
Caree...
Fine-tuning adjusts pre-trained models to improve performance on specific tasks or datasets.
Enhances model accuracy by adapting to specific data distributions.
Reduces overfitting by leveraging knowledge from pre-trained models.
Saves time and resources compared to training from scratch.
Example: Fine-tuning a language model for sentiment analysis on product reviews.
Allows for transfer learning, where knowledge from one d...
LSTM (Long Short-Term Memory) is a type of recurrent neural network designed to learn long-term dependencies in sequential data.
LSTMs are used in natural language processing for tasks like language translation and sentiment analysis.
They can remember information for long periods, making them suitable for time series forecasting.
LSTMs mitigate the vanishing gradient problem common in traditional RNNs.
An example applicat...
Normal LSTM processes data in one direction, while bi-directional LSTM processes data in both forward and backward directions.
Normal LSTM reads input sequences from start to end, capturing temporal dependencies in one direction.
Bi-directional LSTM consists of two LSTMs: one processes the input sequence forward, and the other processes it backward.
This dual processing allows bi-directional LSTMs to capture context from ...
Train a sentence classification model using labeled data, feature extraction, and machine learning algorithms.
Collect a labeled dataset of sentences with corresponding categories (e.g., positive, negative, neutral).
Preprocess the text data: tokenize, remove stop words, and apply stemming or lemmatization.
Convert sentences into numerical features using techniques like TF-IDF or word embeddings (e.g., Word2Vec, GloVe).
Sp...
Create a dictionary from a list where keys are unique numbers and values are their counts.
Use Python's built-in collections module, specifically Counter, to simplify counting occurrences.
Example: For the list [1, 2, 2, 3], the output should be {1: 1, 2: 2, 3: 1}.
Alternatively, use a loop to iterate through the list and build the dictionary manually.
Imbalanced datasets can skew model performance; various techniques can help mitigate this issue.
Resampling techniques: Use oversampling (e.g., SMOTE) or undersampling to balance classes.
Use different evaluation metrics: Focus on precision, recall, and F1-score instead of accuracy.
Implement cost-sensitive learning: Assign higher misclassification costs to minority class instances.
Try ensemble methods: Techniques like Ra...
I'm seeking a competitive salary, flexible location, and a notice period of two weeks.
Salary expectations: Based on market research, I expect a salary in the range of $90,000 to $120,000, depending on the role and responsibilities.
Preferred location: I am open to remote work but would prefer a hybrid model with occasional office visits in New York or San Francisco.
Notice period: I am currently employed and would need t...
Implementing a sorting algorithm in Python to sort a list of numbers without using built-in functions.
Use the Bubble Sort algorithm: repeatedly swap adjacent elements if they are in the wrong order.
Example: For the list [5, 2, 9, 1], after one pass it becomes [2, 5, 1, 9].
Consider using the Selection Sort algorithm: find the minimum element and swap it with the first unsorted element.
Example: For the list [64, 25, 12, ...
I appeared for an interview in Jun 2025, where I was asked the following questions.
I applied via Recruitment Consulltant and was interviewed in Nov 2024. There were 4 interview rounds.
posted on 21 Feb 2025
I appeared for an interview in Jan 2025.
About previous experience assignments
I gained valuable experience in operations management, enhancing efficiency and team collaboration at my previous company.
Led a team of 15 in streamlining daily operations, resulting in a 20% increase in productivity.
Implemented a new inventory management system that reduced stock discrepancies by 30%.
Conducted regular training sessions to improve team skills, which boosted employee satisfaction scores by 15%.
Collabora...
I applied via Campus Placement
Basic Aptitude, time and distance, time and work, basic class 10 maths
I have held multiple positions of responsibility in my previous roles, including leading project teams and managing client relationships.
Led a project team to successfully implement a new software system
Managed client relationships and ensured customer satisfaction
Served as a mentor to junior team members and provided guidance on complex projects
Estimating daily flights at Mumbai Airport involves analyzing passenger traffic, flight schedules, and operational capacity.
Mumbai Airport (Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj International Airport) is one of the busiest in India.
Assume an average of 40-50 flights per hour during peak times.
If the airport operates for 24 hours, that could mean 960-1200 flights daily.
Consider both domestic and international flights, with a high...
I am a suitable candidate for the Business analyst role at EXL due to my strong analytical skills, experience in data analysis, and ability to drive business insights.
I have a strong background in data analysis and have successfully implemented data-driven strategies in my previous roles.
I possess excellent analytical skills which enable me to interpret complex data and provide valuable insights for decision-making.
I h...
The type of account refers to the classification of accounts based on their nature and purpose.
There are five main types of accounts: assets, liabilities, equity, revenue, and expenses.
Assets are resources owned by the company, such as cash, inventory, and equipment.
Liabilities are obligations owed by the company, such as loans and accounts payable.
Equity represents the owner's stake in the business.
Revenue is the inco...
Bank reconciliation is the process of comparing and matching the balances in a company's accounting records with the balances on its bank statement.
Bank reconciliation helps ensure that all transactions are recorded accurately in the company's books.
It involves comparing the company's records of its bank account with the bank statement to identify any discrepancies.
Common reasons for discrepancies include outstanding c...
Tangible assets are physical assets that can be seen and touched.
Real estate
Machinery
Vehicles
Inventory
Furniture and fixtures
Current assets are assets that are expected to be converted into cash or used up within one year.
Includes cash, accounts receivable, inventory, and prepaid expenses
Listed on the balance sheet under assets
Helps determine a company's liquidity and ability to pay off short-term obligations
The gold rule of accounting states that debits must equal credits in every financial transaction.
Debits must always equal credits in accounting entries
It is the foundation of double-entry accounting
Helps ensure accuracy and balance in financial records
I applied via Walk-in and was interviewed in Oct 2024. There were 3 interview rounds.
Basic Journal entries and accounting concepts.
Difference between concepts
Concepts are abstract ideas while differences are distinctions between two or more things
Concepts are generalizations while differences are specific details
Examples: Concept of love vs. differences in love languages
I appeared for an interview in Sep 2024.
They asked various questions on guestimates and few SQL Questions
I applied via Walk-in and was interviewed in Jul 2024. There were 3 interview rounds.
After your clearing first round they will provide you SHL assessment link. You have to complete within the time. It have 5 sections namely English Grammar, Reasoning, Maths, Assay writing, Typing test. Very easy level questions.
Experienced Senior Executive Operations with a proven track record of optimizing processes and driving efficiency.
Over 10 years of experience in operations management
Successfully implemented cost-saving measures resulting in a 20% increase in profitability
Led cross-functional teams to streamline workflows and improve productivity
Strong background in strategic planning and project management
Overseeing daily operations, managing staff, ensuring efficiency and productivity.
Managing and coordinating daily operations
Supervising staff and ensuring they meet performance goals
Implementing strategies to improve efficiency and productivity
Monitoring and analyzing operational metrics
Collaborating with other departments to achieve organizational goals
Yes, I am willing to work in night shifts as required for the role.
I am flexible with my working hours and understand the demands of the role.
I have previous experience working night shifts and can adapt to the schedule.
I prioritize the job requirements over personal preferences for working hours.
Yes, I am currently serving my notice period which ends on [last working day].
Yes, I am serving my notice period.
My last working day is [date].
Experienced Senior Executive Operations with a proven track record of optimizing processes and driving efficiency.
Over 10 years of experience in operations management
Successfully implemented cost-saving initiatives resulting in 20% reduction in expenses
Led cross-functional teams to streamline workflow and improve productivity
I was the Director of Operations at a multinational technology company.
Led a team of 50+ employees in managing day-to-day operations
Implemented efficiency strategies to streamline processes and reduce costs
Collaborated with cross-functional teams to ensure smooth operations
Developed and monitored key performance indicators to track progress
Managed vendor relationships and negotiated contracts
Seeking new challenges and opportunities for growth.
Desire for career advancement
Limited opportunities for growth in previous company
Seeking new challenges and experiences
I want to join EXL because of its reputation for innovation and growth in the industry.
Excited about the opportunity to work for a company known for its innovative solutions
Impressed by EXL's track record of growth and success in the industry
Looking forward to contributing my skills and experience to a dynamic and forward-thinking organization
I have a proven track record of successfully leading operations teams, improving efficiency, and driving results.
Extensive experience in operations management
Strong leadership skills
Track record of improving efficiency and driving results
Ability to strategize and implement effective operational plans
I am committed to my current role at EXL and would only consider leaving if the new opportunity aligns with my career goals and values.
I am dedicated to my current role at EXL and would only consider leaving if the new opportunity offers significant growth potential.
I would carefully evaluate the new opportunity to ensure it aligns with my career goals and values before making a decision.
If the new opportunity provides...
My last CTC was $150,000 and my expected CTC is $180,000.
Last CTC: $150,000
Expected CTC: $180,000
I can join within 2 weeks of receiving the offer.
I will need to provide a 2-week notice to my current employer.
I may need some time to relocate if the position is in a different city.
I will need to finalize any pending projects before leaving my current job.
I bring a blend of leadership, strategic vision, and operational expertise to excel as Associate Vice President.
Proven track record in leading cross-functional teams to achieve organizational goals, such as increasing departmental efficiency by 20%.
Strong background in strategic planning, demonstrated by successfully launching a new product line that generated $5M in revenue within the first year.
Experience in stakehol...
I am very comfortable with commuting to Noida.
I have been commuting to Noida for the past 5 years and am familiar with the routes.
I am open to using public transportation or driving my own vehicle for the commute.
I have researched the commute times and am prepared for any potential delays.
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The duration of EXL Service interview process can vary, but typically it takes about less than 2 weeks to complete.
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