Cognizant Interview Questions, Process, and Tips

Q1. What is the use of CIS role?
Ans. 
The CIS role is used to ensure that an organization's information systems and technology infrastructure are secure, efficient, and aligned with business goals.
• Implementing and managing security measures to protect the organization's data and systems

• Ensuring compliance with regulations and industry standards

• Analyzing and optimizing technology infrastructure to improve performance and cost-effectiveness

• Providing technica...read more
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Q2. Differentiate between RAM and ROM.
Ans. 
RAM is volatile memory used for temporary storage while ROM is non-volatile memory used for permanent storage.
• RAM stands for Random Access Memory and is used for temporary storage of data and program instructions.

• ROM stands for Read-Only Memory and is used for permanent storage of data and program instructions.

• RAM is volatile, meaning it loses its data when the power is turned off, while ROM is non-volatile and retains...read more
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It was based on quantitative and cognitive round.

SQL, Java/Python/C# coding questions and machine coding round

Q1. Tell me about yourself.
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Q2. Explain semantic HTML
Ans. 
Semantic HTML is using HTML elements to give meaning to the content, rather than just for styling purposes.
• Semantic HTML helps improve accessibility for users with disabilities by providing context and structure to the content.

• It also improves SEO as search engines can better understand the content and rank it appropriately.

• Examples of semantic HTML elements include <header>, <nav>, <article>, <sec...read more
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Q3. Why are you willing to join Cognizant?
Ans. 
I am willing to join Cognizant because of its reputation for innovation and growth opportunities.
• Cognizant is known for its innovative solutions in the IT industry

• The company offers a wide range of opportunities for career growth and development

• I am impressed by Cognizant's commitment to diversity and inclusion in the workplace
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Q1. What is Node Js
Ans. 
Node.js is a runtime environment that allows you to run JavaScript code outside of a web browser.
• Node.js is built on Chrome's V8 JavaScript engine.

• It uses an event-driven, non-blocking I/O model that makes it lightweight and efficient.

• Node.js is commonly used for building server-side applications and APIs.

• It has a large ecosystem of open-source libraries and frameworks, such as Express.js.
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Q2. What is middleware
Ans. 
Middleware is a software component that acts as a bridge between an application's request and response.
• Middleware functions have access to the request and response objects

• They can modify the request and response objects

• Middleware can be used for tasks like authentication, logging, error handling, etc.
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Q3. What is promise
Ans. 
A promise is an object representing the eventual completion or failure of an asynchronous operation.
• Promises are used to handle asynchronous operations in JavaScript.

• They can be in one of three states: pending, fulfilled, or rejected.

• Promises can be chained using .then() to handle success and .catch() to handle errors.

• Example: new Promise((resolve, reject) => { setTimeout(() => resolve('Done!'), 1000); });
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Q4. What is promise.all
Ans. 
promise.all is a method in JavaScript that takes an array of promises and returns a single promise that resolves when all of the input promises have resolved.
• Used to handle multiple asynchronous operations at once

• Returns a single promise that resolves when all input promises have resolved

• If any of the input promises is rejected, the returned promise is rejected with the reason of the first rejected promise
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Q5. What is callback
Ans. 
A callback is a function passed as an argument to another function to be executed later.
• Callbacks are commonly used in asynchronous programming to handle tasks that take time to complete.

• They are often used in event handling, timers, and AJAX requests.

• Callbacks can be synchronous or asynchronous, depending on when they are executed.

• Example: setTimeout(callback, 1000) will execute the callback function after 1 second.
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Q1. It all about your communication skills
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Q1. Aptitude and coding
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Q1. Difference between list and tuple
Ans. 
List is mutable and tuple is immutable in Python.
• List can be modified after creation, tuple cannot

• List uses square brackets [], tuple uses parentheses ()

• List is used for collections of items that may change, tuple for fixed collections
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Q2. What error do you get if you break immutablity?
Ans. 
Attempting to modify an immutable object will result in a compilation error or runtime exception.
• Attempting to modify a string literal will result in a compilation error.

• Trying to modify elements of an immutable list like ImmutableList in Java will throw an UnsupportedOperationException.

• Modifying a frozen set in Python will raise a TypeError.
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