Capgemini Interview Questions, Process, and Tips

Identify first occurrences of vowels in a string and return their indices along with count.

• Loop through the string and check if each character is a vowel (a, e, i, o, u)

• Store the index of the first occurrence of each vowel in a separate array

• Return the array of indices and the count of indices

Calculate the difference between two integers and find how many numbers within that difference are divisible by 3.

• Calculate the absolute difference between the two integers

• Iterate through the range of numbers within the difference and check if each number is divisible by 3

• Keep a count of numbers divisible by 3

Content negotiation in ASP .Net Web API allows clients to request data in different formats like JSON, XML, etc.

• Content negotiation is the process of selecting the best representation for a given response when there are multiple representations available.

• In ASP .Net Web API, content negotiation is handled by the MediaTypeFormatter class which selects the appropriate formatter based on the request headers.

• Clients can sp...read more

Git conflicts can be resolved by merging changes, resolving conflicts manually, and using tools like Git mergetool.

• Merge changes from the conflicting branches

• Resolve conflicts manually by editing the conflicting files

• Use Git mergetool to help resolve conflicts

• Commit the resolved changes after resolving conflicts

Static constructor is used to initialize static data members of a class.

• Executed only once when the class is first accessed

• Cannot have any access modifiers or parameters

• Used to initialize static variables or perform any necessary setup tasks

To invoke methods from two interfaces with same method names, use explicit interface implementation.

• Use explicit interface implementation to differentiate between the methods from each interface.

• Specify the interface name followed by the method name to invoke the desired method.

• Example: InterfaceA.Method() and InterfaceB.Method() to invoke methods from InterfaceA and InterfaceB respectively.

Count the occurrence of each character in a given string.

• Iterate through the string and use a hashmap to store the count of each character.

• Handle both uppercase and lowercase characters separately.

• Consider using ASCII values to map characters to their respective counts.

Rest is lightweight, WCF is feature-rich. Rest uses HTTP, WCF uses SOAP. Rest is platform-independent, WCF is Microsoft-centric.

• Rest is lightweight and simple to use, making it ideal for web services. WCF is feature-rich and provides more advanced capabilities.

• Rest uses HTTP for communication, making it easier to work with in web environments. WCF uses SOAP, which can be more complex and heavyweight.

• Rest is platform-in...read more

Microservices communicate with each other through APIs, messaging queues, and service discovery.

• APIs: Microservices can communicate with each other by exposing APIs that allow them to send and receive data.

• Messaging queues: Microservices can use messaging queues like RabbitMQ or Kafka to send messages to each other asynchronously.

• Service discovery: Microservices can use service discovery tools like Consul or Eureka to ...read more

Clustered index physically orders the data rows in the table, while non-clustered index does not.

• Clustered index determines the physical order of data rows in the table.

• Non-clustered index is a separate structure that contains pointers to the actual data rows.

• Clustered index is faster for retrieval of data in the order of the index key.

• Non-clustered index is faster for retrieval of data not in the order of the index ke

Java 8 introduced static and default methods in interfaces, allowing for method implementation and code reusability.

• Java 8 introduced static methods in interfaces, allowing for method implementation directly in the interface itself.

• Default methods were also introduced in Java 8, enabling interfaces to have method implementations without affecting implementing classes.

• Static methods in interfaces can be called using the...read more

HashMap is a data structure that stores key-value pairs and uses hashing to efficiently retrieve values.

• HashMap uses an array of linked lists to store key-value pairs.

• When a key-value pair is added, the key is hashed to determine the index in the array where it will be stored.

• If multiple keys hash to the same index, a linked list is used to handle collisions.

• To synchronize a HashMap, you can use the synchronizedMap() m...read more

No, the program will not compile if the parent class throws a runtime exception while the child class throws an arithmetic exception.

• In Java, if a parent class method throws a checked exception, the child class method can only throw the same exception or its subclasses.

• ArithmeticException is an unchecked exception, so if the parent class throws a checked exception and the child class throws an unchecked exception, the ...read more

Configure JDBC in Spring Boot to specify which database to use

• Define multiple DataSource beans in the configuration class

• Use @Primary annotation to specify the primary DataSource

• Use @Qualifier annotation to specify the secondary DataSource

• Inject the DataSource beans where needed in the application

To use a Jetty server in a Spring Boot application, you can configure it as a dependency and customize its settings.

• Add Jetty server dependency in your pom.xml file

• Exclude Tomcat server dependency if it's included by default in Spring Boot

• Configure Jetty server settings in application.properties or application.yml file

• Example: Add Jetty dependency - <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId...read more

RequestParam is used to extract query parameters from the URL, while PathVariable is used to extract values from the URI path.

• RequestParam is used for query parameters in the URL, while PathVariable is used for values in the URI path.

• RequestParam is optional, while PathVariable is required.

• RequestParam is used with the @RequestParam annotation, while PathVariable is used with the @PathVariable annotation.

• Example: @Requ...read more

I would implement timeout mechanisms and retries to handle the scenario of one microservice awaiting a response from another microservice taking an extended time.

• Implement timeout mechanisms in the calling microservice to limit the waiting time for a response.

• Set up retry logic to automatically resend the request to the slow microservice if no response is received within the specified timeout period.

• Use circuit breaker...read more

SOLID principles in Java focus on object-oriented design principles. Java 8 features like lambdas and streams adhere to these principles.

• S - Single Responsibility Principle: Java 8 lambdas allow for defining single-purpose functions.

• O - Open/Closed Principle: Java 8 streams enable extending behavior without modifying existing code.

• L - Liskov Substitution Principle: Java 8 interfaces support polymorphism and substitutio...read more

A Singleton class in Java ensures that only one instance of the class is created and provides a global point of access to it.

• Use a private static instance variable to hold the single instance of the class.

• Make the constructor private to prevent instantiation from outside the class.

• Provide a public static method to access the single instance, creating it if necessary.

A controller is a component in the Model-View-Controller (MVC) design pattern that handles user input and updates the model and view accordingly.

• Controls the flow of the application

• Interacts with the model to update data

• Receives input from the user and processes it

• Updates the view based on changes in the model

• Examples: Spring MVC Controller, JavaFX Controller

Code to print unique elements from an array of strings

• Create a HashSet to store unique elements

• Iterate through the array and add elements to the HashSet

• Print out the elements in the HashSet to get unique elements

Code to find the second largest element in an array

• Iterate through the array and keep track of the largest and second largest elements

• Initialize variables to store the largest and second largest elements

• Compare each element with the largest and second largest elements and update accordingly

Hash collision occurs when two different inputs produce the same hash value. hashCode() and equals() methods are from Object class.

• Hash collision can occur when two different objects have the same hash code value.

• hashCode() method is used to get the hash code value of an object.

• equals() method is used to compare two objects for equality.

Circuit breaker is a design pattern used to prevent cascading failures in distributed systems.

• Circuit breaker monitors for failures and trips when a threshold is reached

• It then redirects calls to a fallback mechanism to prevent further failures

• Once the system stabilizes, the circuit breaker can be reset to allow normal operation

ControllerAdvice in Spring Boot is used for global exception handling in RESTful APIs.

• Create a class annotated with @ControllerAdvice

• Use @ExceptionHandler to define methods to handle specific exceptions

• Use @RestControllerAdvice for returning JSON responses

I have over 10 years of experience in designing and implementing complex software systems.

• Designed and implemented scalable software solutions for various clients

• Led a team of developers in delivering projects on time and within budget

• Worked closely with stakeholders to gather requirements and ensure customer satisfaction

I have used tools such as ANSYS, Abaqus, and SolidWorks Simulation for performing finite element analysis (FEA).

• ANSYS

• Abaqus

• SolidWorks Simulation

Basic knowledge of strength of materials and finite element method (FEM) is essential for analyzing structural behavior and designing components.

• Understanding of stress, strain, and material properties is crucial in analyzing the behavior of materials under different loading conditions.

• Knowledge of FEM helps in simulating complex structures and predicting their response to various loads.

• Ability to interpret FEM results...read more

SFD and BMD for cantilever beams of two different materials under point load P at free end

• Calculate reactions at the fixed end of the beam

• Determine the shear force at different points along the beam by considering the applied load and reactions

• Draw the SFD by plotting the shear force values against the beam length

• Calculate the bending moment at different points along the beam using the shear force values

• Draw the BMD by...read more

Static analysis is a software testing technique used to analyze code without executing it.

• Identify potential bugs and security vulnerabilities in the code

• Ensure code quality and adherence to coding standards

• Help in detecting performance issues and memory leaks

• Examples: linting tools like ESLint, static code analyzers like SonarQube

Implementing an explicit wait in Selenium using WebDriverWait class

• Import WebDriverWait class from Selenium

• Specify the maximum time to wait and the polling interval

• Use ExpectedConditions to define the condition to wait for

• Apply the wait to a specific element or the entire page

Implementing a Robot class in Java

• Create a Robot class with attributes like name, batteryLevel, etc.

• Include methods for moving, turning, and charging the robot

• Use inheritance if needed for different types of robots

To locate the Xpath for the 'Today's Deal' menu item on Amazon, inspect the element using browser developer tools.

• Open the Amazon website and right-click on the 'Today's Deal' menu item.

• Select 'Inspect' to open the browser developer tools.

• Look for the HTML code corresponding to the 'Today's Deal' menu item.

• Right-click on the HTML code and choose 'Copy' > 'Copy XPath'.

• The copied XPath can be used to locate the 'Today

str1 will be stored in the string pool while str2 will be stored in the heap memory.

• str1 will be stored in the string pool, which is a part of the heap memory.

• str2 will create a new String object in the heap memory, separate from the string pool.

str1==str2 compares the memory addresses of the two strings, while str1.equals(str2) compares the actual contents of the strings.

• str1==str2 checks if the two string variables point to the same memory location.

• str1.equals(str2) compares the actual characters in the strings for equality.

• Example: String str1 = "hello"; String str2 = "hello"; str1==str2 will return false, but str1.equals(str2) will return true.

401 - Unauthorized, 502 - Bad Gateway

• 401 status code indicates that the request requires user authentication

• 502 status code indicates that the server received an invalid response from an upstream server

Print first 4 and last 4 letters of a given string

• Use string slicing to extract the first 4 letters: str[:4]

• Use string slicing to extract the last 4 letters: str[-4:]

HashMap is unordered, uses hashing for key-value pairs. TreeMap is ordered, uses Red-Black tree for key-value pairs.

• HashMap uses hashing to store key-value pairs, allowing for O(1) retrieval time on average.

• TreeMap uses Red-Black tree to store key-value pairs, maintaining order based on keys.

• HashMap allows one null key and multiple null values, while TreeMap does not allow null keys.

• Example: HashMap<String, Integer&...read more

Eureka Server is a service registry for microservices in a cloud environment.

• Eureka Server is part of Netflix OSS and allows microservices to register themselves and discover other services.

• It helps in load balancing and failover of services by keeping track of available instances.

• Eureka Server uses a REST API for communication between services and the server.

• Example: Microservices A, B, and C register themselves with ...read more

Exception handling in SpringBoot involves using @ExceptionHandler, @ControllerAdvice, and global exception handling.

• Use @ExceptionHandler annotation in controller classes to handle specific exceptions.

• Use @ControllerAdvice annotation to define global exception handling for all controllers.

• Implement a custom exception handler class to handle exceptions globally.

• Use ResponseEntity to return custom error messages and stat...read more

Calculate average salary of employees in each department using Java 8 Stream.

• Use Java 8 Stream to group employees by department

• Calculate average salary for each department using Stream's 'collect' method

• Use 'Collectors.averagingDouble' to calculate average salary

Circuit Breaker is a design pattern used in software development to prevent cascading failures in distributed systems.

• Circuit Breaker monitors the health of a service and stops sending requests if the service is not responding properly.

• It helps in improving the resilience of the system by providing a fallback mechanism when a service is down.

• Circuit Breaker can be configured with thresholds for error rates or response ...read more

Docker is a platform for developing, shipping, and running applications in containers. Kubernetes is an open-source system for automating deployment, scaling, and management of containerized applications.

• Docker allows developers to package applications and dependencies into containers for easy deployment and scalability.

• Kubernetes helps in automating the deployment, scaling, and management of containerized applications...read more