100+ Test Engineer Interview Questions and Answers for Freshers

A Test Engineer should know the difference between quality control and quality assurance, the importance of software testing, its categories, and types of manual testing.

• Quality control is the process of identifying defects in the final product, while quality assurance is the process of preventing defects from occurring in the first place.

• Software testing is the process of evaluating a software product to detect differences between existing and required conditions and to eval...read more

A string is a sequence of characters. To make 'Zycus' string to 'Zycus Infotech' in Java, concatenate the two strings.

• Use the '+' operator to concatenate the two strings.

• Create a new string variable and assign the concatenated value to it.

• Example: String str1 = 'Zycus'; String str2 = ' Infotech'; String result = str1 + str2;

Defect leakage can be handled by identifying the root cause, fixing the issue, and implementing preventive measures.

• Identify the root cause of the defect leakage

• Fix the issue causing the defect leakage

• Implement preventive measures to avoid future defect leakage

• Conduct thorough testing to ensure the defect has been resolved

• Communicate the resolution and preventive measures to the team and stakeholders

Analog communication uses continuous signals while digital communication uses discrete signals.

• Analog communication uses continuous signals to transmit information while digital communication uses discrete signals.

• Analog communication is based on the variation of continuous physical quantities like voltage, current, or frequency, while digital communication is based on binary code.

• Analog communication is more susceptible to noise and interference, while digital communication ...read more

Performance testing focuses on evaluating the speed, responsiveness, and stability of a system, while performance engineering involves optimizing the system for better performance.

• Performance testing is a subset of performance engineering.

• Performance testing measures the system's performance under specific conditions.

• Performance engineering includes analyzing, designing, and implementing improvements to enhance performance.

• Performance testing identifies bottlenecks and issues...read more

Modulation is the process of varying a carrier signal's properties to transmit information.

• Modulation is used to transfer information through a carrier signal.

• It involves varying one or more properties of the carrier signal.

• Types of modulation include amplitude modulation (AM), frequency modulation (FM), and phase modulation (PM).

• AM modulates the carrier signal's amplitude to encode information.

• FM modulates the carrier signal's frequency to encode information.

• PM modulates the...read more

Testing methods / stages include unit testing, integration testing, system testing, acceptance testing, and regression testing.

• Unit testing: testing individual units or components of the software

• Integration testing: testing how different units or components work together

• System testing: testing the entire system as a whole

• Acceptance testing: testing to ensure the software meets the requirements and is ready for release

• Regression testing: testing to ensure that changes or updat...read more

I have played a variety of games as a Test Engineer, including mobile games, PC games, console games, and virtual reality games.

• Mobile games: Testing games on iOS and Android devices for functionality, performance, and compatibility.

• PC games: Testing games on desktop computers for bugs, glitches, and overall gameplay experience.

• Console games: Testing games on gaming consoles like PlayStation, Xbox, and Nintendo for graphics, controls, and user interface.

• Virtual reality games:...read more

To enhance user experience in the game, consider adding more interactive elements, improving graphics and sound effects, optimizing performance, and implementing user feedback mechanisms.

• Add more interactive elements such as mini-games, puzzles, or challenges to keep users engaged.

• Improve graphics and sound effects to create a more immersive gaming experience.

• Optimize performance by reducing loading times, fixing bugs, and enhancing overall gameplay smoothness.

• Implement user ...read more

Method Overloading is creating multiple methods with the same name but different parameters. Method Overriding is creating a new implementation of an existing method in a subclass.

• Method Overloading is used to provide different ways to call the same method with different parameters.

• Method Overriding is used to provide a new implementation of an existing method in a subclass.

• Method Overloading is resolved at compile-time based on the number and type of arguments passed.

• Method ...read more

To select a box using Selenium, we can use the findElement() method with appropriate locator strategies.

• Identify the element using a unique locator such as ID, name, class name, etc.

• Use the findElement() method to locate the element on the web page.

• Perform actions on the element using various methods such as click(), sendKeys(), etc.

• Example: WebElement checkbox = driver.findElement(By.id("checkbox_id")); checkbox.click();

Static, super, and final are Java keywords used for different purposes.

• Static keyword is used to create class-level variables and methods.

• Super keyword is used to call the parent class constructor or method.

• Final keyword is used to create constants or prevent method or class overriding.

Protected internal access modifier allows access to members within the same assembly or derived classes.

• Can be applied to methods, properties, fields, and events

• Access is limited to the current assembly or derived classes

• Used when you want to restrict access to certain members within the same assembly or derived classes

• Example: protected internal int age = 25; // can be accessed within the same assembly or derived classes

Software testing ensures quality and reliability of software. QC methods include functional, performance, and security testing.

• Software testing is the process of evaluating a software product to ensure it meets the specified requirements and quality standards

• Functional testing checks if the software meets the functional requirements

• Performance testing checks if the software performs well under different loads and stress

• Security testing checks if the software is secure from ex...read more

I play a variety of games including puzzle games, strategy games, and role-playing games.

• I enjoy playing puzzle games like Sudoku and Tetris, which require logical thinking and problem-solving skills.

• I also like strategy games such as Civilization and Age of Empires, where I have to plan and strategize to achieve victory.

• Role-playing games like The Witcher and Skyrim are another favorite genre of mine, as they allow me to immerse myself in a rich and detailed virtual world.

• In...read more

Java is platform-independent, object-oriented language while C++ is a high-level, general-purpose language with low-level features.

• Java is platform-independent, meaning it can run on any device with Java Virtual Machine (JVM) installed.

• C++ is a high-level language with low-level features, allowing for more control over hardware resources.

• Java is object-oriented, focusing on objects and classes for programming.

• C++ supports both procedural and object-oriented programming paradi...read more

A use case diagram is a visual representation of the interactions between users and a system, showing the various use cases and actors involved.

• Use case diagrams are typically utilized in software development to capture the functional requirements of a system.

• They help in identifying the different ways users can interact with the system and the various scenarios that can occur.

• Use case diagrams show the relationships between actors (users) and use cases, helping in understand...read more

Answering questions related to bug tracking tools, SDLC, STLC, types of testing, and testing techniques.

• Bug tracking tools are used to track and manage bugs found during testing.

• SDLC (Software Development Life Cycle) is the process of developing software from planning to deployment.

• STLC (Software Testing Life Cycle) is the process of testing software from planning to release.

• Types of testing include functional, performance, security, usability, and more.

• Testing techniques inc...read more

Overloading in OOP allows multiple methods with same name but different parameters.

• Overloading is achieved by changing the number, type or order of parameters

• Return type of the methods does not matter in overloading

• Example: void print(int a), void print(int a, int b), void print(String s)

Smoke testing, sanity testing, retesting, and regression testing are all types of software testing.

• Smoke testing is a quick and shallow test to check if the basic functionalities of the software are working.

• Sanity testing is a narrow and deep test to check if the major functionalities of the software are working after a change.

• Retesting is a type of testing that is done to ensure that a defect that was found and fixed has been resolved.

• Regression testing is a type of testing ...read more

Test cases for login functionality excluding correct and incorrect username and password.

• Test for login with blank username and password fields

• Test for login with valid username and blank password field

• Test for login with blank username and valid password field

• Test for login with invalid username and valid password field

• Test for login with valid username and invalid password field

• Test for login with special characters in username and password fields

• Test for login with long us...read more

Software development life cycle is a process followed by software development teams to design, develop and maintain software.

• SDLC is a structured approach to software development

• It consists of several phases such as planning, analysis, design, implementation, testing, deployment, and maintenance

• Each phase has its own set of activities and deliverables

• It helps to ensure that the software is developed efficiently, on time, and within budget

• Examples of SDLC models include Waterf...read more

The test environment includes various interfaces for testing.

• The test environment may include interfaces such as APIs, databases, web services, and user interfaces.

• For example, APIs can be tested using tools like Postman or SoapUI.

• Databases can be tested using SQL queries or database testing tools.

• Web services can be tested using tools like Selenium or JUnit.

• User interfaces can be tested using manual testing or automated testing tools like Selenium WebDriver.

Locators in Selenium are used to identify web elements on a web page.

• Locators are used to find web elements based on their attributes like ID, class, name, etc.

• Some commonly used locators in Selenium are ID, Name, Class Name, Tag Name, Link Text, and Partial Link Text.

• For example, driver.findElement(By.id("username")) will find the element with ID attribute as "username".

Software testing is the process of evaluating a software application or system to ensure it meets specified requirements.

• Software testing is a crucial part of the software development life cycle.

• It involves executing test cases to identify defects or errors in the software.

• Testing helps in improving the quality, reliability, and performance of the software.

• Different types of testing include functional testing, performance testing, security testing, etc.

• Examples of software te...read more

An incubator is a program or facility that helps startups and entrepreneurs to develop their ideas and businesses.

• Incubators provide resources such as office space, funding, mentorship, and networking opportunities to startups.

• They help startups to refine their business models, develop their products, and prepare for market launch.

• Incubators may be run by universities, government agencies, or private organizations.

• Examples of successful companies that started in incubators in...read more

Assertion in Selenium is a command that verifies if the expected result matches the actual result of a test step.

• Assertions are used to validate the behavior of a web application under test.

• They help in identifying defects early in the development cycle.

• Selenium provides various assertion methods like assertEquals, assertTrue, assertFalse, etc.

• If the assertion fails, the test case is marked as failed and the execution stops.

• Assertions can be used in combination with condition...read more

Frameworks provide a structured way to develop and maintain software applications.

• Frameworks provide a set of guidelines, best practices, and reusable components for developing software.

• Frameworks help in reducing development time by providing pre-built modules and libraries.

• Frameworks promote code reusability, scalability, and maintainability.

• Frameworks help in standardizing the development process and improving overall code quality.

• Examples of frameworks include Selenium fo...read more

Testing is important to ensure software quality and prevent defects.

• Identifies defects and errors in software

• Ensures software meets requirements and specifications

• Improves software quality and reliability

• Reduces the risk of software failure and downtime

• Saves time and money by catching issues early

• Increases customer satisfaction and trust

• Examples: testing user interfaces, functionality, performance, security

Bonding is the process of connecting two or more objects together. SAP stands for System Applications and Products. Light testing refers to testing software applications with minimal resources.

• Bonding is the process of joining two or more objects together using adhesives, heat, pressure, or other methods.

• SAP (System Applications and Products) is a software suite that helps manage business operations and customer relations.

• Light testing involves testing software applications w...read more

Some challenges faced while automating include handling dynamic elements, synchronization issues, and maintaining test scripts.

• Handling dynamic elements on the webpage

• Synchronization issues between test scripts and application

• Maintaining and updating test scripts as the application evolves

I have experience in developing automation frameworks using Agile methodology.

• Developed automation framework using Selenium WebDriver and TestNG

• Implemented Page Object Model design pattern for better maintainability

• Used Jenkins for continuous integration and delivery

• Followed Agile methodology for faster and efficient development

• Collaborated with cross-functional teams for better communication and understanding

STLC stands for Software Testing Life Cycle. It consists of several phases that ensure the quality of software.

• STLC is a systematic approach to testing software

• The phases of STLC include requirements analysis, test planning, test design, test execution, and test closure

• Each phase has specific activities and deliverables

• For example, in the requirements analysis phase, testers analyze the requirements and create test scenarios

Verification ensures that the product is built according to the requirements, while validation ensures that the product meets the customer's needs.

• Verification checks if the product is being built correctly

• Validation checks if the right product is being built

• Verification is done during development

• Validation is done after development

• Examples: Unit testing, code reviews, walkthroughs for verification; User acceptance testing, system testing, regression testing for validation

Black box testing focuses on testing the functionality of a system without knowing its internal code, while white box testing involves testing the internal code structure.

• Black box testing is based on external expectations and requirements.

• White box testing is based on internal code structure and logic.

• Black box testing is more focused on end-user perspective.

• White box testing is more focused on developer perspective.

• Examples of black box testing include functional testing an...read more

Arrays in Java are used to store multiple values of the same data type in a single variable.

• Arrays are declared with a specific data type and size.

• Elements in an array are accessed using their index, starting from 0.

• Example: String[] names = new String[5];

Strings in Java are sequences of characters, represented by the String class.

• Strings are immutable in Java, meaning their values cannot be changed once they are created.

• Strings can be created using double quotes, such as "Hello World", or by using the String class constructor.

• String concatenation can be done using the '+' operator, for example: String fullName = firstName + lastName;

Selenium is a tool used for automating web browsers and Cucumber is a tool used for behavior-driven development.

• Selenium is used for testing web applications by automating browser actions

• Cucumber is used for writing and executing automated acceptance tests

• Selenium can be integrated with Cucumber to write and execute automated tests in a behavior-driven development approach

• Cucumber uses Gherkin syntax to write test scenarios in a human-readable format

• Selenium supports multiple...read more

Some tools used in automation testing include Selenium, JUnit, TestNG, Cucumber, and Jenkins.

• Selenium: Used for automating web applications testing

• JUnit: Framework for writing and running repeatable tests

• TestNG: Testing framework inspired by JUnit and NUnit

• Cucumber: Tool for running automated acceptance tests written in a behavior-driven development (BDD) style

• Jenkins: Automation server used to automate various tasks like building, testing, and delivering software

Use bitwise XOR operation to switch values in two variables without a third variable.

• Use bitwise XOR operation to switch values in two variables without a third variable.

• Example: a = 5, b = 7. After switching, a = 7, b = 5.

• a = a XOR b

• b = a XOR b

• a = a XOR b

Regression testing is testing the entire system after making changes, while retesting is testing specific areas that were previously found to have defects.

• Regression testing is performed to ensure that changes or fixes in the software do not introduce new defects or issues.

• Retesting is performed to verify that the defects or issues identified in previous testing have been fixed.

• Regression testing involves running a comprehensive set of test cases to cover all functionalities ...read more

An abstract class is a class that cannot be instantiated and is used as a base class for other classes.

• An abstract class can have abstract and non-abstract methods.

• Abstract methods have no implementation and must be implemented by the derived class.

• Non-abstract methods can have implementation and can be inherited by the derived class.

• An abstract class can have constructors and fields.

• An abstract class can be used to define a common interface for a group of related classes.

Re-testing is the process of testing a previously failed test case after the defects have been fixed.

• Re-testing is done to ensure that the defects have been fixed and the system is working as expected.

• It is important to document the results of re-testing to ensure that the defects have been resolved.

• Re-testing can be done manually or through automation tools.

• Examples of re-testing include testing a login functionality after fixing a defect related to incorrect password valida...read more

Integration testing is a type of software testing that verifies the interaction between different components or modules of a system.

• Integration testing ensures that the individual components of a system work together as expected.

• It focuses on testing the interfaces and interactions between components.

• It helps identify defects that may arise due to integration issues.

• Integration testing can be performed using top-down, bottom-up, or sandwich approach.

• Example: Testing the integ...read more

Issues faced while testing a software

• Functional issues

• Performance issues

• Usability issues

• Compatibility issues

• Security issues

Levels of software testing include unit testing, integration testing, system testing, and acceptance testing.

• Unit testing focuses on testing individual components or modules of the software.

• Integration testing involves testing the interactions between different components.

• System testing tests the entire system as a whole.

• Acceptance testing is performed to validate if the system meets the requirements of the stakeholders.

Testing procedures are chosen based on product requirements, risks, and constraints.

• Understand the product requirements and identify the risks involved

• Choose appropriate testing techniques based on the identified risks

• Consider time, budget, and resource constraints while selecting testing procedures

• Prioritize testing procedures based on criticality of the features

• Examples: functional testing, performance testing, security testing, usability testing