4000+ Interview Questions and Answers

Choose at most N/2 elements from an array A of N elements and find XOR of all the chosen elements.

• Choose the N/2 largest elements to maximize the XOR value.

• Use a priority queue to efficiently select the largest elements.

• If N is small, brute force all possible combinations of N/2 elements.

OOPs concepts are the fundamental principles of Object-Oriented Programming.

• Encapsulation: Binding data and functions together in a single unit.

• Inheritance: Acquiring properties and behavior of a parent class by a child class.

• Polymorphism: Ability of an object to take many forms.

• Abstraction: Hiding the implementation details and showing only the necessary information.

• Example: A car is an object that encapsulates data like speed, fuel, and functions like start, stop, and accel...read more

Exception is a runtime error that can be handled, while error is a severe issue that cannot be handled.

• Exceptions are caused by the program logic, while errors are caused by external factors like hardware failure or network issues.

• Exceptions can be caught and handled using try-catch blocks, while errors require fixing the underlying issue.

• Example of exception: NullPointerException. Example of error: Out of Memory Error.

• To solve errors in code deployment, identify the root cau...read more

My strong point is Java. I have a good understanding of inheritance, modularity, and abstraction. I also have knowledge of C++.

• Inheritance is a mechanism in OOP where a new class is derived from an existing class. Types of inheritance are single, multiple, multilevel, and hierarchical.

• C++ is a compiled language while Java is an interpreted language. C++ supports operator overloading while Java does not.

• Modularity in C++ is achieved through the use of header files and namespac...read more

AWS services, S3 storage types, troubleshooting web server, DNS hosting, static hosting, IAM policies, load balancers, NAT gateway

• Used EC2, S3, RDS, Lambda, CloudFront, etc.

• S3 storage types: Standard, Infrequent Access, Glacier

• Check server logs, network connectivity, security groups, etc.

• DNS hosting can be achieved using Route 53

• Static hosting is used to host static websites using S3 and CloudFront

• Roles define permissions for AWS resources, service rules define access to spec...read more

Test Engineer interview questions on frameworks, testing types, bug tracking, and regression testing.

• Worked with Selenium framework with folder structure of test cases, test data, and page objects

• Functional testing includes smoke, sanity, and regression testing while non-functional testing includes performance and security testing

• Real-time scenario: prioritize and fix critical bugs first, communicate with stakeholders, and perform thorough testing before release

• Integration te...read more

SQL is a programming language used to manage and manipulate relational databases.

• SQL stands for Structured Query Language.

• It is used to create, modify, and query databases.

• SQL is used in various industries such as finance, healthcare, and e-commerce.

• Examples of SQL commands include SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, and DELETE.

• SQL is used to retrieve specific data from a database using queries.

An accountant is a professional who manages financial records and prepares financial reports. There are basic rules of accounting.

• Accountants manage financial records and prepare financial reports

• Basic rules of accounting include the accounting equation, double-entry accounting, and the matching principle

• Accountants must follow generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) and maintain ethical standards

• Examples of accounting tasks include bookkeeping, tax preparation, and f...read more

Interview questions for SAP Fico Consultant

• Journal entry for Purchase with GST involves debiting the Purchases account and crediting the Input GST account

• Ind AS stands for Indian Accounting Standards, one of which is Ind AS 116 on Leases

• SAP is a software company that provides enterprise software to manage business operations and customer relations

• ERP stands for Enterprise Resource Planning, a software system that integrates business processes and data

• IT industry offers opport...read more

Code to filter out loans with incomplete status using Java 8 features.

• Use stream() method to convert the list of loans into a stream

• Use filter() method to filter out loans with incomplete status

• Use collect() method to collect the filtered loans into a new list

To select a record from a table, use the SELECT statement with appropriate conditions.

• Use the SELECT statement with the appropriate columns to retrieve data from the table.

• Specify the table name in the FROM clause.

• Use the WHERE clause to specify the conditions for selecting the record.

• Example: SELECT * FROM table_name WHERE column_name = 'value';

Git stash is a feature that allows you to temporarily save changes without committing them.

• Different ways of git merge: fast-forward, recursive, octopus

• Git pull: fetches and merges changes from a remote branch, Git fetch: only fetches changes

• Branching strategy in Git: Gitflow, trunk-based development, feature branching

• To create a new branch: git branch , to switch to it: git checkout

• Secrets should not be stored in Git repo, use a secure key management system

• Staging area in G...read more

Possible reasons for an atomic spark job running for more than an hour.

• Data size may have increased beyond the capacity of the cluster

• Issues with network connectivity or hardware failure

• Inefficient code or poorly optimized queries

• Resource contention with other jobs running on the cluster

• Data skew or data imbalance

• Incorrect configuration settings

OOP concepts are the building blocks of Object Oriented Programming. The four pillars of OOP are Abstraction, Encapsulation, Inheritance, and Polymorphism.

• Abstraction: Hiding implementation details and showing only necessary information to the user.

• Encapsulation: Binding data and functions together to protect data from outside interference.

• Inheritance: Creating new classes from existing ones, inheriting properties and methods.

• Polymorphism: Ability of objects to take on multip...read more

The interview questions cover various topics related to Java development, including Singleton pattern, memory management, exception handling, Spring framework, and design patterns.

• Singleton pattern ensures a class has only one instance and provides a global point of access to it.

• Auto Configuration in Spring Boot automatically configures the Spring application based on dependencies present in the classpath.

• @Primary annotation is used to give higher preference to a bean when mu...read more

Answering managerial questions for Tech Lead position

• For past issue, explain the problem and how you identified it

• Describe the mitigation strategy and its effectiveness

• For non-compliant code, assess the impact and prioritize fixes

• Communicate the issue to stakeholders and plan for a fix

• For looking to switch, explain the reasons and how it aligns with career goals

SDLC stands for Software Development Life Cycle.

• SDLC is a process used by software development teams to design, develop, and test high-quality software.

• It consists of several phases including planning, analysis, design, implementation, testing, and maintenance.

• Each phase has its own set of activities and deliverables that must be completed before moving on to the next phase.

• SDLC helps ensure that software is developed efficiently, on time, and within budget.

• Examples of SDLC m...read more

C is a procedural programming language while C++ is an extension of C with added features of object-oriented programming.

• C is a procedural language, while C++ supports both procedural and object-oriented programming.

• C++ has additional features like classes, objects, inheritance, and polymorphism.

• C++ supports function overloading and exception handling, which are not present in C.

• C++ has a standard template library (STL) that provides useful data structures and algorithms.

• C++ ...read more

Questions related to OOPs, database, and ML concepts.

• OOPs stands for Object-Oriented Programming which is a programming paradigm based on the concept of objects.

• Overloading is when multiple methods have the same name but different parameters, while overriding is when a subclass provides a specific implementation of a method that is already provided by its parent class.

• Polymorphism is the ability of an object to take on many forms. In Java, it is achieved through method overlo...read more

Windows app dev is for desktops, web dev is for browsers.

• Windows app dev is for desktop operating systems like Windows, macOS, and Linux.

• Web dev is for browsers and can be accessed from any device with an internet connection.

• Windows app dev uses GUI frameworks like Windows Forms or WPF.

• Web dev uses web technologies like HTML, CSS, and JavaScript.

• Examples of Windows apps include Microsoft Word and Adobe Photoshop.

• Examples of web apps include Facebook and Google Maps.

A turbine is a mechanical device that converts the energy from a fluid flow into useful work.

• Turbines are commonly used in power generation, aviation, and marine applications.

• They consist of several key parts including the rotor, stator, blades, and shaft.

• The rotor is the rotating part of the turbine, while the stator is the stationary part.

• Blades are attached to the rotor and are designed to capture the energy of the fluid flow.

• The shaft connects the rotor to the external lo...read more

Ansible is called agentless because it does not require any agent to be installed on the target host.

• Ansible uses SSH to connect to the target host and execute commands remotely.

• The command to run an ansible-playbook is 'ansible-playbook '.

• Variables in Ansible are used to store values that can be used across multiple tasks and playbooks.

• Roles in Ansible are a way to organize tasks, handlers, and variables into reusable units.

• Ansible maintains inventory data in the inventory f...read more

Jenkins is a popular CI/CD tool with various job types, access control, build triggers, and master-slave architecture.

• Job types: Freestyle project, Pipeline project

• Access control: Role-based Authorization Strategy plugin

• Jenkins is written in Java

• Build triggers: Manual, Scheduled, SCM, Remote Trigger, etc.

• Build failure: Email notification, Console output, Build log

• Master-slave: Distributes workload across multiple nodes for faster builds

Yes, I am willing to learn front end and back end technologies and have a learning strategy in place.

• I believe in continuous learning and growth as a developer.

• I have experience in learning new technologies quickly and efficiently.

• My learning strategy involves breaking down concepts into smaller parts and practicing regularly.

• I also utilize online resources and seek guidance from experienced colleagues.

• Examples of technologies I have learned include React, Node.js, and MongoD...read more

Yes, we can automate the process of coordinating timing of different busses for a particular route.

• We can use GPS tracking to monitor the location of busses in real-time.

• We can develop a software that can analyze the data and suggest the best route and timing for the passenger.

• We can also use machine learning algorithms to predict the traffic and suggest the best route and timing for the passenger.

• We can integrate this system with a mobile app that can provide real-time infor...read more

Interview questions for System Engineer position

• Constructor is a special method that is used to initialize an object

• Method overriding is when a subclass provides its own implementation of a method that is already present in the parent class, while method overloading is when multiple methods have the same name but different parameters

• Program to print prime numbers between two given ranges can be achieved using nested loops and checking for prime numbers using modulus operator

• A...read more

Child records can be made read-only when parent record's field is updated using validation rules.

• Create a validation rule on child object

• Use ISCHANGED() function to check if parent field is updated

• Use PRIORVALUE() function to get the previous value of parent field

• Use ISBLANK() function to check if the previous value of parent field is blank

• Use ISNEW() function to allow creation of child records

• Use OR() function to combine all conditions

• Throw an error message if all conditions...read more

Command for CPU usage in Linux, checking free memory in GB, and creating NFS.

• Command for CPU usage: top or htop

• Checking free memory in GB: free -g

• Creating NFS: install nfs-utils, configure /etc/exports, start nfs-server and nfs-lock services

• Linux used not specified

I am an Automation Test Engineer with knowledge of STLC, test plan, test case, test scenario, Selenium framework, and writing Selenium test cases.

• STLC stands for Software Testing Life Cycle and is a process followed to ensure quality in software testing.

• Test plan is a document that outlines the testing strategy, objectives, and scope of testing.

• Test case is a set of steps and conditions that are executed to verify the functionality of a software application.

• Test scenario is a...read more

Yes, Infosys has already diversified into product development with offerings like Finacle and EdgeVerve.

• Infosys has already developed products like Finacle, a banking software, and EdgeVerve, an AI-powered automation platform.

• The company has also acquired product-based companies like Panaya and Skava.

• Infosys has a dedicated Product Engineering Services unit that focuses on developing and maintaining software products.

• However, services still remain the primary focus of Infosys...read more

I want to switch to system engineering as it aligns with my interests and skills.

• I have always been interested in technology and how systems work

• I have gained experience in programming and software development

• I believe my skills in problem-solving and critical thinking will be valuable in system engineering

• I am excited about the opportunity to work on complex systems and contribute to their design and development

Explanation of COMP, COMP-2, COMP-3, Display, Continue, Next Sentence, and SOC7.

• COMP is a binary data type, COMP-2 is a packed decimal data type, COMP-3 is a packed decimal data type with sign, and Display is a character data type.

• Continue is used to transfer control to the next statement within the same paragraph, while Next Sentence is used to transfer control to the first statement of the next paragraph.

• SOC7 occurs due to a data exception error, such as an invalid numeric ...read more

Java is a popular programming language known for its platform independence, object-oriented approach, and robustness.

• Java is platform independent, meaning it can run on any platform that has a Java Virtual Machine (JVM).

• It is object-oriented, allowing for modular and reusable code.

• Java is known for its robustness and reliability, with features like automatic memory management and exception handling.

• Java has a rich set of APIs and libraries, making it versatile for various app...read more

In case of a long sick leave for one of the key resources prior to Transition Go Live, I would take the following steps:

• Assess the impact of the absence on the project timeline and deliverables

• Identify if there are any backup resources available to temporarily fill the gap

• If no backup resources are available, prioritize the remaining KR and allocate additional resources if necessary

• Communicate the situation to the project stakeholders and manage their expectations

• Re-evaluate ...read more

Java is a versatile programming language known for its platform independence and rich set of features.

• Platform independence: Java programs can run on any operating system or device with a Java Virtual Machine (JVM)

• Object-oriented: Java supports the principles of object-oriented programming, allowing for modular and reusable code

• Garbage collection: Java automatically manages memory allocation and deallocation, reducing the risk of memory leaks

• Exception handling: Java provides ...read more

A program to check if a given string is a palindrome or not.

• A palindrome is a word, phrase, number, or other sequence of characters that reads the same forward and backward.

• To check if a string is a palindrome, we can compare the characters from the beginning and end of the string.

• If the characters match at each position, the string is a palindrome.

• We can use two pointers, one starting from the beginning and the other from the end, and compare the characters at each position....read more

I chose myself in the programming language at a small scale and gradually increased it.

• Started with basic syntax and gradually moved to more complex concepts

• Practiced on small projects before moving to larger ones

• Learned from online resources and collaborated with peers

• Continuously updated skills and learned new languages as needed

To check RAM usage in Linux EC2 instance, use the 'free' command.

• Open the terminal or SSH into the EC2 instance

• Type 'free' command and press enter

• The output will show the total, used, and free memory in kilobytes

• Use '-h' option to display the output in human-readable format

• Use 'top' command to see the real-time memory usage of processes

Counting letter-pairs with same no. of letters left between them in the word SERVANT.

• Identify the letter-pairs in the word SERVANT.

• Count the number of letters between each pair.

• Compare the count with the position of the pair in the word.

• If they match, increment the count of such pairs.

• Answer the total count of such pairs.

I would create designated parking areas, implement a parking management system, and utilize efficient parking strategies.

• Create designated parking areas based on the capacity and layout of the campus.

• Implement a parking management system to track and manage the parking spaces.

• Utilize efficient parking strategies such as valet parking, shuttle services, and carpooling.

• Ensure proper signage and directions to guide the drivers to available parking spaces.

• Coordinate with event or...read more

Yes, there is an entry for purchase sales.

• The entry for purchase sales is a double-entry accounting system.

• The purchase is recorded as a debit to the inventory account and a credit to the accounts payable account.

• The sale is recorded as a credit to the sales account and a debit to the accounts receivable account.

• The cost of goods sold is recorded as a debit to the cost of goods sold account and a credit to the inventory account.

• Examples include recording the purchase of inven...read more

SCOM monitoring tool uses a database to store and process data. It also requires management packs for monitoring different components.

• Data flows from agents to management servers and then to the database

• SCOM uses SQL Server as its database

• Data grooming queries can be found in the OperationsManagerDW database

• Operations Console grooming values can be set in the Administration workspace

• To unseal a management pack, use the 'Unseal-ManagementPack' PowerShell cmdlet

• Examples of mana...read more

A dataframe is a two-dimensional tabular data structure in which data is organized in rows and columns. It differs from a dataset in terms of structure and functionality.

• A dataframe is a data structure in which data is organized in a tabular format with rows and columns.

• It is commonly used in data analysis and manipulation tasks.

• Dataframes can handle both structured and semi-structured data.

• They provide a convenient way to store and manipulate large datasets.

• Dataframes offer ...read more

Explanation of Dockerfile, Docker Compose, and differences between them and Kubernetes.

• Dockerfile is a script that contains instructions to build a Docker image.

• Fields in Dockerfile include FROM, RUN, COPY, ADD, CMD, and more.

• Docker Compose is a tool for defining and running multi-container Docker applications.

• Docker Compose uses a YAML file to define services, networks, and volumes.

• Kubernetes is a container orchestration platform that automates deployment, scaling, and manag...read more

Python manages data structures and variables using dynamic memory allocation.

• Python uses a heap to manage memory allocation for data structures and variables.

• Variables are created dynamically and stored in memory as objects.

• Python uses reference counting to keep track of the number of references to an object.

• Garbage collection is used to reclaim memory for objects that are no longer referenced.

• Examples of data structures in Python include lists, tuples, dictionaries, and sets...read more

A machine is a device that performs a specific task using power and mechanisms.

• Machines can be simple or complex, ranging from a simple lever to a complex computer.

• Machines use energy to perform work, such as lifting, moving, or transforming materials.

• Examples of machines include cars, airplanes, washing machines, and robots.

• Machines can be classified into six types: lever, pulley, wheel and axle, inclined plane, wedge, and screw.