6000+ Interview Questions and Answers

Given an array of size N containing numbers from 0 to (N-2), find and return the duplicate number.

• Iterate through the array and keep track of the frequency of each number using a hashmap.

• Return the number with a frequency of 2.

The task is to find the second largest element in an array of integers.

• Iterate through the array and keep track of the largest and second largest elements.

• Initialize the largest and second largest variables with the first two elements of the array.

• Compare each element with the largest and second largest variables and update them accordingly.

• Return the second largest element at the end.

• Handle the case where no second largest element exists.

FDS stands for Functional Design Specification, a document that outlines the functional requirements of a system.

• FDS is created by functional consultants to define the business requirements of a system

• It includes details on the system's functionality, data flow, and user interface

• FDS serves as a blueprint for developers to build the system according to the business requirements

• Example of FDS requirement: The system should allow users to create purchase orders and track their ...read more

Iterative Waterfall model was introduced to address the limitations of the traditional Waterfall model.

• Iterative Waterfall model allows for feedback and changes during the development process.

• It breaks down the development process into smaller, more manageable stages.

• It reduces the risk of project failure by identifying and addressing issues early on.

• It allows for better collaboration between developers and stakeholders.

• Examples include Rational Unified Process (RUP) and Agil...read more

System Engineer interview questions covering tech stacks, Java, Spring, Hibernate, REST, and API security.

• Tech stacks include Java, Spring, Hibernate, REST, and API security.

• Class loader loads classes into JVM at runtime.

• Auto Configuration automatically configures Spring beans based on classpath and other conditions.

• An object is an instance of a class that has state and behavior.

• Exceptions in Spring can be handled using try-catch blocks or using @ExceptionHandler annotation.

• I...read more

To display multiple screens in one layout, use the SAP Screen Painter tool and create a custom screen with multiple subscreens.

• Create a custom screen using the SAP Screen Painter tool

• Add multiple subscreens to the custom screen

• Define the layout of each subscreen using the Screen Painter

• Use the PBO (Process Before Output) module to display the subscreens in the desired layout

• Use the PAI (Process After Input) module to handle user input from the subscreens

Developing a real-time chat application with high scalability and low latency.

• Designing a distributed architecture to handle a large number of concurrent users.

• Implementing efficient data synchronization between multiple servers.

• Optimizing network communication to minimize latency.

• Ensuring data consistency and reliability in a distributed environment.

Constructor is used to initialize an object. It is called when an object is created.

• Constructor is a special method with the same name as the class.

• It is used to initialize the instance variables of a class.

• It is called automatically when an object is created using the new keyword.

• Constructors can be overloaded to provide different ways of initializing objects.

• Example: public class Employee { public Employee() { // constructor code } }

Find minimum number of * or # to make a string valid with equal number of * and #.

• Count the number of * and # in the string.

• Find the absolute difference between the counts.

• Return the difference as the minimum number of characters to add.

• If the counts are already equal, return 0.

Explaining differences between abstract class and interface, throw and throws, and why we use throws. Also, why String is immutable.

• Abstract class can have both abstract and non-abstract methods, while interface can only have abstract methods.

• A class can implement multiple interfaces, but can only extend one abstract class.

• Throw is used to explicitly throw an exception, while throws is used to declare the exceptions that a method may throw.

• We use throws to inform the caller o...read more

P2P cycle is the process of procuring goods or services from a vendor and paying for them.

• The cycle starts with creating a purchase requisition

• The purchase requisition is then converted into a purchase order

• Goods or services are received and inspected

• Invoice is received and matched with the purchase order and goods receipt

• Payment is made to the vendor

• The cycle ends with closing the purchase order

Given N gold wires with lengths, find minimum cost to assemble all wires into a single wire.

• Only two adjacent small wires can be assembled at a time

• Cost of forming is the sum of their length

• Use dynamic programming to find minimum cost

• Example: N=4, lengths=[2,3,4,5], minimum cost=29

There are three types of work processes in SAP: Dialog, Background, and Update.

• Dialog work processes are used for executing user transactions interactively.

• Background work processes are used for executing non-interactive tasks like batch jobs.

• Update work processes are used for updating the database.

• Each type of work process has its own specific role and function within the SAP system.

As a product manager, I would approach selling a product by identifying the target audience, creating a unique value proposition, and utilizing various marketing channels.

• Identify the target audience and their needs

• Create a unique value proposition that addresses those needs

• Utilize various marketing channels such as social media, email marketing, and advertising to reach the target audience

• Provide product demos or trials to potential customers

• Collect feedback and make necessa...read more

Social media is a platform for online communication and networking where users can share content, interact with each other, and build communities.

• Social media refers to websites and applications that allow users to create and share content, as well as connect with others.

• It is called social media because it facilitates social interaction and communication through digital means.

• Examples of social media platforms include Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, LinkedIn, and YouTube.

• Socia...read more

Software is a collection of data, programs, procedures, instructions, and documentation that perform tasks on a computer system.

• Software is essential for computers to be useful.

• It includes programs, libraries, and non-executable data.

• Software and hardware work together to enable modern computing systems.

• Examples of software include operating systems, web browsers, and games.

A procedure in PL/SQL is a named block of code that can be called and executed multiple times.

• Syntax: CREATE [OR REPLACE] PROCEDURE procedure_name [(parameter1 [mode1] datatype1 [, parameter2 [mode2] datatype2]...)] IS

• Difference between procedure and function: Procedures do not return a value, while functions return a value.

• Procedures are used to perform an action, while functions are used to calculate and return a value.

• Procedures can have OUT or IN OUT parameters to pass va...read more

Temp table is a table created temporarily in memory. Temp variable is a variable that holds temporary data.

• Temp table is used to store data temporarily during a session

• Temp variable is used to hold temporary data that is not needed after a certain point

• Temp table and variable are created using the 'CREATE GLOBAL TEMPORARY' and 'DECLARE' statements respectively

• Example: CREATE GLOBAL TEMPORARY TABLE temp_table (id NUMBER, name VARCHAR2(50));

• Example: DECLARE temp_var VARCHAR2(50...read more

Program for Fibonacci series for n terms with user input.

• Take user input for n

• Initialize variables for first two terms of Fibonacci series

• Use a loop to generate the series up to n terms

• Print the series

Questions related to Scrum methodology and agile practices.

• Scrum ceremonies include daily stand-up, sprint planning, sprint review, and sprint retrospective.

• Verification and validation (V&V) should be included in sprint planning.

• Scrum and Kanban differ in terms of roles, ceremonies, and visualization techniques.

• Scrum planning estimation techniques include planning poker, t-shirt sizing, and affinity mapping.

• Product backlog contains all the user stories while sprint backlog co...read more

Cut the cake horizontally twice and then vertically once.

• Cut the cake horizontally into two equal halves.

• Stack the two halves and cut horizontally again to get four equal pieces.

• Finally, cut vertically through the center to get eight equal pieces.

Vendor account group determines the fields that are mandatory for a vendor master record.

• Vendor account group is used to group vendors based on certain criteria such as payment terms, delivery time, etc.

• It determines the fields that are mandatory for a vendor master record.

• It also determines the number range for vendor account codes.

• For example, a vendor account group can be created for domestic vendors and another for international vendors.

• Each vendor account group can have ...read more

I stay up to date with emerging technologies and programming languages through various methods.

• I regularly read tech blogs and news websites to stay informed about the latest trends and advancements.

• I participate in online forums and communities where developers discuss new technologies and share their experiences.

• I attend conferences, workshops, and webinars to learn from industry experts and network with other professionals.

• I take online courses and tutorials to enhance my ...read more

Interview questions for a PySpark Developer

• Explained current project and its implementation

• Differentiated between managed and external table

• Described Spark architecture and RDD

• Discussed characteristics of RDD and lazy nature

• Provided insert statement for managed and external table

• Explained deployment related to code in PySpark

• Answered Python related questions

• Explained how to convince manager/scrum master for code changes

• Discussed team size and management

The question is about handling scrollbar and mouse activities in automation testing.

• To handle scrollbar, you can use methods like scrollIntoView(), scrollTo(), or Actions class in Selenium.

• To handle mouse activities, you can use Actions class in Selenium to perform actions like click, double click, drag and drop, etc.

• Jenkins is a popular continuous integration and delivery tool, while GitHub is a web-based version control system.

• Story Point is a unit of measure used in Agile ...read more

A database management system (DBMS) is a software that manages and organizes databases. Primary key uniquely identifies a record, while foreign key establishes a relationship between tables.

• A DBMS is a software that allows users to create, manage, and manipulate databases.

• It provides tools for creating, modifying, and deleting databases, tables, and records.

• Primary key is a unique identifier for a record in a table.

• Foreign key establishes a relationship between two tables by ...read more

Procedural programming focuses on procedures and functions, while OOP emphasizes objects and classes.

• Procedural programming uses a top-down approach, while OOP uses a bottom-up approach.

• In procedural programming, data and functions are separate, while in OOP, they are encapsulated within objects.

• Procedural programming is more suitable for small-scale programs, while OOP is better for large-scale projects.

• C is a procedural programming language, lacking the features of OOP like...read more

SAP CO is a module for controlling and managing costs in an organization. Personal and nominal accounts are used in financial accounting. GST is a tax system. P2P cycle is a procurement process. Asset accounting is for managing fixed assets.

• SAP CO is used for cost controlling and management

• Personal accounts are used for individuals and nominal accounts are used for expenses and revenues

• GST is a tax system used in India and other countries

• P2P cycle is a procurement process fro...read more

Singleton class is a class that can only have one instance at a time.

• It is used to ensure that there is only one instance of a class in the system.

• It is often used in situations where a single object needs to coordinate actions across the system.

• Example: Database connection class, logger class, configuration class.

• It can be implemented using private constructors, static methods, and static variables.

A constructor is a special method used to initialize an object, while a method is a function that performs a specific task.

• Constructors are called automatically when an object is created, while methods need to be called explicitly.

• Constructors have the same name as the class, while methods can have any valid name.

• Constructors do not have a return type, while methods can have a return type.

• Constructors are used to set initial values of instance variables, while methods are use...read more

I would use Adobe Illustrator to design a logo because it offers a wide range of tools and features specifically designed for logo creation.

• Adobe Illustrator is a professional vector graphics editor widely used in the design industry.

• It provides precise control over shapes, colors, and typography, allowing for the creation of scalable and high-quality logos.

• Illustrator offers a variety of tools like the Pen Tool, Shape Builder, and Pathfinder that are essential for logo desig...read more

Enhancement framework is a tool to modify standard SAP applications without changing the original code.

• Enhancement framework provides a way to add custom code to standard SAP applications.

• Customer exits are predefined hooks in the standard code that allow custom code to be added.

• Badis are similar to customer exits but provide more flexibility and can be implemented multiple times.

• Enhancement framework is used to avoid modifying standard code and to make upgrades easier.

• Exampl...read more

The annotation used to display text element in CDS is @Semantics.text

• The @Semantics.text annotation is used to display text elements in CDS views

• It is used in combination with the element name and the label for the text

• Example: @Semantics.text.label: 'Product Description';

• The label can be customized to display any desired text

Java OOPS concepts include inheritance, polymorphism, encapsulation, and abstraction.

• Inheritance allows a class to inherit properties and methods from another class.

• Polymorphism allows objects to take on multiple forms and behave differently based on their context.

• Encapsulation hides the implementation details of a class and only exposes necessary information.

• Abstraction allows for the creation of abstract classes and interfaces that can be implemented by other classes.

• Exampl...read more

The functions used in the code are calculateSum, displayResult, and validateInput.

• calculateSum - calculates the sum of two numbers

• displayResult - displays the result of the calculation

• validateInput - checks the validity of user input

Support package is a collection of updates and fixes, kernel is the core of the SAP system, and SAP note is a correction instruction.

• Support package: Collection of updates and fixes for SAP system.

• Kernel: Core component of the SAP system responsible for communication between the operating system and SAP applications.

• SAP note: Correction instruction provided by SAP to fix specific issues or bugs in the system.

• Example: Support package upgrade can include bug fixes and new featu...read more

The method called in backend to handle deep entity call is GET_DEEP_ENTITY.

• GET_DEEP_ENTITY method is used to retrieve a deep entity from the backend system.

• It is used to retrieve a single entity with its related entities in one request.

• It is called when a deep entity is requested in OData service.

• It is used to retrieve data from multiple tables in one request.

Bought a pen for 50rs and sold it for 60rs. What is the percentage of profit or loss?

• Profit = Selling Price - Cost Price

• Profit = 60 - 50 = 10

• Profit Percentage = (Profit / Cost Price) * 100

• Profit Percentage = (10 / 50) * 100 = 20%

• Therefore, the percentage of profit is 20%

Table function in CDS is a reusable database function that can be used to define complex logic and calculations.

• Table function is defined in CDS (Core Data Services) using the @EndUserFunction annotation.

• It allows you to define complex logic and calculations that can be used in CDS views or ABAP programs.

• Table functions can have input parameters and return a table of data as the result.

• They can be used to perform data transformations, aggregations, filtering, and more.

• A pract...read more

JDK is a development kit, JRE is a runtime environment, and JVM is a virtual machine for executing Java code.

• JDK includes JRE and development tools like javac and java

• JRE includes JVM and necessary libraries to run Java applications

• JVM is responsible for interpreting Java bytecode and executing it

• Example: JDK 8 includes JRE 8 and development tools like javac and java

• Example: JRE 8 includes JVM 8 and necessary libraries to run Java applications

Abstract class is a class that cannot be instantiated. Interface is a collection of abstract methods.

• Abstract class can have both abstract and non-abstract methods, while interface can only have abstract methods.

• Abstract class can have instance variables, while interface cannot.

• A class can implement multiple interfaces, but can only inherit from one abstract class.

• Example of abstract class: Animal (cannot be instantiated). Example of interface: Runnable (collection of abstrac...read more

Modeling an upsetting operation involves understanding process parameters and their relationships.

• Upsetting is a metal forming process that involves compressing a metal workpiece to reduce its length and increase its diameter.

• Process parameters include temperature, pressure, and deformation rate.

• Temperature affects the material's flow stress and ductility, while pressure and deformation rate affect the material's strain hardening behavior.

• The relationship between these parame...read more

Protocols are a set of rules that govern the communication between devices or systems.

• Protocols define the format, timing, sequencing, and error checking of messages exchanged between devices.

• Different types of protocols include network protocols (TCP/IP, HTTP, FTP), communication protocols (RS-232, USB, Bluetooth), and application protocols (SMTP, POP3, IMAP).

• Network protocols govern the communication between devices on a network, while communication protocols govern the com...read more

You can load multiple tables at a time using Azure Data Factory by creating a single pipeline with multiple copy activities.

• Create a pipeline in Azure Data Factory

• Add multiple copy activities to the pipeline, each copy activity for loading data from one table

• Configure each copy activity to load data from a different table

• Run the pipeline to load data from all tables simultaneously