300+ Assistant System Engineer Interview Questions and Answers

Find minimum number of * or # to make a string valid with equal number of * and #.

• Count the number of * and # in the string.

• Find the absolute difference between the counts.

• Return the difference as the minimum number of characters to add.

• If the counts are already equal, return 0.

The functions used in the code are calculateSum, displayResult, and validateInput.

• calculateSum - calculates the sum of two numbers

• displayResult - displays the result of the calculation

• validateInput - checks the validity of user input

SOAP is a protocol while REST is an architectural style. SOAP uses XML while REST uses JSON or XML.

• SOAP is a protocol while REST is an architectural style

• SOAP uses XML while REST uses JSON or XML

• SOAP requires WSDL while REST does not

• SOAP supports only POST method while REST supports GET, POST, PUT, DELETE, etc.

• SOAP has built-in error handling while REST relies on HTTP error codes

• In SOAP, errors are handled using Fault element while in REST, errors are handled using HTTP statu...read more

A linked list is a data structure that consists of a sequence of nodes, where each node contains a reference to the next node.

• A linked list is a dynamic data structure that can grow or shrink as needed.

• Each node in a linked list contains two parts: data and a reference to the next node.

• To insert a node at the beginning of a linked list, we create a new node, set its data, and update the reference of the new node to point to the current head of the list.

C++ is an extension of C with object-oriented programming features.

• C++ supports classes and objects while C does not.

• C++ has better support for polymorphism and inheritance.

• C++ has a standard template library (STL) while C does not.

• C++ is more complex and has more features than C.

• C++ is often used for developing large-scale software projects.

• C is often used for system programming and embedded systems.

Local variables are declared within a specific function or block, while global variables are declared outside of any function or block.

• Local variables have a limited scope and are only accessible within the function or block where they are declared.

• Global variables can be accessed from anywhere in the program.

• Local variables are created when a function is called and destroyed when the function ends.

• Global variables are created when the program starts and exist until the progr...read more

ArrayList is a dynamic array that can grow or shrink in size. It provides advantages like dynamic resizing and built-in methods.

• ArrayList is a resizable array implementation of the List interface in Java.

• It can store elements of any type, including objects and primitives.

• Advantages over generic arrays include dynamic resizing, automatic memory management, and built-in methods like add(), remove(), etc.

• Example: ArrayList names = new ArrayList();

• names.add("John"); names.add("Ja...read more

Yes, I have participated in TCS CodeVita.

• I participated in TCS CodeVita in 2020 and 2021.

• I was able to solve several coding problems during the competition.

• Participating in CodeVita helped me improve my coding skills and problem-solving abilities.

My handwriting is bad due to lack of practice and poor motor skills. I am taking steps to improve it.

• I have started practicing writing regularly to improve my motor skills.

• I am using handwriting improvement books and online resources to learn proper techniques.

• I am also seeking feedback from others to identify areas of improvement.

• I am using tools like grip aids and ergonomic pens to make writing more comfortable.

• I am committed to improving my handwriting and am open to any s...read more

Asymptotic notation is a way to describe the performance of an algorithm by analyzing its behavior as the input size approaches infinity.

• Asymptotic notation is used to analyze the efficiency and scalability of algorithms.

• It provides a way to compare algorithms based on their growth rates.

• Commonly used asymptotic notations include Big O, Big Omega, and Big Theta.

• Big O notation represents the upper bound or worst-case scenario of an algorithm's time complexity.

• For example, an a...read more

Unions and joins are used to combine data from multiple tables. Primary keys are unique identifiers for a table, while unique keys ensure uniqueness of a column.

• Unions combine data from two or more tables into a single result set, while joins combine data from two or more tables based on a common column.

• Primary keys are used to uniquely identify each row in a table and cannot contain null values. Unique keys ensure that a column has unique values, but can contain null values....read more

Arrays offer constant time access and efficient memory usage, but have fixed size. Linked lists have dynamic size but slower access.

• Arrays provide constant time access to elements using index

• Arrays have efficient memory usage as they store elements in contiguous memory locations

• Arrays have a fixed size and cannot be easily resized

• Linked lists have dynamic size and can grow or shrink as needed

• Linked lists allow efficient insertion and deletion of elements

• Linked lists require e...read more

Yes, I am willing to sign the service bonds.

• I understand the importance of service bonds in ensuring job security and commitment to the company.

• I am willing to commit to the terms and conditions of the bond.

• I believe in the company's vision and goals and am excited to contribute to its growth.

• I have signed service bonds in the past and have fulfilled my obligations.

• I am open to discussing the terms of the bond before signing.

Join is a database operation that combines rows from two or more tables based on a related column between them.

• Inner join returns only the matching rows from both tables.

• Outer join returns all the rows from one table and the matching rows from the other table.

• There are different types of outer joins: left outer join, right outer join, and full outer join.

• Joining tables can be done using the JOIN keyword in SQL.

• Example: SELECT * FROM table1 INNER JOIN table2 ON table1.column =...read more

Python is a versatile programming language used for solving real-world problems in various fields.

• Python is used for web development, data analysis, machine learning, and artificial intelligence.

• It is used in scientific computing, finance, and gaming industries.

• Python is used for automation, scripting, and building desktop applications.

• It is also used for creating chatbots, web crawlers, and data visualization tools.

• Python's simplicity, readability, and vast libraries make it...read more

Delete command removes rows from a table, while Truncate command removes all rows from a table.

• Delete command is a DML (Data Manipulation Language) command, while Truncate command is a DDL (Data Definition Language) command.

• Delete command can be rolled back, while Truncate command cannot be rolled back.

• Delete command fires triggers, while Truncate command does not fire triggers.

• Delete command is slower as it maintains logs, while Truncate command is faster as it does not main...read more

An array is a collection of similar data types. It can be defined and values can be assigned to its indices.

• Arrays can be defined using square brackets [] and specifying the size or leaving it empty for dynamic sizing.

• Values can be assigned to array indices using the assignment operator = and specifying the index number.

• Example: int arr[5]; arr[0] = 1; arr[1] = 2; arr[2] = 3; arr[3] = 4; arr[4] = 5;

• Arrays can also be initialized during declaration like int arr[] = {1, 2, 3, 4...read more

Truncate, drop, and delete are SQL commands used to remove data from a table, but they differ in their functionality.

• Truncate is a DDL command that removes all rows from a table, but keeps the structure intact.

• Drop is a DDL command that removes an entire table, including its structure and data.

• Delete is a DML command that removes specific rows from a table based on a condition.

• Truncate is faster than delete as it doesn't generate any transaction logs.

• Drop is irreversible and ...read more

A static variable in C is a variable that retains its value between function calls.

• Static variables are declared using the 'static' keyword.

• They are initialized only once, at the start of the program.

• Their value persists even after the function call ends.

• Static variables have a default initial value of 0.

• They are useful for maintaining state across function calls.

I am comfortable in multiple programming languages including Java, Python, and C++.

• Proficient in Java with experience in developing web applications using Spring framework

• Skilled in Python with experience in data analysis and machine learning using libraries like NumPy and Pandas

• Familiar with C++ and its object-oriented programming concepts

• Also comfortable in languages like JavaScript and SQL

Find the difference between the sum of odd and even position digits in a maximum of 100 digit number.

• Iterate through the digits of the number and add the digits at odd positions to a variable for odd position digits and even positions to a variable for even position digits.

• Calculate the difference between the two variables.

• Return the difference.

• Example: For the number 123456, the sum of digits at odd positions is 1+3+5=9 and the sum of digits at even positions is 2+4+6=12. Th...read more

Cyclically rotate an array of N integers clockwise by K.

• Create a temporary array of size K and copy the last K elements of the original array into it.

• Shift the remaining elements of the original array K positions to the right.

• Copy the elements from the temporary array to the beginning of the original array.

• Time complexity: O(N)

• Space complexity: O(K)

Swapping 2 numbers without a third variable in a program.

• Use arithmetic operations to swap the values of the variables.

• Add the values of both variables and store the result in one variable.

• Subtract the value of the second variable from the sum and store the result in the second variable.

• Subtract the value of the first variable from the sum and store the result in the first variable.

Call by value and call by reference are two ways of passing arguments to a function.

• Call by value passes a copy of the argument's value to the function.

• Call by reference passes a reference to the argument's memory location to the function.

• Call by value is used for simple data types like int, float, etc.

• Call by reference is used for complex data types like arrays, structures, etc.

This program checks if a given string is a palindrome or not.

• A palindrome is a word, phrase, number, or other sequence of characters that reads the same forward and backward.

• To check if a string is a palindrome, we can compare the characters from the beginning and end of the string.

• If the characters match for all positions, the string is a palindrome.

• We can ignore spaces, punctuation, and letter case while checking for palindromes.

8085 and 8086 are two different microprocessors with distinct features.

• 8085 is an 8-bit microprocessor while 8086 is a 16-bit microprocessor.

• 8085 has a maximum clock frequency of 3 MHz while 8086 has a maximum clock frequency of 10 MHz.

• 8085 has a 16-bit address bus and an 8-bit data bus while 8086 has a 20-bit address bus and a 16-bit data bus.

• 8085 has a simple architecture with fewer instructions while 8086 has a complex architecture with more instructions.

• 8085 has a lower p...read more

Query to select highest salary from employee table.

• Use SELECT statement to retrieve data from employee table.

• Use MAX function to find the highest salary.

• Combine both using the syntax: SELECT MAX(salary) FROM employee;

• Ensure that the column name is correct and matches the table schema.

Scale up and scale down operations refer to increasing or decreasing the resources allocated to a system or application.

• Scale up involves adding more resources to a system to handle increased demand or workload.

• Examples of scale up include adding more RAM, CPU, or storage to a server.

• Scale down involves reducing the resources allocated to a system when demand or workload decreases.

• Examples of scale down include removing unused resources or shutting down servers that are no lo...read more

C is a procedural programming language while C++ is an object-oriented programming language. C++ is an extension of C with additional features.

• C is a procedural programming language, while C++ is an object-oriented programming language.

• C++ supports features like classes, inheritance, polymorphism, and operator overloading which are not present in C.

• C++ is an extension of C, so C code can be easily integrated into C++ programs.

• Java is also an object-oriented programming langua...read more

Multiple inheritance is not possible in Java due to the Diamond Problem. The best way to achieve similar functionality is through interfaces or using composition.

• Java does not support multiple inheritance of classes to avoid the Diamond Problem

• Instead, Java supports multiple inheritance of interfaces, allowing a class to implement multiple interfaces

• Composition can also be used to achieve similar functionality by creating objects of other classes within a class

Inheritance is a mechanism in object-oriented programming where a new class is created by inheriting properties of an existing class.

• Inheritance allows code reusability and saves time and effort in programming.

• The existing class is called the parent or base class, and the new class is called the child or derived class.

• The child class inherits all the properties and methods of the parent class and can also add its own unique properties and methods.

• Example: class Car is a paren...read more

Inner join returns only the matching rows from both tables while outer join returns all rows from both tables with null values for non-matching rows.

• Inner join is used to combine rows from two tables where the join condition is met.

• Outer join is used to combine rows from two tables even if the join condition is not met.

• There are three types of outer join: left outer join, right outer join, and full outer join.

• Left outer join returns all rows from the left table and matching r...read more

Use a do-while loop to execute code and then check for condition.

• Write the code to be executed inside the do block

• After the code block, add a while loop with the condition to be checked

• The code inside the do block will always execute at least once

• Example: do { code } while (condition);

C language has various operators like arithmetic, relational, logical, bitwise, assignment, and conditional operators.

• Arithmetic operators: +, -, *, /, %

• Relational operators: <, >, <=, >=, ==, !=

• Logical operators: &&, ||, !

• Bitwise operators: &, |, ^, ~, <<, >>

• Assignment operators: =, +=, -=, *=, /=, %=

• Conditional operator: ? :

I know multiple programming languages including Java, Python, and C++.

• Java

• Python

• C++