Top 200 Python Interview Questions and Answers

Python is a versatile, high-level programming language known for its readability and wide range of applications.

• Easy to Read: Python's syntax is clear and intuitive, making it accessible for beginners. Example: 'print("Hello, World!")'

• Dynamic Typing:...read more

You can extract the month and year from a date column in Pandas using the dt accessor.

• Use the dt accessor to access the date components

• Use dt.month to extract the month and dt.year to extract the year

• Example: df['date_column'].dt.month will give you ...read more

Python is a popular programming language used in data science for its simplicity and extensive libraries.

• Python is widely used in data science due to its easy syntax and readability.

• It has a rich ecosystem of libraries like NumPy, Pandas, and Matplot...read more

To add or remove columns from a pandas dataframe, we can use the 'drop' and 'insert' methods.

• To remove a column, we can use the 'drop' method with the 'axis' parameter set to 1.

• To add a column, we can simply assign a new column to the dataframe with ...read more

Python provides various libraries and modules to interact with databases, such as SQLite, MySQL, and PostgreSQL.

• Python's standard library includes the sqlite3 module for working with SQLite databases.

• For MySQL, the popular library is mysql-connector-...read more

BS6 is a stricter emission standard than BS4 for vehicles in India.

• BS6 compliant vehicles emit significantly lower levels of pollutants than BS4 vehicles.

• BS6 fuel has lower sulfur content than BS4 fuel.

• BS6 vehicles have advanced technology such as pa...read more

I have used libraries like NumPy, Pandas, Matplotlib, and Scikit-learn in Python for data analysis and machine learning tasks.

• NumPy: Used for numerical computing and array operations.

• Pandas: Used for data manipulation and analysis.

• Matplotlib: Used fo...read more

Django is a high-level Python web framework that encourages rapid development and clean, pragmatic design.

• Built-in admin interface for easy management of application data.

• Follows the MVC (Model-View-Controller) architectural pattern.

• Includes an ORM (...read more

To connect to a SQL server using Python, you can use the pyodbc library.

• Install pyodbc library using pip

• Import pyodbc module in your Python script

• Establish a connection using the pyodbc.connect() method, providing the necessary connection details

• Crea...read more

Use vectorized operations, avoid loops, and optimize memory usage.

• Use vectorized operations like apply(), map(), and applymap() instead of loops.

• Avoid using iterrows() and itertuples() as they are slower than vectorized operations.

• Optimize memory usa...read more

Python is a versatile and easy-to-learn programming language with a wide range of applications.

• Simple and readable syntax makes it easy to learn and use

• Extensive standard library with built-in modules for various tasks

• Support for multiple programming...read more

Python can be embedded in C++ using the Python/C API.

• Include the Python header files in the C++ code.

• Initialize the Python interpreter in the C++ code.

• Call Python functions from C++ code using the Python/C API.

• Pass data between Python and C++ using P...read more

You can identify file size in Python using the os module or pathlib for efficient file handling.

• Use os.path.getsize() to get the size of a file in bytes. Example: os.path.getsize('file.txt')

• Use pathlib.Path.stat() to retrieve file size. Example: from...read more

Python has several popular frameworks including Django, Flask, and Pyramid.

• Django is a high-level Python web framework that encourages rapid development and clean, pragmatic design.

• Flask is a lightweight WSGI web application framework. It is designed...read more

Backpropagation algorithm is used to train neural networks by calculating gradients of the loss function with respect to the weights.

• Initialize weights randomly

• Forward pass to calculate predicted output

• Calculate loss using a loss function like mean s...read more

Dockerfile to run a Python script

• Use a base Python image as the starting point

• Copy the Python script into the container

• Specify the command to run the Python script

The map function applies a given function to all items in an iterable, returning a map object (which can be converted to a list).

• The syntax is: map(function, iterable).

• It takes two arguments: a function and an iterable (like a list).

• Example: map(lamb...read more

JS stands for JavaScript, a programming language used for web development. QP stands for Query Parser, a tool used for parsing and analyzing queries.

• JS is a programming language used for web development.

• QP is a tool used for parsing and analyzing que...read more

driver.get is a method used in Selenium WebDriver to navigate to a specific URL.

• driver.get() is a method in Selenium WebDriver used to open a specified URL in the browser

• It is used to navigate to a new page or refresh the current page

• Example: driver....read more

Encapsulation in Python is achieved through private and protected attributes and methods, promoting data hiding and abstraction.

• Use a single underscore (_) before an attribute name to indicate it is protected: `self._protected_var`.

• Use a double under...read more

The reverse method in Python allows you to reverse the order of elements in a list or string.

• Use the built-in method: list.reverse() to reverse a list in place.

• Example: my_list = [1, 2, 3]; my_list.reverse() results in my_list = [3, 2, 1].

• For strings...read more

Generators convert mechanical energy into electrical energy, providing power for various applications.

• Types of generators include AC generators (alternators) and DC generators.

• Generators are used in power plants to supply electricity to the grid.

• Port...read more

np.einsum() performs Einstein summation on arrays.

• Performs summation over specified indices

• Can also perform other operations like multiplication, contraction, etc.

• Syntax: np.einsum(subscripts, *operands)

Python libraries commonly used by data engineers include Pandas, NumPy, Matplotlib, and Scikit-learn.

• Pandas: Used for data manipulation and analysis.

• NumPy: Provides support for large, multi-dimensional arrays and matrices.

• Matplotlib: Used for creatin...read more

Use super() method to call parent's init method in child class.

• Use super() method in child class to call parent's init method.

• Pass the child class and self as arguments to super() method.

• Access the parent class attributes and methods using super().

Debugging in Python involves identifying and fixing errors in the code to ensure it runs correctly.

• Use print() statements to check the values of variables at different points in the code

• Utilize the built-in debugger pdb for more complex debugging tas...read more

Exploratory Data Analysis (EDA) of a dataset using Python's df.describe function.

• Use df.describe() to get summary statistics of the dataset.

• Check for missing values, outliers, and distribution of data.

• Visualize the data using plots like histograms, b...read more