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posted on 6 Feb 2024
I applied via Campus Placement and was interviewed in Aug 2023. There was 1 interview round.
Object-oriented programming concepts in Python
Encapsulation: bundling data and methods together in a class
Inheritance: creating new classes from existing ones
Polymorphism: using a single interface to represent different types
Abstraction: hiding complex implementation details
Class: blueprint for creating objects
Object: instance of a class
Page replacement methods are algorithms used by operating systems to decide which pages to evict from memory when a new page needs to be loaded.
Page replacement methods are used in virtual memory systems to manage limited physical memory.
The goal is to minimize the number of page faults, which occur when a requested page is not in memory.
Popular page replacement algorithms include FIFO (First-In, First-Out), LRU (Least...
Given 5 coding questions and 20 subject oriented questions on ComputerNetworks,Operating Systems and so on
Convert integer to Roman numeral representation
Create a mapping of integer values to Roman numeral symbols
Iterate through the mapping in descending order of integer values
Subtract the largest possible integer value from the input number and append the corresponding Roman numeral symbol
I applied via Campus Placement and was interviewed in Aug 2022. There were 2 interview rounds.
Sudo codes were asked to wite the output
Yes, I have knowledge on blockchain.
I have experience in developing smart contracts using Solidity.
I have worked on blockchain platforms like Ethereum and Hyperledger Fabric.
I understand the concepts of distributed ledger technology and consensus algorithms.
I am familiar with the security aspects of blockchain and how to prevent attacks like 51% attack.
I have implemented blockchain solutions for supply chain management
Blockchain is a decentralized, secure and transparent digital ledger that records transactions and stores data.
Blockchain is used in cryptocurrency transactions like Bitcoin and Ethereum.
It can also be used in supply chain management, voting systems, and digital identity verification.
Blockchain provides security through cryptography and consensus algorithms.
It eliminates the need for intermediaries and reduces transact...
HashMap is a class in Java that implements the Map interface and stores key-value pairs in a hash table.
HashMap allows null values and only one null key.
It provides constant-time performance for basic operations such as get and put.
The order of elements in a HashMap is not guaranteed.
Example: HashMap
Hashtables are data structures that store key-value pairs and allow for fast retrieval of values based on their keys.
Hashtables use a hash function to map keys to indices in an array.
Collisions can occur when multiple keys map to the same index, which can be resolved using techniques like chaining or open addressing.
Hashtables have an average time complexity of O(1) for insertion, deletion, and retrieval of values.
Exam...
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I was interviewed in Aug 2024.
I was interviewed in Jan 2025.
I was interviewed in Aug 2024.
I was interviewed in Jan 2025.
posted on 2 Feb 2025
I was interviewed in Jan 2025.
A case study in an Optum interview typically revolves around solving a real-world problem related to healthcare, data analysis, technology, or business strategy, given Optum’s focus on healthcare services and technology solutions. Here are some tips on how to approach a case study interview at Optum and a sample example:
Steps to Approach an Optum Case Study:
1. Understand the Problem Statement:
Take time to read the case study carefully and make sure you understand the key issue or question.
Identify the stakeholders involved (patients, healthcare providers, insurance companies, etc.) and the objective (cost reduction, improving patient outcomes, increasing efficiency, etc.).
2. Clarify Assumptions:
If there are any ambiguous elements, ask questions to clarify the problem.
You can also state your assumptions if you're making any, but be clear that these are assumptions.
3. Break Down the Problem:
Identify key data points you would need to analyze.
Break the problem into smaller pieces that can be addressed step-by-step.
4. Analyze:
Use frameworks like SWOT analysis, PESTLE analysis, or Porter’s Five Forces if applicable to the case.
In case of a data-related problem, try to identify key metrics (such as patient satisfaction, cost, quality of care, etc.) and how they can be improved or measured.
For technology-related cases, consider aspects like scalability, security, user experience, and integration with existing systems.
5. Propose a Solution:
Present your findings logically and suggest a solution based on your analysis.
Make sure to consider both short-term and long-term impacts on patient
Computer typing should be 40 wpm. And optional question answer multiple choice questions
posted on 13 Jan 2025
I applied via campus placement at Institute of Cost and Works Accountants of India (ICWAI) and was interviewed in Dec 2024. There were 3 interview rounds.
Online assessment (Technical, English, Reasoning)
Balance sheet shows assets, liabilities, and equity at a specific point in time. Trial balance lists all ledger accounts with their balances.
Balance sheet is a snapshot of a company's financial position at a specific point in time.
Trial balance is a list of all ledger accounts with their balances to ensure debits equal credits.
Balance sheet includes assets, liabilities, and equity sections.
Trial balance is used to prep...
Standard costing formula calculates the expected cost of a product based on predetermined standards.
Standard costing formula includes direct materials, direct labor, and overhead costs.
It helps in comparing actual costs with standard costs to identify variances.
Formula: Standard Cost = Standard Quantity of Inputs x Standard Price of Inputs
Explanation of journal entries for Prepaid, Accruals, Depreciation, Provision for Bad debts, DTA, and DTL.
Prepaid expenses are initially recorded as assets and then expensed over time as they are used up.
Accruals are expenses incurred but not yet paid or revenue earned but not yet received.
Depreciation is the allocation of the cost of a fixed asset over its useful life, with accumulated depreciation representing the to...
Preparation of balance sheet involves listing assets, liabilities, and equity. Ratios are computed using financial data from the balance sheet.
List all assets, liabilities, and equity on the balance sheet
Calculate various financial ratios such as current ratio, debt to equity ratio, and return on equity
Use formulae like Current Ratio = Current Assets / Current Liabilities
Interpret the ratios to analyze the financial he
DTA stands for Deferred Tax Asset and DTL stands for Deferred Tax Liability.
DTA is an asset recorded on a company's balance sheet that may be used to reduce taxable income in the future.
DTL is a liability recorded on a company's balance sheet that represents taxes that have been accrued but not yet paid.
DTA arises when a company has overpaid taxes or has tax deductions that exceed its taxable income.
DTL arises when a c...
Accumulated depreciation is a contra asset account that represents the total depreciation expense taken on an asset since it was acquired.
Accumulated depreciation is recorded on the balance sheet as a reduction from the gross amount of fixed assets to arrive at the net book value.
The accounting entry for accumulated depreciation involves debiting the depreciation expense account and crediting the accumulated depreciati...
Standard costing formula calculates the expected cost of a product based on predetermined standards.
Standard costing formula = Standard cost of direct materials + Standard cost of direct labor + Standard manufacturing overhead cost
Standard cost of direct materials = Standard quantity of materials x Standard price per unit
Standard cost of direct labor = Standard hours of labor x Standard rate per hour
Standard manufactur...
Budgeting involves setting financial goals and allocating resources, while forecasting predicts future financial outcomes based on past data and trends.
Budgeting is a plan for how to allocate resources and achieve financial goals
Forecasting predicts future financial outcomes based on past data and trends
Budgeting is typically done on an annual basis, while forecasting can be done on a shorter or longer term basis
Budget...
Variance analysis is a technique used to identify and analyze the difference between planned financial outcomes and actual results.
Variance analysis helps in understanding the reasons for deviations from budgeted or expected figures.
It involves comparing actual financial performance with budgeted or standard performance.
Common types of variances include price variance, quantity variance, and mix variance.
Variance analy...
posted on 30 Jan 2025
I was interviewed in Dec 2024.
Basic quant and reasoning questions
Selenium MCQ
Java programs with MCQ
The driver is typically initialized in the setup method of a test automation framework.
Driver initialization is usually done in a setup method before test execution.
Commonly used methods for driver initialization include WebDriverManager, System.setProperty, and driver instantiation.
Example: WebDriverManager.chromedriver().setup();
Driver can be both static and non-static depending on the context of its usage.
Driver class can be static if it is used to initiate the WebDriver instance in a test automation framework.
Driver class can be non-static if it is used as an instance variable within a test class.
Static driver can be accessed directly without creating an object of the class.
Non-static driver requires an object of the class to be created befo
Static variables belong to the class itself, while non-static variables belong to instances of the class.
Static variables are shared among all instances of a class
Non-static variables are unique to each instance of a class
Static variables are initialized only once, at the start of the program
Non-static variables are initialized separately for each instance of the class
Static and non-static have their own disadvantages in QA automation testing.
Static methods cannot be overridden or inherited, making it difficult to create flexible test cases.
Non-static methods require an instance of the class to be created, which can lead to increased memory usage.
Static methods can lead to tight coupling between classes, making it harder to maintain and update the code.
Non-static methods may have de...
TestNG allows parallel execution of test cases to save time and improve efficiency.
TestNG provides the 'parallel' attribute in the testng.xml file to specify the level of parallelism for test execution.
Parallel execution can be achieved at the test level, class level, method level, or suite level.
TestNG also supports parallel execution of tests across multiple classes or suites using the 'parallel' attribute in the sui...
Parallel testing in TestNG allows running tests concurrently for faster execution.
Use 'parallel' attribute in testng.xml file to specify parallel execution mode.
Set 'parallel' attribute to 'methods', 'classes', or 'tests' based on the level of parallelism needed.
Example: <suite name='MySuite' parallel='tests'>
Use 'thread-count' attribute to specify the number of threads to use for parallel execution.
Parallel methods run multiple methods concurrently within a single test, while parallel tests run multiple tests concurrently.
Parallel methods execute multiple methods within a single test class concurrently.
Parallel tests execute multiple test classes concurrently.
Parallel methods are useful for speeding up the execution of a single test, while parallel tests are useful for running multiple tests faster.
Example: Runni...
Use Rest Assured to upload a file
Use the given file path to create a File object
Use MultiPartSpecBuilder to build the request with the file
Send the request using Rest Assured's given(), when(), and post() methods
The parameter for a POST method in Postman is typically sent in the request body.
Parameters are sent in the request body in key-value pairs
Parameters can be sent as form-data, x-www-form-urlencoded, or raw JSON
Example: {"key": "value"}
Cucumber knows the step definition file based on the annotations provided in the feature files.
Cucumber uses annotations like @Given, @When, @Then to map steps in feature files to corresponding step definition methods.
Step definition files are typically placed in a separate package or directory within the project structure.
Cucumber scans the project directory for step definition files based on the package structure and
Parameters used in cucumber are used to pass values to the step definitions in feature files.
Parameters are defined in feature files using < > syntax
Parameters can be passed to step definitions using Regular Expressions
Parameters can be used to make scenarios more reusable and dynamic
Datatable in Cucumber is used to pass multiple sets of data to a step definition in a scenario.
Datatables are defined using pipes (|) to separate values
Each row in the datatable represents a set of data passed to the step definition
Datatables can be used for parameterization and data-driven testing
Yes, I have created the test plan document at the start of the project.
Yes, I always create a test plan document at the beginning of a project to outline the testing approach and strategy.
The test plan document includes details on scope, objectives, resources, schedule, and test cases.
It helps in ensuring that all stakeholders are aligned on the testing process and expectations.
For example, in my previous project, I cr...
During the initial testing cycle of a project, focus is on establishing test cases, setting up test environments, and identifying potential issues.
Creating test cases based on requirements
Setting up test environments
Identifying potential issues and risks
Executing test cases and reporting defects
Collaborating with developers to resolve issues
Fibonacci sequence is a mathematical pattern where each number is the sum of the two preceding ones.
Fibonacci sequence is a series of numbers where each number is the sum of the two preceding ones.
The sequence starts with 1, 2, then each subsequent number is the sum of the two previous numbers (1+2=3, 2+3=5, 3+5=8, and so on).
This sequence is used in estimating because it reflects natural growth patterns found in natur
Testing matrix is a tool used to track test coverage and automation ROI is the return on investment from implementing automation testing.
Testing matrix is a visual representation of test cases, test scenarios, and their coverage across different platforms, browsers, devices, etc.
Automation ROI is the measure of the benefits gained from automation testing compared to the costs incurred in implementing and maintaining th...
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