Toppr SME Interview Questions and Answers

Primary Key, Foreign Key and Normalization are important concepts in SQL for data integrity and efficient data retrieval.

• Primary Key is a unique identifier for each record in a table.

• Foreign Key is a field in one table that refers to the Primary Key in another table.

• Normalization is the process of organizing data in a database to reduce redundancy and improve data integrity.

• Normalization helps to avoid data inconsisten...read more

Master theorem and big O notation are used to analyze the time complexity of algorithms.

• Master theorem is used to solve recurrence relations that arise in the analysis of algorithms.

• Big O notation is used to describe the upper bound of the growth rate of an algorithm's time complexity.

• Master theorem can be used to solve the time complexity of divide and conquer algorithms like merge sort and quicksort.

• Big O notation is...read more

Protocols used in application layers include HTTP, FTP, SMTP, POP3, IMAP, DNS, DHCP, SNMP, and Telnet.

• HTTP is used for web browsing

• FTP is used for file transfer

• SMTP, POP3, and IMAP are used for email communication

• DNS is used for domain name resolution

• DHCP is used for automatic IP address assignment

• SNMP is used for network management

• Telnet is used for remote access to servers

Binary tree is a tree data structure where each node has at most two children. AVL tree is a self-balancing binary search tree.

• Binary tree can be unbalanced, while AVL tree maintains balance.

• AVL tree has a height difference of at most 1 between left and right subtrees.

• Insertion and deletion operations are faster in binary tree, but searching is faster in AVL tree.

• Example of binary tree: a family tree. Example of AVL tr...read more