100+ SME Interview Questions and Answers

A one to one function is a function where each input has a unique output.

• Also known as an injective function.

• No two inputs can have the same output.

• For example, f(x) = x + 2 is a one to one function.

• However, f(x) = x^2 is not a one to one function as both x and -x have the same output.

The diaphragm contracts and moves downward when you breathe in, and relaxes and moves upward when you breathe out.

• When you breathe in, the diaphragm contracts and moves downward, creating more space in the chest cavity for the lungs to expand.

• This downward movement of the diaphragm also causes the abdomen to expand.

• When you breathe out, the diaphragm relaxes and moves upward, pushing the air out of the lungs.

• The diaphragm plays a crucial role in the process of respiration, he...read more

Continuity refers to the smoothness of a function while differentiability refers to the existence of a derivative at a point.

• A function is continuous at a point if the limit of the function at that point exists and is equal to the value of the function at that point.

• A function is differentiable at a point if the derivative of the function exists at that point.

• A function can be continuous but not differentiable, such as the absolute value function at x=0.

• A function can be diff...read more

The expression for the energy of a hydrogen atom is -13.6 eV/n^2.

• The energy of a hydrogen atom is determined by the equation E = -13.6 eV/n^2

• The energy levels of hydrogen are quantized and can be calculated using the Rydberg formula

• The energy of a hydrogen atom can be calculated using the Bohr model

• The energy of a hydrogen atom is related to the ionization energy required to remove an electron

• The energy of a hydrogen atom can be measured using spectroscopy

Plagiarism is the act of using someone else's work or ideas without giving them proper credit.

• Plagiarism is considered unethical and a breach of academic or professional integrity.

• It can involve copying and pasting text, paraphrasing without proper citation, or using someone else's ideas without permission.

• Examples of plagiarism include submitting someone else's essay as your own, copying and pasting information from a website without attribution, or using someone else's rese...read more

To find the angle between two intersecting lines, use the formula: angle = arctan((m2-m1)/(1+m1*m2))

• Identify the slopes of the two lines (m1 and m2)

• Use the formula: angle = arctan((m2-m1)/(1+m1*m2))

• Convert the angle from radians to degrees if necessary

Degree of freedom refers to the number of ways a molecule can move in space. A diatomic molecule has 5 degrees of freedom.

• Degree of freedom is the number of independent ways a molecule can move in space

• For a diatomic molecule, there are 5 degrees of freedom: 3 translational and 2 rotational

• Translational degrees of freedom refer to movement in x, y, and z directions

• Rotational degrees of freedom refer to rotation about the x and y axes

• The vibrational degree of freedom is not pr...read more

Renewable energy has the potential to replace conventional energy sources, but it may take time and investment.

• Renewable energy is becoming more cost-effective and efficient.

• However, it may take time to build the necessary infrastructure to fully replace conventional energy sources.

• Investment in research and development is crucial to accelerate the transition to renewable energy.

• Examples of successful renewable energy projects include wind farms, solar power plants, and hydro...read more

Hybridization is the mixing of atomic orbitals to form new hybrid orbitals. Resonance is the delocalization of electrons in a molecule. Aufbau principle states that electrons fill atomic orbitals in order of increasing energy.

• Hybridization involves the combination of atomic orbitals to form hybrid orbitals with different shapes and energies.

• Resonance occurs when a molecule can be represented by multiple Lewis structures with different arrangements of electrons.

• The aufbau prin...read more

If no auth & auth available, take appropriate action

• Check if there is any alternative method of authentication available

• If yes, use the alternative method to authenticate

• If no alternative method is available, prompt the user to provide necessary authentication

• If the user is unable to provide authentication, restrict access or provide limited functionality

Domain is the set of all possible input values and range is the set of all possible output values of a function.

• Domain can be represented as x-values in a function.

• Range can be represented as y-values in a function.

• Domain and range can be finite or infinite.

• For example, in the function f(x) = x^2, the domain is all real numbers and the range is all non-negative real numbers.

Stay calm, acknowledge the situation, and offer to investigate and provide a report.

• Remain calm and professional

• Acknowledge the concern and apologize for any inconvenience

• Offer to investigate the issue and provide a report as soon as possible

• Ask for any additional information or details that may help in the investigation

• Take steps to prevent similar issues from occurring in the future

C programming is called the mother of programming languages due to its influence on modern programming languages.

• C programming language was developed in the 1970s and was the first high-level programming language to allow direct access to computer hardware.

• Many modern programming languages such as Java, Python, and C++ have borrowed syntax and features from C.

• C programming language is still widely used today in operating systems, embedded systems, and other low-level programm...read more

Spectroscopy is the study of the interaction between matter and electromagnetic radiation. Operators are mathematical functions used to describe the behavior of particles. Core electrons play a crucial role in determining the electronic structure of atoms and molecules.

• Spectroscopy involves the measurement of the absorption, emission, or scattering of electromagnetic radiation by matter.

• Operators are used in quantum mechanics to describe the behavior of particles and their in...read more

Money market deals with short-term debt securities while capital market deals with long-term securities.

• Money market is a market for short-term borrowing and lending, usually less than a year.

• Capital market is a market for long-term borrowing and lending, usually more than a year.

• Money market deals with debt securities such as treasury bills, commercial papers, and certificates of deposit.

• Capital market deals with equity securities such as stocks and bonds.

• Money market is les...read more

The domain of √x is x≥0 and the range is y≥0.

• The square root of a negative number is undefined in real numbers.

• The square root of 0 is 0.

• The square root of a positive number has two possible values, one positive and one negative.

• The range of √x is always non-negative.

To find the angle between two vectors, use the dot product formula.

• Calculate the dot product of the two vectors.

• Find the magnitude of each vector.

• Use the formula: cos(theta) = (A dot B) / (|A| * |B|)

• Solve for theta by taking the inverse cosine of both sides.

• The resulting angle is in radians, convert to degrees if necessary.

Correlation measures the strength of a linear relationship between two variables, while regression predicts the value of one variable based on the value of another.

• Correlation measures the degree of association between two variables.

• Regression predicts the value of one variable based on the value of another.

• Correlation does not imply causation.

• Regression can be used to identify the relationship between variables and make predictions.

• Correlation coefficient ranges from -1 to 1...read more

If an advisor has a behavior issue, I would address it through communication, coaching, and disciplinary action if necessary.

• First, I would have a conversation with the advisor to understand the behavior issue and its impact on their performance and the team.

• I would provide feedback and coaching to help the advisor understand the expected behavior and its importance.

• If the behavior issue persists, I would escalate the matter to the appropriate manager or HR department for fur...read more

Primary Key, Foreign Key and Normalization are important concepts in SQL for data integrity and efficient data retrieval.

• Primary Key is a unique identifier for each record in a table.

• Foreign Key is a field in one table that refers to the Primary Key in another table.

• Normalization is the process of organizing data in a database to reduce redundancy and improve data integrity.

• Normalization helps to avoid data inconsistencies and anomalies.

• Example: A customer table may have a Pr...read more

Java is not a front-end tool.

• Java is a general-purpose programming language used for developing backend applications.

• It is used for developing server-side applications, desktop applications, and Android mobile applications.

• Java can be used for developing front-end applications, but it is not a front-end tool.

• Front-end tools include HTML, CSS, and JavaScript.

Java is a popular programming language used in various IT industries for developing web, mobile, and desktop applications.

• Java is an object-oriented language that is platform-independent.

• It is used for developing web applications, mobile applications, desktop applications, and games.

• Java is widely used in the development of enterprise-level applications.

• It is used in the development of Android applications.

• Java is also used in the development of server-side applications and w...read more

Poisson Distribution is used for count data while Gumbel Distribution is used for extreme value analysis.

• Poisson Distribution models the number of occurrences of an event in a fixed interval of time or space.

• Gumbel Distribution models the maximum or minimum value from a large set of data.

• Poisson Distribution has a discrete probability distribution while Gumbel Distribution has a continuous probability distribution.

• Poisson Distribution has only one parameter while Gumbel Distr...read more

Salting in salting out is a protein purification technique. Protein folding is the process of forming a functional 3D structure. TCA cycle is a metabolic pathway.

• Salting in salting out involves adding or removing salt to precipitate proteins.

• Protein folding is essential for proper protein function and can be disrupted by mutations or environmental factors.

• TCA cycle is a series of reactions that occur in the mitochondria to generate energy from food molecules.

• All three concept...read more

A custodian bank is a financial institution that holds and safeguards assets on behalf of its clients.

• Custodian banks provide services such as safekeeping of assets, settlement of trades, and corporate actions processing.

• They also offer reporting and record-keeping services to clients.

• Custodian banks may also provide other services such as foreign exchange, cash management, and securities lending.

• Examples of custodian banks include State Street, BNY Mellon, and J.P. Morgan.

Explanation of AOB, ABN, CLIA, out of pocket, deductible, auth and referrals, ABN and CLIA modifiers.

• AOB (Assignment of Benefits) is a document that allows healthcare providers to bill the insurance company directly.

• ABN (Advanced Beneficiary Notice) is a document that informs the patient that a service may not be covered by Medicare and they may be responsible for payment.

• CLIA (Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments) is a federal program that regulates laboratory testing ...read more

The derivative of x^x is x^x(1+ln(x))

• Use logarithmic differentiation to solve

• Take natural logarithm of both sides

• Apply product rule and chain rule

• Simplify the expression

Opportunity cost is the value of the next best alternative forgone. Deadweight loss is maximum in monopolistic markets. During recession, government implements expansionary fiscal policy. Perfect price discrimination is charging each customer their maximum willingness to pay.

• Opportunity cost is the value of the next best alternative that is given up when a decision is made.

• Deadweight loss is maximum in monopolistic markets where there is no competition to drive prices down to...read more

Theories on culture are frameworks that explain how culture influences behavior, beliefs, and values.

• Cultural evolution theory suggests that cultures change and adapt over time.

• Cultural diffusion theory explains how cultural traits spread from one society to another.

• Cultural relativism theory argues that cultural practices should be understood within their own context.

• Cultural materialism theory posits that material conditions shape cultural beliefs and practices.

• Structural f...read more

Conditional probability is the likelihood of an event occurring given that another event has already occurred.

• It is calculated by dividing the probability of the intersection of the two events by the probability of the given event.

• It is denoted by P(A|B), where A is the event we want to find the probability of and B is the event that has already occurred.

• Example: What is the probability of getting a head on the second toss of a coin given that the first toss resulted in a hea...read more

Diffraction of light is the bending of light waves around obstacles and edges, causing interference patterns.

• Diffraction occurs when light waves encounter an obstacle or aperture that is comparable in size to the wavelength of the light.

• It results in the spreading out of light waves, creating interference patterns.

• Diffraction is commonly observed in everyday phenomena such as the colorful patterns seen when light passes through a prism.

• The diffraction of light is a fundamenta...read more

Interference of light is a phenomenon where two or more light waves overlap and either reinforce or cancel each other out.

• Interference occurs when two or more light waves overlap in space.

• Constructive interference happens when waves reinforce each other, leading to brighter light.

• Destructive interference occurs when waves cancel each other out, resulting in darker areas.

• Examples include the colorful patterns seen in soap bubbles and the interference fringes in double-slit exp...read more

Wind energy is preferred over solar energy due to its higher efficiency, lower cost, and ability to generate power even at night.

• Wind turbines have higher efficiency rates than solar panels

• Wind energy is cheaper to produce than solar energy

• Wind turbines can generate power even at night, while solar panels cannot

• Wind energy is more reliable in areas with inconsistent sunlight

• Wind turbines have a longer lifespan than solar panels

Teaching is a noble profession that shapes the future by imparting knowledge and skills. Education is the key to unlocking potential and fostering growth.

• Teaching is a noble profession that involves guiding and inspiring students to reach their full potential.

• Education is the process of acquiring knowledge, skills, values, and attitudes that help individuals grow and develop.

• Effective teaching involves creating a supportive learning environment, adapting to different learning...read more

Cos x can be written in terms of Sine using the identity Cos x = Sin (90 - x)

• Use the identity Cos x = Sin (90 - x)

• Substitute x with the given angle in degrees or radians

• Simplify the expression if possible

NAV is Net Asset Value, Journal Entries are records of financial transactions, Types of Shares include common and preferred, Return on Share is a measure of profitability, Tax on Dividend and Interest is applicable.

• NAV is calculated by subtracting liabilities from assets

• Journal Entries for Prepaid expenses involve debiting Prepaid Expense and crediting Cash or Accounts Payable

• Types of Shares include Common Shares and Preferred Shares

• Return on Share is calculated by dividing n...read more

SDWAN stands for Software-Defined Wide Area Network, a modern networking technology that offers improved performance, security, and flexibility compared to legacy systems.

• SDWAN allows for centralized control and management of network traffic, making it easier to optimize performance and prioritize critical applications.

• It offers better security features such as encryption and segmentation, reducing the risk of cyber attacks and data breaches.

• SDWAN is more cost-effective than ...read more

Array and linked list are data structures. Deadlock is a situation where two or more processes are unable to proceed. OOP is a programming paradigm.

• Array is a collection of elements of the same data type stored in contiguous memory locations.

• Linked list is a collection of elements called nodes, where each node contains a data field and a reference to the next node.

• Deadlock occurs when two or more processes are waiting for each other to release resources, resulting in a stands...read more

Auth and referral are both authentication mechanisms, but auth is used for user authentication while referral is used for referring users to a service.

• Auth is the process of verifying the identity of a user and granting access to a system or service.

• Referral is the act of recommending or directing a user to a specific service or resource.

• Auth typically involves credentials such as usernames and passwords, while referral does not necessarily require authentication.

• Auth is focu...read more

Protocols used in application layers include HTTP, FTP, SMTP, POP3, IMAP, DNS, DHCP, SNMP, and Telnet.

• HTTP is used for web browsing

• FTP is used for file transfer

• SMTP, POP3, and IMAP are used for email communication

• DNS is used for domain name resolution

• DHCP is used for automatic IP address assignment

• SNMP is used for network management

• Telnet is used for remote access to servers

DHTML stands for Dynamic HTML. It is a combination of HTML, CSS, and JavaScript to create interactive and dynamic web pages.

• DHTML allows for elements on a web page to change dynamically without needing to reload the entire page

• It is achieved by using JavaScript to manipulate the Document Object Model (DOM)

• Common examples of DHTML effects include dropdown menus, image rollovers, and animations

I chose wind energy over solar energy due to its higher energy output and lower cost of maintenance.

• Wind turbines have a higher energy output compared to solar panels.

• Wind energy is more cost-effective in the long run due to lower maintenance costs.

• Wind turbines can generate electricity even at night or on cloudy days.

• Location plays a crucial role in choosing between wind and solar energy.

• Wind energy is more suitable for areas with high wind speeds, while solar energy is more...read more

Database tools commonly used for website designing include MySQL, MongoDB, and PostgreSQL.

• MySQL is a popular open-source relational database management system.

• MongoDB is a NoSQL database that is often used for handling large amounts of unstructured data.

• PostgreSQL is another open-source relational database management system that is known for its stability and reliability.

• Other database tools that may be used for website designing include Oracle, Microsoft SQL Server, and SQLi...read more

Front end tools in web designing and development include HTML, CSS, JavaScript, and various frameworks and libraries.

• HTML: used for creating the structure and content of web pages

• CSS: used for styling and layout of web pages

• JavaScript: used for adding interactivity and dynamic functionality to web pages

• Frameworks and libraries: such as React, Angular, and Vue.js, used for building complex web applications

• Examples: Bootstrap for responsive design, jQuery for DOM manipulation

Android HHT can be configured to interface with SAP and other systems for data exchange.

• Android HHT can be configured with SAP's Mobile Infrastructure (MI) or NetWeaver Mobile to enable data exchange.

• Other interfaces like RESTful APIs or web services can also be used for data exchange.

• Data can be exchanged in real-time or in batches depending on the requirements.

• Integration with SAP allows for seamless inventory management, order processing, and other business processes.

• Third...read more

Master theorem and big O notation are used to analyze the time complexity of algorithms.

• Master theorem is used to solve recurrence relations that arise in the analysis of algorithms.

• Big O notation is used to describe the upper bound of the growth rate of an algorithm's time complexity.

• Master theorem can be used to solve the time complexity of divide and conquer algorithms like merge sort and quicksort.

• Big O notation is commonly used to compare the efficiency of different algo...read more

Macro analysis of an industry involves examining external factors that can impact the industry's performance. SWOT analysis is a common strategic tool used in this analysis.

• Macro analysis looks at external factors like economic, political, social, and technological trends that can affect the industry.

• SWOT analysis is used to identify the industry's strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats.

• Other strategic tools used in macro analysis include PESTEL analysis, Porter's ...read more