Ramboll Civil Structural Engineer Interview Questions and Answers

Q1. Explain projects you have worked over the years
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Q2. Explain the pipe rack design starting from input to output
Ans. 
Pipe rack design involves determining layout, sizing, and support requirements for pipes in an industrial facility.
• Start by determining the layout of the pipe rack based on the piping system requirements and plant layout.

• Calculate the pipe sizes and materials based on the flow rates, pressure, and temperature requirements.

• Design the supports for the pipe rack to ensure stability and safety.

• Consider factors such as seis...read more
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Q1. Timoshenko beam theory
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Q2. Sfd and bmd diagram
Ans. 
Sfd and bmd diagrams show the variation of shear force and bending moment along the length of a structural member.
• SFD (Shear Force Diagram) shows the variation of shear force along the length of a beam or structural member.

• BMD (Bending Moment Diagram) shows the variation of bending moment along the length of a beam or structural member.

• SFD and BMD are essential for analyzing the internal forces and moments in a structu...read more
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Q1. Introduce yourself
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I am a structural engineer with 5 years of experience in designing and analyzing buildings and bridges.
• Graduated with a degree in Civil Engineering

• Worked on various projects including high-rise buildings and pedestrian bridges

• Proficient in software such as AutoCAD and SAP2000
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Q2. Preference of job location
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I am open to job locations that offer opportunities for growth and development.
• I am willing to relocate for the right job opportunity

• I prefer job locations with good transportation options

• I am open to both urban and rural locations depending on the job requirements
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Q1. What is difference between static and dynamic analysis
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Static analysis deals with loads that do not change over time, while dynamic analysis considers loads that vary with time.
• Static analysis is used to determine the effects of loads that do not change over time, such as dead loads and live loads.

• Dynamic analysis considers loads that vary with time, such as wind loads, seismic loads, and vibrations.

• Static analysis is simpler and less computationally intensive compared to ...read more
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Q2. How to perform spectral fatigue analysis
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Spectral fatigue analysis is performed by calculating the stress response of a structure to dynamic loads over a range of frequencies.
• Determine the dynamic loads acting on the structure

• Calculate the stress response of the structure using spectral methods

• Analyze the stress response at different frequencies to assess fatigue damage

• Consider factors such as material properties, load history, and environmental conditions

• Use...read more
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Q1. How do you tackle in case of conflict of interest
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I prioritize transparency, disclose the conflict, and recuse myself if necessary.
• Prioritize transparency and disclose the conflict to all parties involved

• Evaluate the situation and determine if recusal is necessary

• Seek guidance from a supervisor or ethics committee if unsure how to proceed
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Q2. What is your notice period
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My notice period is currently one month.
• Notice period is one month

• I am required to give one month notice before leaving my current position

• I can start a new position after one month
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Q1. About your self
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Q2. What is the difference between Fixed and Pinned connection in base plate?
Ans. 
Fixed connection does not allow rotation at the base plate, while pinned connection allows rotation.
• Fixed connection is rigid and does not allow rotation at the base plate.

• Pinned connection allows rotation at the base plate.

• Fixed connection provides more stability and resistance to lateral forces.

• Pinned connection is more flexible and allows for some movement.

• Examples: Fixed connection is commonly used in high-rise bui...read more
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Q3. What is the rise and trade in stair?
Ans. 
The rise is the vertical distance between two consecutive steps, while the tread is the horizontal distance.
• The rise is typically around 7-8 inches, while the tread is usually around 10-11 inches.

• The rise and tread dimensions are important for ensuring safe and comfortable stair design.

• Building codes often dictate the minimum and maximum rise and tread dimensions for safety reasons.
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Q4. What is the pitch distance in bolt?
Ans. 
Pitch distance in bolt refers to the distance between the centers of adjacent bolts in a bolted connection.
• Pitch distance is typically measured from the center of one bolt to the center of the next bolt in a row.

• It is important to maintain consistent pitch distances to ensure proper load distribution and structural integrity.

• For example, in a bolted connection with a pitch distance of 2 inches, the centers of adjacent
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Q5. Make pipe rack section on both direction
Ans. 
To create a pipe rack section on both directions.
• Identify the location and dimensions for the pipe rack section

• Consider the load requirements and support structures

• Design the pipe rack section using appropriate materials and connections

• Ensure proper spacing and alignment for pipes in both directions
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Q6. Make equipment foundation, Pump Foundation
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Q1. Do you have experience with basements and below ground structures
Ans. 
Yes, I have extensive experience with basements and below ground structures.
• I have designed and analyzed numerous basements for residential and commercial buildings.

• I am familiar with waterproofing techniques and soil mechanics related to below ground structures.

• I have experience with retaining walls, foundations, and underground parking structures.

• I have worked on projects involving deep excavations and shoring system...read more
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Q1. Explain connection, and there use
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Q1. Prepare model as per drawing
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