LTIMindtree Senior Software Engineer Interview Questions and Answers for Freshers

Microservice architecture is a design approach where an application is composed of small, independent services that communicate over well-defined APIs.

• Break down the application into smaller, loosely coupled services that can be developed, deployed, and scaled independently.

• Each service focuses on a specific business capability and communicates with other services through APIs.

• Spring Boot provides a convenient framework for building microservices by offering features like emb...read more

Functional interface is an interface with only one abstract method, can be implemented using lambda expressions.

• Functional interface has only one abstract method

• Can be implemented using lambda expressions

• Used in Java to achieve functional programming

Java 8 introduced features like lambda expressions, streams, and default methods. Java 11 introduced features like local-variable syntax for lambda parameters and HTTP client API.

• Java 8: Lambda expressions allow functional programming in Java. Streams provide a way to work with collections. Default methods allow adding new methods to interfaces without breaking existing implementations.

• Java 11: Local-variable syntax for lambda parameters simplifies code readability. HTTP clie...read more

Concurrency is the ability of a system to handle multiple tasks simultaneously, while serialization is the process of converting an object into a stream of bytes to store or transmit.

• Concurrency allows multiple tasks to run in parallel, improving performance and responsiveness.

• Serialization is used to save the state of an object or send it over a network.

• Concurrency can be achieved through multithreading or multiprocessing.

• Serialization can be done using libraries like JSON, ...read more

HashMap is a data structure that stores key-value pairs and uses hashing to quickly retrieve values based on keys.

• HashMap internally uses an array of linked lists to store key-value pairs.

• When a key-value pair is added, the key is hashed to determine the index in the array where it will be stored.

• If multiple keys hash to the same index, a collision occurs and the key-value pairs are stored in a linked list at that index.

• To retrieve a value, the key is hashed again to find the...read more

Annotations in Spring Boot are used to simplify the configuration and development of Spring applications.

• Annotations provide metadata about the class, method, or field to the Spring framework.

• They eliminate the need for XML configuration in Spring applications.

• Examples of annotations in Spring Boot include @RestController, @Autowired, @RequestMapping, @Component, etc.

A thread is a lightweight process that can run concurrently with other threads within the same process.

• Threads allow for parallel execution of tasks within a single process.

• Threads share the same memory space and resources of the process that created them.

• Threads can be created in programming languages like Java, C++, and Python using built-in libraries or frameworks.

• For example, in Java, you can create a thread by extending the Thread class or implementing the Runnable inter...read more