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Explanation of OOP principles
OOP stands for Object-Oriented Programming
It emphasizes on objects and classes
Encapsulation, Inheritance, and Polymorphism are the three main principles of OOP
Encapsulation is the process of hiding data and methods within a class
Inheritance allows a class to inherit properties and methods from another class
Polymorphism allows objects to take on multiple forms or behaviors
Code to delete a node from a given position
Identify the node to be deleted and its previous node
Update the previous node's next pointer to skip the node to be deleted
Free the memory occupied by the node to be deleted
Singleton class is a class that can have only one instance and provides a global point of access to it.
Singleton class is used when we need to ensure that only one instance of a class is created throughout the application.
It is implemented by making the constructor private and providing a static method to get the instance of the class.
Example: java.lang.Runtime is a singleton class that provides access to the runt...
To make a class immutable in Java, we need to follow certain rules.
Make the class final so that it cannot be extended
Make all the fields private and final
Do not provide any setter methods
If the class has mutable fields, return a copy of the field instead of the original in getter methods
Ensure that any mutable objects passed to the constructor are not modified outside the class
Override equals() and hashCode() meth...
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Call by reference is a method of passing arguments to a function by reference.
In call by reference, the memory address of the variable is passed to the function.
Any changes made to the parameter inside the function will reflect in the original variable.
Example: void swap(int *a, int *b) { int temp = *a; *a = *b; *b = temp; }
Example: int main() { int x = 10, y = 20; swap(&x, &y); // x = 20, y = 10 }
To find the third number in a Pythagorean triplet given two numbers.
Use the Pythagorean theorem (a^2 + b^2 = c^2) to solve for the missing number.
Check if the given numbers form a Pythagorean triplet before proceeding.
The third number can be either a or b depending on which two numbers are given.
PUT updates or replaces an entire resource, while PATCH updates only the specified fields.
PUT is idempotent, while PATCH is not
PUT requires the entire resource to be sent, while PATCH only requires the updated fields
PUT replaces the entire resource, while PATCH modifies only the specified fields
PUT is used to create a new resource if it doesn't exist, while PATCH is not
Example: PUT /users/1 replaces the entire use...
Hashmap is a key-value pair data structure while Hashset is a collection of unique elements.
Hashmap allows duplicate values but not duplicate keys while Hashset only allows unique elements.
Hashmap is implemented using a combination of hash table and linked list while Hashset is implemented using only hash table.
Hashmap is used to store data in key-value pairs while Hashset is used to store a set of unique elements...
Stored procedures provide faster execution, improved security, and easier maintenance.
Stored procedures reduce network traffic by executing on the server.
They can be pre-compiled for faster execution.
They provide better security by allowing access only through the procedure.
They simplify maintenance by centralizing code.
They can be reused across multiple applications.
They can improve performance by reducing the am...
A C program to perform arithmetic operations on fractional numbers.
Use float or double data type to store fractional numbers.
Use scanf() to take input from the user.
Perform arithmetic operations like addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division.
Use printf() to display the result.
I applied via Approached by Company and was interviewed in Oct 2024. There was 1 interview round.
Interview questions for Software Engineer position covering OOPS concepts, exception handling, SOLID principles, Java 8 features, and Streams.
Abstraction in OOPS: Hiding implementation details. Example: Abstract class Shape with method draw().
Encapsulation in OOPS: Bundling data and methods that operate on the data. Example: Class Employee with private fields and public getters/setters.
Inheritance in OOPS: Reusing code...
The interview questions cover various topics related to Spring framework, REST vs SOAP, JPA repository, Feign client, circuit breaker, and Spring Security.
Spring Boot provides a simpler and faster way to set up and run Spring applications compared to traditional Spring.
Common annotations in Spring include @Controller, @Service, @Repository, @Autowired, @Component, @RequestMapping, @GetMapping, @PostMapping, @PutMapping...
I applied via Approached by Company and was interviewed in Dec 2024. There were 2 interview rounds.
Java is a popular programming language known for its platform independence and object-oriented features.
Java is platform-independent, meaning it can run on any device with a Java Virtual Machine (JVM)
Java is object-oriented, allowing for modular and reusable code
Java is known for its robust standard library, providing a wide range of pre-built functionality
Java supports multithreading, allowing for concurrent execution...
I prefer to focus on the value I can bring to the company rather than my current salary.
Emphasize your skills, experience, and qualifications instead of focusing on current salary
Discuss how your salary expectations align with the market rate for the position
Avoid disclosing specific salary figures unless necessary
I appeared for an interview in May 2025, where I was asked the following questions.
I have over 5 years of experience in software development, focusing on web applications and cloud solutions.
Developed a scalable e-commerce platform using React and Node.js, improving load times by 30%.
Led a team of 4 in migrating legacy systems to AWS, resulting in a 40% reduction in operational costs.
Implemented CI/CD pipelines using Jenkins, which decreased deployment times from hours to minutes.
Collaborated with cr...
Manual testing involves human testers executing test cases, while automation testing uses tools to execute tests automatically.
Manual testing is time-consuming and requires human intervention, e.g., exploratory testing.
Automation testing is faster and more efficient for repetitive tasks, e.g., regression testing.
Manual testing is better for usability testing, where human judgment is crucial.
Automation testing is ideal ...
Functional testing verifies that software functions according to specified requirements and performs its intended tasks.
Focuses on user requirements and functionality of the application.
Examples include testing login/logout features, data entry forms, and payment processing.
Can be performed manually or through automated testing tools.
Ensures that the software behaves as expected under various conditions.
Common techniqu...
I appeared for an interview in Apr 2025, where I was asked the following questions.
A stack is a LIFO data structure, while a queue is a FIFO structure, each serving different use cases in programming.
LIFO vs FIFO: Stack follows Last In First Out (LIFO) principle, while Queue follows First In First Out (FIFO).
Stack Example: Think of a stack of plates; you add and remove plates from the top.
Queue Example: A queue is like a line at a ticket counter; the first person in line is the first to be served.
Ope...
Threads are lightweight processes that share the same memory space, while processes are independent with their own memory allocation.
Memory Usage: Threads share the same memory space, making them more efficient in terms of memory usage compared to processes, which have separate memory.
Communication: Threads can communicate with each other more easily since they share the same memory, while processes require inter-proce...
I faced a significant challenge with a performance bottleneck in a web application, which I resolved through optimization techniques.
Identifying the Bottleneck: I used profiling tools to analyze the application and discovered that a specific API call was taking too long to respond.
Caching Strategy: Implemented a caching mechanism using Redis to store frequently accessed data, reducing the number of API calls and improv...
Working at your company offers a collaborative environment, innovative projects, and opportunities for professional growth.
Collaborative Culture: The company promotes teamwork, where developers regularly engage in code reviews and pair programming to enhance code quality.
Innovative Projects: Employees work on cutting-edge technologies, such as AI and machine learning, which keeps the work exciting and relevant.
Professi...
Django follows the Model-View-Controller (MVC) architecture pattern for organizing code.
Model: Represents the data structure and handles database operations.
View: Handles user interface logic and renders templates.
Controller: Acts as a bridge between the Model and View, processing user requests and returning responses.
I applied via Company Website
I applied via Naukri.com and was interviewed in Jul 2024. There were 2 interview rounds.
HTML, CSS, JavaScript, mongoDb nodeJs reactjs
I appeared for an interview in Feb 2025, where I was asked the following questions.
I left my last job to seek new challenges, enhance my skills, and pursue opportunities that align with my career goals.
I wanted to grow professionally and felt I had reached a plateau in my previous role.
I was looking for a company culture that aligns more closely with my values, such as innovation and collaboration.
I sought opportunities to work on more complex projects that would allow me to leverage my technical ski...
The duration of HCLTech Software Engineer interview process can vary, but typically it takes about less than 2 weeks to complete.
based on 229 interview experiences
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