Cognizant System Software Engineer Interview Questions and Answers

Slew rate is the rate at which an electrical signal changes over time.

• Slew rate measures how quickly the voltage of a signal can change.

• It is typically expressed in volts per microsecond (V/μs).

• A high slew rate indicates a signal can change rapidly, while a low slew rate indicates a slower change.

• Slew rate is important in applications where fast signal transitions are required, such as in amplifiers or digital circuits...read more

An oscillator is an electronic circuit that produces a periodic, oscillating electronic signal.

• Oscillators are used in many electronic devices, such as radios, televisions, and computers.

• They are also used in clocks, watches, and other timekeeping devices.

• There are many different types of oscillators, including crystal oscillators, LC oscillators, and RC oscillators.

• Oscillators can produce signals at a wide range of fr...read more

Gain is the increase in signal power or amplitude produced by an amplifier or other electronic device.

• Gain is a measure of amplification.

• It is the ratio of output power to input power.

• It can be expressed in decibels (dB).

• For example, if an amplifier has a gain of 10, it will increase the input signal by a factor of 10.

• Gain is an important parameter in designing and analyzing electronic circuits.

A flip-flop is a digital circuit that can store a single bit of information.

• It has two stable states: 0 and 1.

• It can be used to store data, count pulses, and synchronize digital circuits.

• Examples include D flip-flop, JK flip-flop, and T flip-flop.

GSM stands for Global System for Mobile Communications, a standard for mobile communication networks.

• GSM is a digital cellular network technology used for voice and data communication.

• It was first introduced in 1991 and is now widely used in over 200 countries.

• GSM uses a SIM card to identify and authenticate users on the network.

• It operates on different frequency bands depending on the region.

• GSM has been largely repla...read more

Hamming distance is the number of positions at which the corresponding symbols are different between two strings of equal length.

• Hamming distance is used in coding theory, information theory, and cryptography.

• It is also used in DNA analysis to measure the genetic distance between two sequences.

• For example, the Hamming distance between '10101' and '11100' is 2.

• It can be calculated by comparing each symbol in the two str...read more

Resonance is the phenomenon of an object vibrating at its natural frequency due to the influence of an external force.

• Resonance occurs when an object is subjected to an external force that matches its natural frequency.

• This causes the object to vibrate with increasing amplitude.

• Examples of resonance include a tuning fork vibrating when struck, a wine glass shattering due to a high-pitched sound, and a bridge collapsing...read more

Digital communication is the transmission of information through digital signals.

• Digital communication uses binary code to represent data.

• It can be done through various mediums such as wires, fiber optics, or wireless signals.

• Examples include email, text messaging, and video conferencing.

• Digital communication allows for faster and more efficient transmission of information compared to analog communication.

Program to reverse a string

• Create an empty string to store the reversed string

• Iterate through the original string from end to start

• Append each character to the new string

• Return the reversed string

A program to print name using an array of strings.

• Declare an array of strings with the name.

• Assign the name to the array.

• Loop through the array and print each string.

A pointer is a variable that stores the memory address of another variable. An array is a collection of similar data types.

• Pointers are used to manipulate memory and create dynamic data structures.

• Arrays can be one-dimensional or multi-dimensional, and are accessed using index values.

• One-dimensional arrays are like a list of items, while two-dimensional arrays are like a table with rows and columns.

• Example: int *ptr; i...read more

An object is an instance of a class. A class is a blueprint for creating objects.

• An object is a data structure that contains data and methods.

• A class is a template or blueprint for creating objects.

• Objects are created from classes using the 'new' keyword.

• Classes define the properties and behaviors of objects.

• Inheritance allows classes to inherit properties and behaviors from other classes.

• Polymorphism allows objects to...read more