100+ Tech Mahindra Interview Questions and Answers

My commitment is to always give my best effort and support to those in need.

• I am dedicated to helping others and making a positive impact

• I prioritize the well-being and needs of those I am assisting

• I am reliable and consistent in my support

• I am committed to continuous learning and improvement in order to better serve others

Array is a data structure that stores a collection of elements, while OOPs (Object-Oriented Programming) is a programming paradigm that uses objects and classes for code organization. Inheritance is a feature in OOPs where a class inherits properties and behaviors from another class.

• Arrays are used to store multiple values in a single variable, while OOPs focuses on creating objects that contain data and methods.

• Inheritance in OOPs allows a class to inherit properties and met...read more

A root bridge is a bridge in a network that serves as a reference point for all other bridges in the network.

• The root bridge is elected based on the lowest bridge ID, which consists of a priority value and a MAC address.

• All other bridges in the network determine the best path to the root bridge for forwarding network traffic.

• The root bridge is responsible for ensuring that there are no loops in the network topology.

Memory can be checked using various tools and techniques to monitor usage and performance.

• Use task manager or activity monitor to check memory usage in real-time

• Run memory diagnostic tools to identify any issues with memory modules

• Monitor memory performance using performance monitoring tools like PerfMon on Windows or vmstat on Unix-based systems

Hypothesis testing is a statistical method used to make inferences or draw conclusions about a population based on sample data.

• Hypothesis testing involves formulating a null hypothesis and an alternative hypothesis.

• It is used to determine if there is enough evidence to reject the null hypothesis in favor of the alternative hypothesis.

• The process involves selecting a significance level, conducting a statistical test, and interpreting the results.

• Examples include testing whethe...read more

SQL Server is a relational database management system developed by Microsoft.

• Developed by Microsoft

• Used for storing and retrieving data

• Supports SQL language for querying and managing databases

Developed a web application for tracking employee attendance and generating reports.

• Used HTML, CSS, and JavaScript for front-end development

• Utilized Node.js and Express for back-end development

• Implemented MySQL database for storing employee data

Promises are objects representing the eventual completion or failure of an asynchronous operation.

• Promises are used to handle asynchronous operations in JavaScript.

• They can be in one of three states: pending, fulfilled, or rejected.

• Promises can be chained using .then() to handle success and .catch() to handle errors.

• Example: fetch() API returns a promise that resolves with the response to a request.

OOPs concepts are fundamental principles in object-oriented programming. Keywords are reserved words with special meaning in a programming language.

• OOPs concepts include inheritance, encapsulation, polymorphism, and abstraction.

• Keywords are reserved words like 'class', 'public', 'static', 'void' in Java.

• Inheritance allows a class to inherit properties and behavior from another class.

• Encapsulation is the bundling of data and methods that operate on the data into a single unit....read more

Skills used in production engineering involve technical knowledge, problem-solving abilities, communication skills, and project management.

• Technical knowledge in areas such as manufacturing processes, materials science, and quality control

• Problem-solving abilities to troubleshoot issues and optimize production processes

• Communication skills to collaborate with cross-functional teams and convey technical information effectively

• Project management skills to plan and execute produ...read more

Java is a popular programming language used for developing various applications. JVM is a virtual machine that executes Java bytecode.

• Java is an object-oriented programming language known for its platform independence.

• JVM stands for Java Virtual Machine, which is responsible for running Java bytecode.

• Java programs are compiled into bytecode that can be executed by the JVM.

• JVM provides features like memory management, garbage collection, and security.

• Examples of JVM languages ...read more

I am a software developer with a passion for problem-solving and creating innovative solutions.

• I have a Bachelor's degree in Computer Science from XYZ University.

• I have experience working with various programming languages such as Java, Python, and JavaScript.

• I have developed several web applications, including a project management tool for a previous employer.

• I enjoy learning new technologies and staying up-to-date with industry trends.

ME21N is the tcode for creating a Purchase Order in SAP

• ME21N is used to create a new Purchase Order

• ME22N is used to change an existing Purchase Order

• ME23N is used to display a Purchase Order

My take home salary is Rs [insert amount here].

• My take home salary is the amount I receive after all deductions such as taxes, insurance, and other benefits.

• It is important to note that my salary may vary depending on my position and experience.

• I am willing to negotiate my salary based on the responsibilities and expectations of the Regional Head position.

• I am open to discussing any additional benefits or perks that may be included in the compensation package.

SQL (Structured Query Language) in RDBMS (Relational Database Management System) is a language used to manage and manipulate data in databases.

• SQL is used to retrieve, insert, update, and delete data in a database

• It allows for creating and modifying database schemas

• SQL is a standard language for relational databases such as MySQL, PostgreSQL, and Oracle

• Examples of SQL commands include SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE

Serving a table involves setting it up, taking orders, delivering food and drinks, and clearing the table.

• Start by setting the table with appropriate cutlery, plates, and glasses.

• Greet the customers and take their orders, making sure to note any special requests or allergies.

• Deliver the food and drinks promptly and with a smile.

• Check on the customers throughout the meal to ensure they are satisfied.

• Clear the table once the customers have finished, and offer dessert or coffee ...read more

STP stands for Spanning Tree Protocol, a network protocol that ensures a loop-free topology in Ethernet networks.

• STP prevents loops in Ethernet networks by blocking redundant paths

• It selects a single path for data transmission while blocking others

• STP uses Bridge Protocol Data Units (BPDUs) to exchange information between switches

• Common variants include RSTP (Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol) and MSTP (Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol)

I have a Bachelor's degree in Business Administration and a Master's degree in Finance.

• Bachelor's degree in Business Administration

• Master's degree in Finance

Technical specifications refer to the detailed requirements and characteristics of a product or project.

• Technical specifications outline the materials, dimensions, and performance standards required for a project.

• They are often included in project contracts and used to ensure that all parties involved understand the requirements.

• Examples of technical specifications include the strength of concrete for a building foundation or the size and weight of a bridge beam.

• They are impo...read more

SQL joins are used to combine data from two or more tables. Indexes are used to improve query performance.

• Types of SQL joins: Inner join, Left join, Right join, Full outer join, Cross join

• Indexes: Clustered index, Non-clustered index, Unique index, Filtered index

A database is a structured collection of data that is organized in a way that allows for easy access, management, and retrieval.

• A database stores data in tables, which consist of rows and columns.

• It allows for efficient querying and manipulation of data.

• Examples of databases include MySQL, Oracle, and MongoDB.

PM key is a primary key in a database table that uniquely identifies each record.

• PM key stands for Primary Key

• It is used to uniquely identify each record in a database table

• It ensures data integrity and helps in efficient data retrieval

• Example: In a table of employees, the PM key could be the employee ID

Cloud computing is the delivery of computing services over the internet, offering resources like storage, databases, networking, and more.

• On-demand access to resources

• Scalability and flexibility

• Pay-as-you-go pricing model

• Examples: AWS, Azure, Google Cloud

A converter is a device that changes the form of an electrical signal, such as voltage, current, or frequency.

• Converters can change AC to DC or vice versa

• They can also change the voltage level of a signal

• Examples include rectifiers, inverters, and voltage regulators

UNION combines the results of two or more SELECT statements, while UNION ALL returns all rows including duplicates.

• UNION removes duplicate rows, while UNION ALL does not

• UNION sorts the result set, while UNION ALL does not

• UNION is slower than UNION ALL because it performs a distinct operation

I have 10 years of experience in B2B sales.

• I have worked in various industries such as IT, healthcare, and manufacturing.

• I have successfully closed deals with Fortune 500 companies.

• I have experience in managing a team of sales professionals.

• I have consistently exceeded my sales targets.

• I have a strong understanding of the sales process and customer relationship management.

A quality purchaser is one who has a deep understanding of the market, negotiates well, and builds strong relationships with suppliers.

• Has a thorough understanding of the market and industry trends

• Negotiates effectively to secure the best deals for the company

• Builds strong relationships with suppliers to ensure timely delivery and quality products

• Maintains a high level of professionalism and ethical standards

• Continuously seeks to improve processes and reduce costs

Bug life cycle in JIRA involves creation, assignment, fixing, testing, and closure.

• Bug is reported by a user or tester

• Bug is assigned to a developer

• Developer fixes the bug

• Tester verifies the fix

• Bug is closed if verified

Test case design techniques involve various methods to create effective test cases.

• Equivalence Partitioning: Dividing input data into valid and invalid partitions.

• Boundary Value Analysis: Testing at the boundaries of input ranges.

• Decision Table Testing: Creating a table to represent different combinations of inputs and outputs.

• State Transition Testing: Testing different states of a system.

• Use Case Testing: Testing based on user scenarios.

• Pairwise Testing: Testing all possible...read more

Merge k sorted linked lists into one sorted linked list

• Use a min heap to keep track of the smallest element from each list

• Pop the smallest element from the heap and add it to the merged list

• Add the next element from the list of the popped element back to the heap if available

Reverse a string or array list

• Use built-in functions like reverse() or reverseOrder()

• Iterate through the array and swap elements from start to end

• Create a new array and copy elements in reverse order

Swapped nodes in a binary search tree need to be identified.

• In-order traversal of the BST can be used to identify swapped nodes.

• If a node is smaller than its previous node, it is a swapped node.

• If two swapped nodes are identified, swap their values to restore the BST.

• If only one swapped node is identified, swap its value with its successor or predecessor.

Regression testing is the process of retesting a software application to ensure that new code changes have not adversely affected existing functionality.

• Performed after code changes to ensure that existing functionality still works as expected

• Helps in identifying any defects introduced by new code changes

• Automated tools can be used to streamline the regression testing process

• Examples include running test cases that cover critical functionalities of the application

Angular is a popular front-end framework for building dynamic web applications.

• Angular is developed and maintained by Google.

• It uses TypeScript for building applications.

• Angular provides features like two-way data binding, dependency injection, and routing.

• Examples: AngularJS, Angular 2, Angular 4, Angular 5, Angular 6, Angular 7, Angular 8, Angular 9, Angular 10, Angular 11, Angular 12

HashMap is a data structure in Java that stores key-value pairs and allows for fast retrieval of values based on keys.

• HashMap implements the Map interface and uses hashing to store elements.

• It allows for one null key and multiple null values.

• Example: HashMap<String, Integer> map = new HashMap<>(); map.put("apple", 5); int value = map.get("apple");

Collections in Java are classes and interfaces that provide a way to store and manipulate groups of objects.

• Collections provide a way to store and manipulate groups of objects in Java

• They include interfaces like List, Set, and Map, and classes like ArrayList, HashSet, and HashMap

• Collections framework provides algorithms to manipulate collections such as sorting, searching, and shuffling

VLAN stands for Virtual Local Area Network, used to segment network traffic. VTP stands for VLAN Trunking Protocol, used to manage VLAN configuration.

• VLAN is used to divide a physical network into multiple logical networks

• VLANs help in improving network performance, security, and manageability

• VTP is used to synchronize VLAN configurations across multiple switches in a network

Sale is the process of exchanging goods or services for money or other valuable consideration.

• Sale involves a buyer and a seller

• It can be a one-time transaction or a recurring one

• The price of the goods or services is negotiated between the parties involved

• Payment can be made in cash, credit, or other forms of payment

• Examples include buying a car, purchasing a subscription, or selling a product on an e-commerce website

A simple stop watch application using React Js

• Create a React component for the stop watch

• Use state to keep track of the elapsed time

• Implement start, stop, and reset functionality

• Display the elapsed time in a user-friendly format

Batch Apex is used to process large amounts of data asynchronously in Salesforce.

• Batch Apex is used to handle large data volumes by breaking the processing into smaller chunks called batches.

• It is useful for operations that involve complex queries, long-running processes, or data manipulation.

• Batch Apex jobs can be scheduled to run at specific times or can be run manually.

• It is commonly used for data cleansing, data migration, and data integration tasks.

• Example: Processing th...read more

OOPs concepts are fundamental principles in object-oriented programming that help in organizing and designing code.

• Encapsulation: Bundling data and methods that operate on the data into a single unit (class)

• Inheritance: Allowing a class to inherit properties and behavior from another class

• Polymorphism: Ability of objects to take on multiple forms or types

• Abstraction: Hiding complex implementation details and showing only necessary features

Stack memory is a memory space used for storing local variables and function call information in a program.

• Stack memory is a region of memory that operates in a Last In First Out (LIFO) manner.

• It is used for storing local variables, function parameters, return addresses, and function call information.

• Stack memory is limited in size and is typically smaller than heap memory.

• Example: When a function is called, its local variables are stored in the stack memory and removed when ...read more

Code snippet for creating a checkbox in HTML

• Use the <input> tag with type='checkbox'

• Set the 'name' attribute for grouping checkboxes

• Use the 'checked' attribute to pre-select the checkbox

To reverse a linked list, iterate through the list and change the direction of pointers.

• Start with three pointers: current, previous, and next.

• Iterate through the list, updating the pointers to reverse the direction of the links.

• Update the head of the list to point to the last node as the new head.

Types of joins in SQL include inner join, left join, right join, and full outer join.

• Inner join: returns rows when there is a match in both tables

• Left join: returns all rows from the left table and the matched rows from the right table

• Right join: returns all rows from the right table and the matched rows from the left table

• Full outer join: returns all rows when there is a match in either table

Best practices in SQL include using indexes, optimizing queries, normalizing data, and using stored procedures.

• Use indexes to improve query performance

• Optimize queries by avoiding unnecessary joins and using appropriate WHERE clauses

• Normalize data to reduce redundancy and improve data integrity

• Use stored procedures for frequently executed tasks to improve performance

Our 5 year hiring plan focuses on strategic growth, diversity, and talent development.

• Identify key positions that need to be filled to support company growth

• Implement diversity initiatives to attract and retain a diverse workforce

• Invest in talent development programs to upskill current employees and promote from within

My current CTC is [insert amount] and I am expecting a salary of [insert amount] for this position.

• Be honest about your current salary and expected salary

• Research the industry standard for the position and location

• Consider your experience and qualifications when determining expected salary

• Negotiate if necessary but be reasonable

NDT stands for Non-Destructive Testing, a method used to evaluate the properties of a material, component, or system without causing damage.

• NDT is used to detect flaws or defects in materials or structures without causing damage.

• Common methods of NDT include ultrasonic testing, radiographic testing, magnetic particle testing, and dye penetrant testing.

• NDT is widely used in industries such as aerospace, automotive, construction, and manufacturing to ensure the safety and relia...read more

Understanding the technical aspects of the field is crucial for success in this role.

• Knowledge of industry-specific software and tools

• Understanding of technical processes and procedures

• Ability to troubleshoot technical issues

• Familiarity with coding languages and programming concepts

My strengths include strong analytical skills, attention to detail, problem-solving abilities, and excellent communication skills.

• Strong analytical skills - able to analyze complex data and identify trends

• Attention to detail - meticulous in reviewing and ensuring accuracy of work

• Problem-solving abilities - adept at finding solutions to technical issues

• Excellent communication skills - able to effectively communicate technical information to non-technical stakeholders

Distinct characters refer to unique qualities or traits that set individuals apart from others.

• Distinct characters can include personality traits, skills, experiences, values, and beliefs.

• For example, someone may have a distinct character of being highly organized and detail-oriented, while another person may have a distinct character of being creative and innovative.

• These distinct characters can influence how individuals approach tasks, interact with others, and make decisio...read more

Kadane's algorithm is used to find the maximum subarray sum in an array.

• Iterate through the array and keep track of the maximum sum ending at each index.

• If the current element is greater than the sum ending at the previous index, start a new subarray.

• Return the maximum sum found.

• Example: For array [-2, 1, -3, 4, -1, 2, 1, -5, 4], the maximum subarray sum is 6 (from index 3 to 6).

A simple counter app using React Js

• Create a React component for the counter

• Use state to keep track of the count

• Implement buttons to increment and decrement the count

Collections in Java are data structures that store and manipulate groups of objects.

• Collections framework provides interfaces (List, Set, Map) and classes (ArrayList, HashSet, HashMap) for storing and manipulating data

• Collections offer methods for adding, removing, and accessing elements in a structured manner

• Collections can be used to store objects of any type, including custom objects

let is used for variables that can be reassigned, while const is used for variables that cannot be reassigned.

• Use let when you need to reassign a variable, such as in a loop

• Use const when you want to ensure a variable's value does not change, such as for a constant like PI

• let and const are block-scoped, meaning they only exist within the block they are defined in

• const variables must be initialized with a value when they are declared

My expectation is to learn and grow in a supportive environment, where I can apply my engineering knowledge and skills to real-world projects.

• I expect to receive proper training and guidance from experienced engineers

• I hope to work on challenging projects that allow me to apply my technical skills

• I look forward to opportunities for professional development and advancement within the company

Programmable Logic Controller

• PLC stands for Programmable Logic Controller

• Used in industrial automation to control machinery and processes

• Commonly used in manufacturing plants, power stations, and transportation systems