TCS Interview Questions, Process, and Tips

Explanation of OOPs concepts with an example

• OOPs stands for Object-Oriented Programming

• Encapsulation - Binding data and functions that manipulate the data together

• Inheritance - A class can inherit properties and methods from another class

• Polymorphism - Ability of an object to take many forms

• Abstraction - Hiding implementation details and showing only functionality

• Example: A car is an object that has properties like col...read more

Polymorphism is the ability of an object to take on many forms.

• It allows objects of different classes to be treated as if they were objects of the same class.

• It is achieved through method overriding and method overloading.

• Example: A shape class can have different subclasses like circle, square, triangle, etc. and all of them can be treated as shapes.

• Example: A method can have different implementations in different clas...read more

State management is the process of managing the state of an application or system.

• It involves storing and updating data that represents the current state of the application.

• State can be managed locally or globally, depending on the architecture of the application.

• Common techniques for state management include using local state, global state, and state containers like Redux.

• Examples of state management in action include...read more

View state is a feature in ASP.NET that preserves the state of server-side controls between postbacks.

• View state is used to maintain the state of server-side controls between postbacks.

• It is a hidden field on the page that stores the values of the controls.

• View state can be disabled to improve performance, but it may cause issues with control state.

• Example: A text box retains its value even after a postback due to view

JavaScript selectors are used to select and manipulate HTML elements.

• Selectors can be used with methods like getElementById(), getElementsByClassName(), and querySelector().

• Selectors can target specific elements based on their tag name, class, ID, attributes, and more.

• Selectors can also be combined to create more complex queries.

• Examples: document.getElementById('myElement'), document.querySelector('.myClass')

A procedure is a set of instructions that performs a specific task, while a function is a procedure that returns a value.

• Procedures are used to perform actions, while functions are used to calculate and return values.

• Procedures do not have a return statement, while functions always have a return statement.

• Functions can be called within expressions, while procedures cannot.

• Procedures can have input parameters, while fun...read more

Constraints are limitations or restrictions that are put in place to ensure certain requirements are met.

• Constraints can be physical, such as the size of a database or the amount of memory available

• Constraints can also be logical, such as business rules or security requirements

• Constraints can help ensure data integrity and prevent errors or security breaches

• Examples of constraints include primary keys, foreign keys, ch

A trigger is a special type of stored procedure that automatically executes in response to certain events.

• Triggers are used to enforce business rules or to perform complex calculations.

• Syntax: CREATE TRIGGER trigger_name {BEFORE | AFTER} {INSERT | UPDATE | DELETE} ON table_name FOR EACH ROW {trigger_body}

• Example: CREATE TRIGGER audit_log AFTER INSERT ON employees FOR EACH ROW INSERT INTO audit VALUES (NEW.id, 'inserted