30+ Senior Software Development Engineer Interview Questions and Answers

Level order traversal of a binary search tree from leaf to root.

• Perform a level order traversal of the binary search tree

• Start from the leaf nodes and move towards the root

• Print the nodes in a single line or print a new line for every level

Answers to common technical questions related to Spring Boot, microservices, programming concepts, and sample program implementation.

• Spring Boot annotations include @RestController, @Service, @Component, @Autowired, @RequestMapping, etc.

• Microservice architecture is a design approach where an application is composed of small, independent services that communicate over HTTP/REST or messaging protocols.

• Call by value passes a copy of the variable's value to a function, while call...read more

You can reset the identity column using DBCC Checkident command.

• Use DBCC Checkident command with RESEED option to reset the identity column.

• Specify the table name and the new identity value as parameters.

• For example, to insert a new identity of 100 in a table named 'MyTable', use: DBCC Checkident('MyTable', RESEED, 100);

To remove the nth node from the end of a linked list, we can use a two-pointer approach.

• Use two pointers, one moving n steps ahead of the other

• When the first pointer reaches the end, the second pointer will be at the nth node from the end

• Adjust the pointers to remove the nth node

CLR stands for Common Language Runtime. Delegates are type-safe function pointers. SOLID principles are design principles for software development. OOP pillars are Abstraction, Encapsulation, Inheritance, Polymorphism.

• CLR is the runtime environment in which .NET applications run.

• Delegates are type-safe function pointers that allow methods to be passed as parameters.

• SOLID principles are Single Responsibility, Open/Closed, Liskov Substitution, Interface Segregation, Dependency ...read more

Use parallel processing and efficient data structures to dump large data efficiently.

• Utilize parallel processing to divide the data into smaller chunks and process them simultaneously.

• Implement efficient data structures like arrays, hashmaps, or trees to store and retrieve the data quickly.

• Optimize the code for memory usage and processing speed to handle large amounts of data efficiently.

Java 8 introduced several new features such as lambda expressions, streams, and functional interfaces.

• Lambda expressions allow for more concise code by enabling functional programming.

• Streams provide a way to work with collections in a more functional style, allowing for parallel processing and lazy evaluation.

• Functional interfaces are interfaces with a single abstract method, which can be implemented using lambda expressions.

• Other features include default methods in interfac...read more

Sort and remove duplicates from a list of numbers

• Convert the list of numbers to an array of strings

• Use a sorting algorithm to sort the array in ascending order

• Remove duplicates by iterating through the array and keeping track of unique elements

Design a validator and write a running code within 30 mins

• Define the validation rules and criteria

• Implement the validation logic using a programming language of choice

• Test the validator with different input data to ensure accuracy

Find duplicate elements from array

• Iterate through the array and use a hash set to keep track of seen elements

• If an element is already in the set, it is a duplicate

• Return the set of duplicate elements

Dependency injection is used to decouple components and improve testability, maintainability, and flexibility.

• Enables loose coupling between components

• Improves testability by allowing easy mocking and stubbing of dependencies

• Enhances maintainability by separating concerns and reducing code duplication

• Increases flexibility by enabling runtime configuration of dependencies

• Promotes modular and reusable code

• Facilitates easier unit testing and integration testing

Sort an arraylist with java stream and functional interfaces

• Use the sorted() method of Stream to sort the arraylist

• Pass a Comparator to the sorted() method to define the sorting order

• Use lambda expressions or method references to define the Comparator

• Collect the sorted stream back into an ArrayList using the collect() method

Convert an array of strings to a LinkedList

• Create a new LinkedList

• Iterate through the array and add each element to the LinkedList

Design a transaction system Bank Wallet.

• Implement user authentication and authorization for secure transactions

• Allow users to deposit, withdraw, and transfer funds

• Provide transaction history and balance updates

• Implement security measures such as encryption and two-factor authentication

SQL is a programming language used for managing and manipulating relational databases.

• SQL stands for Structured Query Language.

• It is used to communicate with databases to retrieve, insert, update, and delete data.

• Common SQL commands include SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE.

• SQL can be used to create and modify database schemas.

• Examples of popular database management systems that use SQL include MySQL, PostgreSQL, and Oracle.

I will explain my code and suggest improvements for better performance and readability.

• Start by providing an overview of the code structure and functionality.

• Explain the key algorithms and data structures used in the code.

• Discuss any potential bottlenecks or areas for optimization.

• Suggest improvements such as refactoring for better readability, optimizing algorithms, or implementing best practices.

• Provide examples of before and after code snippets to illustrate improvements.

chop and chomp are string manipulation functions in programming languages.

• chop removes the last character from a string

• chomp removes the newline character from the end of a string

• Both functions are commonly used in languages like Perl and Ruby

A cloud storage service like Google Drive for storing and sharing files

• Allow users to upload, store, and organize files in folders

• Provide sharing options for files and folders with permissions

• Include collaboration features like real-time editing and commenting

• Offer integration with other services like Google Docs, Sheets, and Slides

New syntaxes in SAP S4 HANA include CDS views, AMDP, and SQLScript enhancements.

• Core Data Services (CDS) views allow for defining data models and database views in a single language.

• ABAP Managed Database Procedures (AMDP) enable the execution of database procedures within ABAP code.

• SQLScript enhancements provide improved performance and flexibility for database operations.

Designing a workflow engine involves creating a system to manage and execute a series of tasks in a specific order.

• Identify the different steps or tasks in the workflow

• Define the dependencies between tasks

• Implement logic for task execution and error handling

• Consider scalability and performance requirements

• Use a state machine or graph-based approach for modeling workflows

A trigger write with logic explanation in software development.

• Triggers are database objects that are automatically executed or fired when certain events occur in a database.

• Triggers can be used to enforce business rules, validate input data, or maintain referential integrity.

• Example: A trigger can be set up to automatically update a 'last_modified' timestamp whenever a record is updated in a table.

A bug is an error, flaw, failure, or fault in a computer program or system that causes it to produce incorrect or unexpected results.

• A bug can manifest as a software crash, incorrect output, or unexpected behavior.

• Bugs can be caused by coding errors, design flaws, or unexpected interactions between different components.

• Examples of bugs include logic errors, syntax errors, and memory leaks.

A dataset is a collection of data that is organized in a structured format for easy access and analysis.

• A dataset can consist of a single table or multiple tables of data.

• Each row in a dataset represents a unique record, while each column represents a specific attribute or variable.

• Datasets can be used for various purposes such as statistical analysis, machine learning, and data visualization.

Microservices are a software development approach where applications are broken down into smaller, independent services that communicate with each other through APIs.

• Microservices allow for greater flexibility and scalability in software development.

• Each microservice is responsible for a specific function or feature of the application.

• Microservices can be developed, deployed, and scaled independently of each other.

• Examples of companies using microservices include Netflix, Ama...read more

To find the middle of a linked list, use the slow and fast pointer technique.

• Initialize two pointers, slow and fast, both pointing to the head of the linked list.

• Move the slow pointer by one step and the fast pointer by two steps until the fast pointer reaches the end of the list.

• The position of the slow pointer will be the middle of the linked list.

Java 8 introduced new features like lambda expressions, streams, and functional interfaces.

• Lambda expressions allow for more concise code and easier parallel programming.

• Streams provide a way to work with collections in a functional style.

• Functional interfaces can have only one abstract method and are used for lambda expressions.

• Optional class helps to avoid NullPointerExceptions.

• Default methods allow interfaces to have method implementations.

• Method references provide a way t...read more

Spring is a powerful and lightweight framework for building Java applications.

• Spring provides comprehensive infrastructure support for developing Java applications.

• It promotes good design practices such as dependency injection and aspect-oriented programming.

• Spring Boot simplifies the setup and configuration of Spring applications.

• Spring MVC is a popular module for building web applications.

• Spring Data JPA simplifies data access with JPA.

• Spring Security provides authenticatio...read more