Orange Business Interview Questions, Process, and Tips

A network is a group of interconnected devices that communicate with each other to share resources and information.

• Networks can be wired or wireless

• They can be local (LAN) or wide area (WAN)

• They use protocols such as TCP/IP to facilitate communication

• Examples include the internet, corporate networks, and home networks

The basic steps of network troubleshooting involve identifying the problem, gathering information, isolating the issue, testing solutions, and implementing fixes.

• Identify the problem by gathering information from the user or monitoring tools

• Isolate the issue by checking connectivity, configurations, and logs

• Test potential solutions by implementing changes or using diagnostic tools

• Implement fixes by applying changes to ...read more

VLAN stands for Virtual Local Area Network. It is a logical grouping of devices on a network based on function, project, or application.

• VLANs allow network administrators to segment a network into smaller, more manageable groups.

• Each VLAN is a separate broadcast domain, which means that broadcasts sent by a device in one VLAN are not seen by devices in other VLANs.

• There are two types of VLANs: port-based VLANs and tag-...read more

STP stands for Spanning Tree Protocol. Port Fast is a feature in STP that allows a port to bypass the listening and learning states.

• STP is a protocol used to prevent loops in a network by blocking redundant paths

• It works by electing a root bridge and calculating the shortest path to it

• Port Fast is a feature that allows a port to immediately transition to forwarding state, bypassing the listening and learning states

• It i...read more

OSPF is a routing protocol used in IP networks to distribute IP routing information.

• OSPF stands for Open Shortest Path First

• It is a link-state routing protocol

• OSPF packets include Hello, Database Description, Link State Request, Link State Update, and Link State Acknowledgement

• Hello packets are used to establish and maintain neighbor relationships

• Database Description packets are used to exchange information about the c...read more

A router is a networking device that forwards data packets between computer networks.

• Routers operate at the network layer of the OSI model.

• They use routing tables to determine the best path for data to travel.

• Routers can connect different types of networks, such as LANs and WANs.

• Examples of routers include Cisco, Juniper, and TP-Link.

• Routers can provide security features such as firewalls and VPNs.

L2 switches operate at the data link layer and L3 switches operate at the network layer.

• L2 switches forward traffic based on MAC addresses while L3 switches forward traffic based on IP addresses.

• L2 switches are simpler and less expensive than L3 switches.

• L3 switches can perform routing functions and support multiple VLANs while L2 switches cannot.

• L3 switches are used in larger networks where routing and VLANs are neces...read more

A firewall is a network security device that monitors and controls incoming and outgoing network traffic based on predetermined security rules.

• Firewall acts as a barrier between a trusted internal network and an untrusted external network.

• It filters network traffic based on IP addresses, ports, protocols, and other criteria.

• Firewalls can be hardware-based or software-based.

• They can be configured to allow or block speci...read more

Policy is a set of rules or guidelines that dictate how a network should be managed and used.

• Identify the purpose of the policy

• Define the scope of the policy

• Determine the target audience

• Create the policy document

• Communicate the policy to all stakeholders

• Enforce the policy and regularly review and update it