NIPA International Interview Questions and Answers

SPI, UART, and I2C are communication serial protocols used in embedded systems to transfer data between devices.

• SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface) is a full-duplex synchronous communication protocol commonly used for communication between microcontrollers and peripheral devices.

• UART (Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter) is a serial communication protocol that uses two wires for data transmission and is commonly ...read more

Kernel space is a protected area of memory where the core of the operating system resides. Device drivers are software that allows the operating system to communicate with hardware devices.

• Kernel space is a privileged area of memory that is reserved for the core components of the operating system.

• Device drivers are software modules that facilitate communication between the operating system and hardware devices.

• Experien...read more

OS boot up sequence involves several steps such as BIOS initialization, bootloader loading, kernel loading, and initialization of system services.

• BIOS (Basic Input/Output System) initialization

• Bootloader loading (e.g. GRUB, LILO)

• Kernel loading and initialization

• Init process execution

• System services initialization

A diode is a two-terminal electronic component that allows current to flow in one direction only, while a transistor is a three-terminal electronic component that can amplify or switch electronic signals.

• Diode has two terminals, anode and cathode, and allows current to flow in one direction only

• Transistor has three terminals, base, emitter, and collector, and can amplify or switch electronic signals

• Diodes are used in r...read more

A microprocessor is a small electronic device that functions as the central processing unit of a computer.

• Microprocessors are made up of millions of tiny components like transistors, resistors, and capacitors.

• They execute instructions and perform calculations for various tasks.

• Examples of microprocessors include Intel's Core i7, AMD's Ryzen, and ARM's Cortex series.

Communication is the process of exchanging information, ideas, thoughts, or feelings between individuals or groups.

• Communication involves both verbal and non-verbal methods.

• Effective communication requires active listening and clear expression.

• Examples include speaking, writing, body language, and gestures.

• Communication can be one-way or two-way.

• Feedback is essential for successful communication.