NEWAGE ANALYTICS AND SOFTWARE SOLUTIONS Interview Questions and Answers

Q1. Asking introduction and tools
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Q2. Asking command and down Time
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Q1. Core Java questions and multithreading basics like executor service
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Q2. Spring boot error handling, simple questions on distributed systems
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Q3. Coding question. Requested to do in O(n ) time complexity as oppsed to O(n2) suggested by me.
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Q1. Given an array find all the numbers whose sum is 11 using streams only
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Q2. Spring boot basics, hibernate queries, what is native query
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Q1. Design patterns in Java, write a singleton class
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Q2. Spring IOC and AOP
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A case study in an Optum interview typically revolves around solving a real-world problem related to healthcare, data analysis, technology, or business strategy, given Optum’s focus on healthcare services and technology solutions. Here are some tips on how to approach a case study interview at Optum and a sample example:

Steps to Approach an Optum Case Study:

1. Understand the Problem Statement:

Take time to read the case study carefully and make sure you understand the key issue or question.

Identify the stakeholders involved (patients, healthcare providers, insurance companies, etc.) and the objective (cost reduction, improving patient outcomes, increasing efficiency, etc.).



2. Clarify Assumptions:

If there are any ambiguous elements, ask questions to clarify the problem.

You can also state your assumptions if you're making any, but be clear that these are assumptions.



3. Break Down the Problem:

Identify key data points you would need to analyze.

Break the problem into smaller pieces that can be addressed step-by-step.



4. Analyze:

Use frameworks like SWOT analysis, PESTLE analysis, or Porter’s Five Forces if applicable to the case.

In case of a data-related problem, try to identify key metrics (such as patient satisfaction, cost, quality of care, etc.) and how they can be improved or measured.

For technology-related cases, consider aspects like scalability, security, user experience, and integration with existing systems.



5. Propose a Solution:

Present your findings logically and suggest a solution based on your analysis.

Make sure to consider both short-term and long-term impacts on patient

Q1. When interviewing with Optum, you can expect a mix of technical, behavioral, and situational questions, especially considering their focus on healthcare services, technology, and data analysis. Here are so...read more
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Computer typing should be 40 wpm. And optional question answer multiple choice questions

Q1. How many variance in sap?
Ans. 
The number of variances in SAP can vary depending on the specific processes and transactions being analyzed.
• The number of variances in SAP can be influenced by factors such as data entry errors, system glitches, or discrepancies in invoice processing.

• Variances in SAP may be identified through reconciliation processes, exception reports, or manual reviews of accounts payable transactions.

• Examples of variances in SAP inc...read more
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Q2. We cac explain the all accounts receivable and accounts payable
Ans. 
Accounts receivable and accounts payable are two important aspects of a company's financial operations.
• Accounts receivable refers to money owed to a company by its customers for goods or services provided.

• Accounts payable refers to money owed by a company to its suppliers or vendors for goods or services received.

• Accounts receivable is an asset on the balance sheet, while accounts payable is a liability.

• Managing accoun...read more
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Q3. What is the cost element and cost center?
Ans. 
Cost element and cost center are key concepts in accounting for tracking and allocating costs within an organization.
• Cost element refers to the specific types of costs incurred by an organization, such as materials, labor, or overhead.

• Cost center is a specific department, team, or function within an organization that is responsible for incurring costs.

• Cost elements are assigned to cost centers to track and allocate cos...read more
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Q4. How many we have currencies in sap?
Ans. 
SAP supports over 160 currencies worldwide.
• SAP supports over 160 currencies for global transactions.

• Currencies can be configured in SAP using transaction code OB22.

• Each currency is assigned a unique currency code (e.g. USD for US Dollar, EUR for Euro).
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Q5. How many types of projects
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There are various types of projects, including internal projects, external projects, research projects, and development projects.
• Internal projects focus on improving processes within the organization.

• External projects involve working with external partners or clients.

• Research projects aim to gather data and analyze findings.

• Development projects focus on creating new products or services.

• Examples: IT system implementati...read more
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Q1. Manage large chunk of Data in sfmc
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Q2. Server side java script
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Q1. Amp script related scenarios
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Q2. Sql based conditions and scenario
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It occurred on HackerRank.

Q1. DSA questions related to strings , graphs , array
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Q2. CS fundamentals ....OOPS , DBMS , CN (little)
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Q3. Projects discussion
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Q1. About hobbies , interest in comp. about hacakthons
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Q2. Why i want to become SDE
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Q1. What special attributes do you possess that make you a perfect fit for this role, considering that many individuals can perform car service?
Ans. 
I possess excellent communication skills, problem-solving abilities, and a strong customer-centric approach.
• Strong communication skills to effectively interact with customers and address their concerns

• Proven problem-solving abilities to quickly resolve issues and provide satisfactory solutions

• Customer-centric approach to prioritize customer satisfaction and build positive relationships

• Ability to remain calm and compose...read more
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Q2. What skills do you possess that are relevant to the execution of this role?
Ans. 
I possess strong communication skills, problem-solving abilities, and a customer-centric approach.
• Excellent communication skills to effectively interact with customers and address their concerns

• Strong problem-solving abilities to quickly resolve issues and provide solutions

• Customer-centric approach to ensure customer satisfaction and retention

• Ability to remain calm and patient in challenging situations

• Experience in han...read more
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Q3. What attracted you to choose this company as your new employer?
Ans. 
The company's strong reputation for excellent customer service and commitment to employee development attracted me.
• Reputation for excellent customer service

• Commitment to employee development

• Positive reviews from current and former employees
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Q4. What's your salary expectations
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My salary expectations are in line with industry standards and based on my experience and qualifications.
• Research industry standards for the position

• Consider my experience and qualifications

• Be prepared to negotiate based on job responsibilities and benefits package
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Q1. Do you have experience
Ans. 
Yes, I have 3 years of experience in customer service roles.
• Worked as a customer service representative for 2 years at Company X

• Handled customer inquiries, resolved complaints, and processed orders

• Trained new employees on customer service best practices
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Q2. Are you dedicated to this role
Ans. 
Yes, I am dedicated to this role and committed to providing excellent customer service.
• I have a strong work ethic and always strive to exceed customer expectations

• I am willing to go above and beyond to resolve customer issues and ensure their satisfaction

• I am constantly seeking ways to improve my skills and knowledge in order to better serve customers
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Integrity and honesty

Q1. What is split horison? How can we resolve it?
Ans. 
Split horizon is a technique used in computer networking to prevent routing loops by not advertising routes back to the same interface they were learned from.
• Split horizon is used in distance-vector routing protocols like RIP to prevent routing loops.

• It works by not advertising routes back to the same interface they were learned from.

• Split horizon with poison reverse takes this a step further by advertising the route w...read more
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Q2. What is BGP? How BGP works?
Ans. 
BGP stands for Border Gateway Protocol, used to exchange routing information between different networks.
• BGP is an exterior gateway protocol used to make routing decisions on the internet.

• It operates by exchanging routing information between different autonomous systems (AS).

• BGP uses TCP port 179 for communication.

• BGP routers maintain a table of IP prefixes and their paths to reach them.

• BGP can be configured to influenc...read more
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Q3. What are the type of BGP and their AD value?
Ans. 
There are two types of BGP: eBGP and iBGP. eBGP has an AD value of 20, while iBGP has an AD value of 200.
• eBGP (External BGP) - AD value: 20

• iBGP (Internal BGP) - AD value: 200
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Q4. What is routing protocol? What are the types of routing protocol?
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Routing protocol is a set of rules used by routers to determine the best path for data packets to travel.
• Routing protocols help routers communicate with each other to dynamically update routing tables.

• Types of routing protocols include distance-vector (e.g. RIP), link-state (e.g. OSPF), and hybrid (e.g. EIGRP).

• Distance-vector protocols determine the best path based on hop count.

• Link-state protocols use a more complex a...read more
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Q5. What is ospf?
Ans. 
OSPF (Open Shortest Path First) is a routing protocol used to determine the best path for data packets in a network.
• OSPF is a link-state routing protocol

• It uses Dijkstra's algorithm to calculate the shortest path

• OSPF routers exchange link-state advertisements (LSAs) to build a topology map

• It supports VLSM (Variable Length Subnet Masking) and CIDR (Classless Inter-Domain Routing)

• OSPF divides the network into areas to re
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Q6. How do we prevent loop avoidance in BGP?
Ans. 
Preventing loop avoidance in BGP involves using loop prevention mechanisms like AS Path and Route Reflectors.
• Use AS Path attribute to prevent loops by tracking the path a route has taken through AS numbers.

• Implement Route Reflectors to avoid loops in BGP by controlling the route propagation within a cluster.

• Utilize BGP Confederations to divide the network into smaller autonomous systems to prevent loops.

• Regularly monit...read more
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Q7. What is OSI model? What are the layers of OSI model?
Ans. 
The OSI model is a conceptual framework that standardizes the functions of a telecommunication or computing system into seven layers.
• The OSI model stands for Open Systems Interconnection model.

• It helps in understanding how data is transferred from one computer to another over a network.

• The seven layers of OSI model are: Physical, Data Link, Network, Transport, Session, Presentation, and Application.

• Each layer has speci...read more
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Q8. How does tracerout works?
Ans. 
Traceroute is a network diagnostic tool used to track the path packets take from one networked device to another.
• Traceroute sends packets with increasing TTL values to determine the path to a destination.

• Each router along the path sends back an ICMP Time Exceeded message, allowing traceroute to map the route.

• The final destination sends an ICMP Port Unreachable message, indicating the end of the route.

• Traceroute helps i...read more
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Q9. If we see "*****" in tracerout, what it means?
Ans. 
The presence of '*****' in a traceroute indicates that the router is blocking the ICMP packets used by traceroute.
• The '*****' indicates that the router is not responding to the ICMP packets sent by the traceroute tool.

• This could be due to the router being configured to block ICMP traffic for security reasons.

• It can also be caused by a firewall or network filtering rules blocking the ICMP packets.

• In some cases, the '***...read more
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Q10. What are the states in BGP?
Ans. 
BGP states include Idle, Connect, Active, OpenSent, OpenConfirm, Established.
• Idle - Initial state when BGP is not yet established

• Connect - Attempting to establish a TCP connection

• Active - Waiting for a TCP connection to be completed

• OpenSent - Sent an Open message to peer

• OpenConfirm - Received an Open message and waiting for confirmation

• Established - BGP peers are fully established and can exchange routing information
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Q11. If there is a non tech guys on site to replace faulty router with new router, how do you configure the new router?
Ans. 
The new router can be configured remotely using a laptop or mobile device with access to the network.
• Access the router's web interface by entering its IP address in a web browser

• Login using default credentials or credentials provided by the company

• Configure basic settings such as SSID, password, and security settings

• Update firmware if necessary

• Test the connection to ensure it is working properly
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Q12. What are CE and PE routers?
Ans. 
CE and PE routers are types of routers used in MPLS networks. CE routers connect to customer networks while PE routers connect to provider networks.
• CE routers (Customer Edge) connect to customer networks and are responsible for exchanging routes with customer devices.

• PE routers (Provider Edge) connect to provider networks and are responsible for exchanging routes with other PE routers in the MPLS network.

• CE routers are...read more
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Q13. What is the command to assign an IP address on Juniper router interface?
Ans. 
The command to assign an IP address on a Juniper router interface is 'set interface <interface_name> unit <unit_number> family inet address <ip_address/mask>'
• Use the 'set' command to configure the interface

• Specify the interface name and unit number

• Use the 'family inet' statement to configure an IPv4 address

• Specify the IP address and subnet mask
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Q14. What are the parameters should match in BGP neighbourship?
Ans. 
Parameters for BGP neighbourship include AS number, IP address, subnet mask, and BGP version.
• AS number must match on both neighbors

• IP address must be reachable between neighbors

• Subnet mask should be the same on both neighbors

• BGP version should be compatible between neighbors
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Q15. What is tftp?
Ans. 
tftp stands for Trivial File Transfer Protocol, a simple protocol used for transferring files over a network.
• tftp is a lightweight protocol used for transferring files between devices on a network.

• It operates on UDP port 69.

• tftp does not require user authentication, making it less secure compared to FTP.

• It is commonly used for booting devices over a network, such as in diskless workstations or routers.

• An example of tft...read more
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Q1. What is loop avoidance mechanism in BGP?
Ans. 
Loop avoidance mechanism in BGP prevents routing loops by using loop prevention mechanisms like AS path attribute and route reflectors.
• BGP uses AS path attribute to prevent routing loops by not accepting routes with its own AS number in the path.

• Route reflectors are used in BGP to avoid loops in route propagation within a cluster of routers.

• BGP Confederations can also be used to prevent loops by dividing the AS into sm
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Q2. How tracerout works? What is source and destination IP?
Ans. 
Traceroute is a network diagnostic tool used to track the path packets take from source to destination IP.
• Traceroute sends packets with increasing TTL values to elicit ICMP Time Exceeded responses from routers along the path.

• The source IP is the IP address of the device initiating the traceroute, while the destination IP is the IP address of the target device.

• Traceroute displays the IP addresses of the routers in the p...read more
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Q3. What is public IP and private IP?
Ans. 
Public IP is the address assigned to a device that is directly accessible over the internet, while private IP is used within a private network.
• Public IP is unique and can be accessed from anywhere on the internet

• Private IP is used within a local network and is not directly accessible from the internet

• Public IP is assigned by the Internet Service Provider (ISP)

• Private IP addresses are typically in the ranges of 192.168.
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Q4. How can we configure and a router with support of non tech guy onsite?
Ans. 
To configure a router with support of a non tech guy onsite, provide step-by-step instructions and visual aids.
• Create a simple, easy-to-follow guide with step-by-step instructions.

• Use visual aids such as diagrams or videos to demonstrate the process.

• Provide clear explanations of each step and troubleshoot common issues.

• Offer remote support or a helpline for additional assistance if needed.
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Q5. What is firewall?
Ans. 
A firewall is a network security system that monitors and controls incoming and outgoing network traffic based on predetermined security rules.
• Acts as a barrier between a trusted internal network and untrusted external network

• Filters network traffic based on rules set by the administrator

• Can be hardware-based or software-based

• Examples include Cisco ASA, Palo Alto Networks, and Windows Firewall
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Q6. What are the difference between router and switch?
Ans. 
Routers connect multiple networks together while switches connect devices within a single network.
• Routers operate at the network layer (Layer 3) of the OSI model, while switches operate at the data link layer (Layer 2).

• Routers use IP addresses to forward data between networks, while switches use MAC addresses to forward data within a network.

• Routers can determine the best path for data to travel between networks, while...read more
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Q7. What is mpls?
Ans. 
MPLS stands for Multiprotocol Label Switching, a technique used in telecommunications networks to direct data packets along predefined paths.
• MPLS is used to improve network performance and efficiency by quickly routing data packets based on labels instead of IP addresses.

• It allows for traffic engineering, quality of service (QoS) prioritization, and virtual private network (VPN) services.

• MPLS operates at layer 2.5 of t...read more
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Q8. How ftp and tftp works?
Ans. 
FTP and TFTP are protocols used for transferring files over a network.
• FTP (File Transfer Protocol) is a standard network protocol used to transfer files from one host to another over a TCP-based network, such as the internet.

• TFTP (Trivial File Transfer Protocol) is a simpler version of FTP that uses UDP instead of TCP for file transfer.

• FTP requires authentication (username and password) for access, while TFTP does not ...read more
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Q1. What improvements to interfaces were introduced in Java 8 that were missing in Java 7, specifically regarding static and default methods?
Ans. 
Java 8 introduced static and default methods in interfaces, allowing for method implementation and code reusability.
• Java 8 introduced static methods in interfaces, allowing for method implementation directly in the interface itself.

• Default methods were also introduced in Java 8, enabling interfaces to have method implementations without affecting implementing classes.

• Static methods in interfaces can be called using the...read more
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Q2. Explain internal working of HashMap ? How to synchronize it ?
Ans. 
HashMap is a data structure that stores key-value pairs and uses hashing to efficiently retrieve values.
• HashMap uses an array of linked lists to store key-value pairs.

• When a key-value pair is added, the key is hashed to determine the index in the array where it will be stored.

• If multiple keys hash to the same index, a linked list is used to handle collisions.

• To synchronize a HashMap, you can use the synchronizedMap() m...read more
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Q3. Given a list of employees with their ratings, how can you sort the employees based on their ratings using the Java 8 Streaming API?
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Q4. Will the program compile if the parent class throws a runtime exception while the child class throws an arithmetic exception?
Ans. 
No, the program will not compile if the parent class throws a runtime exception while the child class throws an arithmetic exception.
• In Java, if a parent class method throws a checked exception, the child class method can only throw the same exception or its subclasses.

• ArithmeticException is an unchecked exception, so if the parent class throws a checked exception and the child class throws an unchecked exception, the ...read more
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Q5. In a Spring Boot application with two databases, how can you configure JDBC to specify which database to use?
Ans. 
Configure JDBC in Spring Boot to specify which database to use
• Define multiple DataSource beans in the configuration class

• Use @Primary annotation to specify the primary DataSource

• Use @Qualifier annotation to specify the secondary DataSource

• Inject the DataSource beans where needed in the application
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Q6. How to use a jetty server in your spring boot application ?
Ans. 
To use a Jetty server in a Spring Boot application, you can configure it as a dependency and customize its settings.
• Add Jetty server dependency in your pom.xml file

• Exclude Tomcat server dependency if it's included by default in Spring Boot

• Configure Jetty server settings in application.properties or application.yml file

• Example: Add Jetty dependency - <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId...read more
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Q7. Difference between @RequestParam and @PathVariable ?
Ans. 
RequestParam is used to extract query parameters from the URL, while PathVariable is used to extract values from the URI path.
• RequestParam is used for query parameters in the URL, while PathVariable is used for values in the URI path.

• RequestParam is optional, while PathVariable is required.

• RequestParam is used with the @RequestParam annotation, while PathVariable is used with the @PathVariable annotation.

• Example: @Requ...read more
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Q8. How would you handle a scenario where one microservice is awaiting a response from another microservice that is taking an extended time to respond?
Ans. 
I would implement timeout mechanisms and retries to handle the scenario of one microservice awaiting a response from another microservice taking an extended time.
• Implement timeout mechanisms in the calling microservice to limit the waiting time for a response.

• Set up retry logic to automatically resend the request to the slow microservice if no response is received within the specified timeout period.

• Use circuit breaker...read more
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