NatWest Group Java Software Engineer Interview Questions and Answers

Mcq+coding which are medium level questions

Q1. Multiple inheritance allowed in java?
Ans. 
No, multiple inheritance is not allowed in Java.
• Java does not support multiple inheritance for classes to avoid the diamond problem.

• However, multiple inheritance is allowed for interfaces in Java.

• Example: class A extends B, C is not allowed, but interface X extends Y, Z is allowed.
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Q2. Diff btw static and final
Ans. 
Static is used to define class-level variables and methods, while final is used to define constants and prevent inheritance or modification.
• Static variables and methods belong to the class itself, while final variables cannot be changed once initialized.

• Static members can be accessed without creating an instance of the class, while final members must be accessed through an instance.

• Static variables are shared among all...read more
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Q3. What is data encapsulation?
Ans. 
Data encapsulation is the concept of bundling data and methods that operate on the data into a single unit, known as a class.
• Encapsulation hides the internal state of an object and only exposes the necessary functionalities through methods.

• It helps in achieving data abstraction and information hiding.

• Example: A class 'Car' encapsulates data like speed, color, and methods like accelerate() and brake().
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Q1. Tell me about yourself
Ans. 
I am a passionate software developer with experience in Java, Python, and web development.
• Experienced in Java, Python, and web development technologies

• Strong problem-solving skills

• Team player with excellent communication skills
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Q2. What are company core values
Ans. 
Company core values are the fundamental beliefs that guide the behavior and decisions of employees.
• Integrity - acting with honesty and transparency in all dealings

• Innovation - constantly seeking new and better ways to solve problems

• Customer focus - prioritizing the needs and satisfaction of customers

• Teamwork - collaborating effectively with colleagues to achieve common goals
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It was data structures and algorithm

Q1. What is friend function
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Q2. Basic definitions of oops
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Q1. OOPS concepts and related code snippets to guess output (inheritance)
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Q2. Exceptions code snippets to guess output. How to convert checked exception to unchecked exception
Ans. 
To convert checked exception to unchecked exception, use RuntimeException or create a custom unchecked exception.
• Use RuntimeException to wrap checked exceptions and throw them as unchecked exceptions

• Create a custom unchecked exception by extending RuntimeException class

• Use try-catch block to catch checked exceptions and throw them as unchecked exceptions
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Q3. Springboot Autoconfiguration , Bean scopes, Prototype inside singleton bean
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Q4. CopyonwriteArraylist internal working
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Q5. Java 8 features, Coding questions on string and merge two int array without using inbuilt methods
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Q1. Explain event driven architecture of node.js
Ans. 
Node.js uses event-driven architecture where events trigger callbacks to handle asynchronous operations.
• Node.js uses event loop to handle asynchronous operations efficiently

• Events are emitted by various objects in Node.js like HTTP servers, file system, etc.

• Callbacks are registered to handle events and execute code when events occur
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Q1. Data structure algos
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Q2. Find middle of linked list
Ans. 
To find the middle of a linked list, use the slow and fast pointer technique.
• Initialize two pointers, slow and fast, both pointing to the head of the linked list.

• Move the slow pointer by one step and the fast pointer by two steps until the fast pointer reaches the end of the list.

• The position of the slow pointer will be the middle of the linked list.
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Q1. Questions on apache kafka, microservices scenario based queries
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Q2. SQL queries on group by statement
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1)Buy and sell stock
2)2 sum
3) system design
4) Elastic search
5) deployment

Q1. Design immutable class
Ans. 
Immutable class is a class whose state cannot be modified after creation.
• Make all fields private and final

• Do not provide setter methods

• Ensure that any mutable objects within the class are also immutable
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Q2. Difference between lock and sync
Ans. 
Lock and sync are both mechanisms used in Java for thread synchronization, but they have different implementations and use cases.
• Lock is a low-level synchronization mechanism provided by the java.util.concurrent.locks package, while sync (synchronized keyword) is a high-level synchronization mechanism provided by Java.

• Lock provides more flexibility and control over synchronization compared to sync.

• Lock can be used to c...read more
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