Morgan Stanley Interview Questions, Process, and Tips

The count of employees with the same designation is calculated.

• Retrieve the designation of each employee

• Count the number of employees with each designation

• Return the count for each designation

A hash map is a data structure that stores key-value pairs, while a hash set is a data structure that stores unique elements.

• Hash map allows for efficient retrieval of values based on keys.

• Hash set only stores unique elements and does not allow duplicates.

• Time complexity for hash map and hash set operations is generally O(1) on average, but can be O(n) in worst case scenarios.

• Examples of hash map operations include ins...read more

Threads are lightweight processes that allow multiple tasks to run concurrently within a single program.

• Threads are used to achieve multitasking and improve the performance of a program.

• They allow multiple parts of a program to execute simultaneously.

• Threads share the same memory space and resources of a process.

• They can be used for parallel processing, handling multiple user requests, and improving responsiveness.

• Exam...read more

Round robin algorithm is a scheduling algorithm that assigns time slices to each process in a circular manner.

• Each process is given a small unit of CPU time, then moved to the end of the queue.

• Example: Processes P1, P2, and P3 with time slices of 2 units each.

• Execution order: P1, P2, P3, P1, P2, P3, ...

• Helps in preventing starvation of processes with long execution times.

Build a system where people can subscribe to a topic and receive messages related to that topic.

• Create a subscription system where users can choose topics of interest

• Implement a messaging system to post messages related to topics

• Store user subscriptions and messages in a database

• Send notifications to subscribed users when a message is posted for their subscribed topic

Yes, virtual constructors are not available in C++. Virtual destructors are used for proper cleanup of resources in polymorphic classes.

• Virtual constructors are not available in C++ as constructors cannot be virtual.

• Virtual destructors are used to ensure proper cleanup of resources in polymorphic classes.

• Virtual destructors are necessary when deleting a base class pointer pointing to a derived class object.

Computer simulation can be conducted to study traffic flow on a busy road.

• Identify the key variables such as traffic volume, vehicle types, road conditions, and traffic control measures

• Develop a mathematical model to represent the flow of traffic

• Collect real-world data to calibrate and validate the model

• Use simulation software like VISSIM or SUMO to create a virtual environment

• Input the variables and parameters into th...read more

Time complexity refers to the amount of time an algorithm takes to run, while space complexity refers to the amount of memory it requires.

• Time complexity measures the efficiency of an algorithm in terms of the time it takes to execute as the input size increases.

• Space complexity measures the efficiency of an algorithm in terms of the amount of memory it requires as the input size increases.

• Time complexity is commonly e...read more

Using bitwise operator to check the last bit of the number.

• Use bitwise AND operator with 1 to check the last bit of the number.

• If the result is 0, the number is even. If the result is 1, the number is odd.

• Example: 6 & 1 = 0 (even), 7 & 1 = 1 (odd)

Implement a dynamic 2D excel sheet using DS

• Use a 2D array to store the data

• Implement functions to add, delete, and modify data

• Use data structures like linked lists or hash tables for efficient searching and sorting

• Implement dynamic resizing to handle large amounts of data

• Use GUI libraries like Tkinter or PyQt for user interface

Joining tables in DBMS evolved as a solution to handle complex data relationships.

• Joins allow combining data from multiple tables based on a common column.

• The concept of joins originated from the need to handle complex data relationships.

• Joins can be inner, outer, left, right, or cross depending on the type of data required.

• Joins can improve query performance by reducing the number of queries needed to retrieve data.

• Jo...read more

Use a HashMap data structure to store unique words and their frequencies.

• Use a HashMap<String, Integer> to store unique words as keys and their frequencies as values.

• Iterate through each word in the novel, updating the frequency count in the HashMap.

• At the end, the HashMap will contain unique words and their frequencies.

Find root to leaf branches in a binary tree with sum equal to n, then find maximum length branches with sum equal to n.

• Traverse the binary tree using depth-first search (DFS) and keep track of the current path and its sum

• If a leaf node is reached, check if the sum equals n and store the path if it does

• For finding maximum length branches, store all paths with sum equal to n and then find the longest ones

• Example: Given b...read more

Graduating at the top of my class in college

• Received multiple academic awards and scholarships

• Maintained a high GPA throughout college

• Completed a challenging thesis project with distinction

I have learnt time management, improved communication skills, and gained a deeper understanding of my field of study.

• Improved time management skills through balancing academics, extracurricular activities, and personal life

• Enhanced communication skills by participating in group projects and presentations

• Gained a deeper understanding of my field of study through hands-on experience and interactions with professors and p