LTIMindtree Software Engineer Interview Questions, Process, and Tips

A linked list is a linear data structure where each element is a separate object with a pointer to the next element.

• Consists of nodes that contain data and a pointer to the next node

• Can be singly or doubly linked

• Used for dynamic memory allocation, implementing stacks and queues, and more

Bubble sorting is a simple sorting algorithm that repeatedly steps through the list, compares adjacent elements and swaps them if they are in the wrong order.

• Bubble sorting is a comparison-based algorithm.

• It is named as bubble sort because smaller elements bubble to the top of the list.

• It has a worst-case and average-case time complexity of O(n^2).

• Example: [5, 3, 8, 4, 2] -> [3, 5, 8, 4, 2] -> [3, 5, 4, 8, 2] -> [3, 5,...read more

Bubble sort is a simple sorting algorithm that repeatedly steps through the list, compares adjacent elements and swaps them if they are in the wrong order.

• Bubble sort is a comparison-based algorithm

• It works by comparing each pair of adjacent elements and swapping them if they are in the wrong order

• The algorithm repeats this process until no more swaps are needed

• It has a worst-case and average complexity of O(n^2)

• Exampl...read more

Heap sort is a comparison-based sorting algorithm that uses a binary heap data structure.

• It divides the input into a sorted and an unsorted region.

• It repeatedly extracts the largest element from the unsorted region and inserts it into the sorted region.

• It has a time complexity of O(n log n) and is not stable.

• Example: [8, 5, 3, 1, 9, 6, 0, 7, 4, 2] -> [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]

The fastest sorting algorithm is QuickSort.

• QuickSort has an average time complexity of O(n log n).

• It is a divide and conquer algorithm that recursively partitions the array.

• It is widely used in practice due to its efficiency.

• Other fast sorting algorithms include MergeSort and HeapSort.

Constructor is a special method that is called when an object is created.

• Constructors have the same name as the class they belong to.

• They are used to initialize the object's state.

• They can be overloaded to accept different parameters.

• If a class does not have a constructor, a default constructor is provided by the compiler.

Garbage Collector is an automatic memory management system that frees up memory occupied by objects that are no longer in use.

• Garbage Collector is a part of the Java Virtual Machine that automatically manages memory allocation and deallocation.

• It identifies objects that are no longer in use and frees up the memory occupied by them.

• Garbage Collector helps prevent memory leaks and improves the performance of the applicat...read more

Run-Time polymorphism is the ability of an object to take on many forms at runtime.

• It is achieved through method overriding and virtual functions.

• It allows a subclass to provide its own implementation of a method that is already provided by its parent class.

• It is also known as dynamic polymorphism.

• Example: Animal class with a virtual method 'makeSound', and subclasses Dog and Cat that override the 'makeSound' method.

• Wh...read more