LTIMindtree Senior Software Developer Interview Questions, Process, and Tips

Q1. Internal working of hashset
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Q2. Type of Kafka Topics
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Q1. Explain Java 8 feature.
Ans. 
Java 8 introduced lambda expressions, functional interfaces, streams, and default methods in interfaces.
• Lambda expressions allow you to pass functionality as an argument to a method.

• Functional interfaces have a single abstract method and can be used with lambda expressions.

• Streams provide a way to work with sequences of elements efficiently.

• Default methods allow interfaces to have methods with implementation.
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Q2. What is Java 8 stream
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Java 8 stream is a sequence of elements that supports functional-style operations.
• Java 8 stream allows for processing collections of objects in a functional way.

• Streams can be created from various data sources like collections, arrays, or I/O resources.

• Common stream operations include map, filter, reduce, and collect.

• Streams are lazy, meaning they only perform operations when necessary.

• Example: List names = Arrays.asLi...read more
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Q3. How you handled exception in your project?
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Q4. @Pathvariable annotations & @RequestParam
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Q5. UseJava 8 to sort list of integer
Ans. 
Use Java 8 stream API to sort a list of integers
• Use stream() method to convert the list to a stream

• Use sorted() method to sort the integers

• Collect the sorted integers back to a list using collect() method
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Q1. Regarding architecture , Design patterns
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Aptitude test was conducted

Govt schools vs private school topic given

Q1. Question asked regarding my project done on college
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Q2. Technical questions related to my domain ece
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Q1. Introduction and friendly conversation
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Q2. Discussion abt training
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Round duration - 60 minutes
Round difficulty - Easy

Technical Interview round with questions based on Java, C# etc.

Q1. What is the difference between an abstract class and an interface in Object-Oriented Programming?
Ans. 
Type of methods: Interface can have only abstract methods. An abstract class can have abstract and non-abstract methods. From Java 8, it can have default and static methods also.
Final Variables: Variables declared in a Java interface are by default final. An abstract class may contain non-final variables.
Type of variables: Abstract class can have final, non-final, static and non-static variables. The interface has only...read more
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Q2. What are the benefits of using the MVC (Model-View-Controller) architecture?
Ans. 
Organizes large-size web applications – 
As there is segregation of the code among the three levels, it becomes extremely easy to divide and organize web application logic into large-scale applications (which are required to be managed by large teams of developers). The major advantage of using such code practices is that it helps to find specific portions of code quickly and allows the addition of new functionalit...read more
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Q3. Can you explain the life cycles of the MVC (Model-View-Controller) architecture?
Ans. 
The Application Life Cycle
The application life cycle refers to the time at which the application process actually begins running IIS until the time it stops. This is marked by the application start and end events in the startup file of your application.

The Request Life Cycle
It is the sequence of events that happen every time an HTTP request is handled by our application.
The entry point for every MVC application begins ...read more
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Q4. What are the override and virtual keywords in C#?
Ans. 
The virtual keyword is used to modify a method, property, indexer, or event declared in the base class and allow it to be overridden in the derived class.

The override keyword is used to extend or modify a virtual/abstract method, property, indexer, or event of base class into derived class.
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Q5. Why are Web APIs used?
Ans. 
Web APIs are very useful in implementation of RESTFUL web services using .NET framework.
Web API helps in enabling the development of HTTP services to reach out to client entities like browser, devices or tablets.
ASP.NET Web API can be used with MVC for any type of application.
A web API can help you develop ASP.NET application via AJAX.
Hence, web API makes it easier for the developers to build an ASP.NET application tha...read more
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Round duration - 60 minutes
Round difficulty - Easy

Technical round with questions around DBMS , SQL and Angular.

Q1. What are the differences between RANK() and ROW_NUMBER() in SQL?
Ans. 
ROW_NUMBER : Returns a unique number for each row starting with 1. For rows that have duplicate values,numbers are arbitrarily assigned.
Rank : Assigns a unique number for each row starting with 1,except for rows that have duplicate values,in which case the same ranking is assigned and a gap appears in the sequence for each duplicate ranking.
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Q2. What is a Common Table Expression (CTE) in SQL?
Ans. 
The Common Table Expressions (CTE) were introduced into standard SQL in order to simplify various classes of SQL Queries for which a derived table was just unsuitable. CTE was introduced in SQL Server 2005, the common table expression (CTE) is a temporary named result set that you can reference within a SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, or DELETE statement. You can also use a CTE in a CREATE a view, as part of the view’s SELECT
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Q3. What is a stored procedure?
Ans. 
A stored procedure is a prepared SQL code that you can save, so the code can be reused over and over again. So if you have an SQL query that you write over and over again, save it as a stored procedure, and then just call it to execute it. You can also pass parameters to a stored procedure, so that the stored procedure can act based on the parameter value(s) that is passed.

Stored Procedure Syntax :

CREATE PROCEDURE proc
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Q4. What is dependency injection?
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Dependencies are services or objects that a class needs to perform its function. Dependency injection, or DI, is a design pattern in which a class requests dependencies from external sources rather than creating them.
Angular's DI framework provides dependencies to a class upon instantiation. Use Angular DI to increase flexibility and modularity in your applications.
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Round duration - 60 minutes
Round difficulty - Medium

This was a technical round where technical core concepts were tested.

Q1. What are the features of Java 8?
Ans. 
Java 8 provides following features for Java Programming:

Lambda expressions : Lambda expression helps us to write our code in functional style. It provides a clear and concise way to implement SAM interface(Single Abstract Method) by using an expression. It is very useful in collection library in which it helps to iterate, filter and extract data.

Method references : Java 8 Method reference is used to refer method of fun...read more
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Q2. What are the different types of hashmaps in Java?
Ans. 
1. HashMap: HashMap offers 0(1) lookup and insertion. If you iterate through the keys, though, the ordering of the keys is essentially arbitrary. It is implemented by an array of linked lists. 

Syntax: 
public class HashMap extends AbstractMap 
implements Map,Cloneable, Serializable

2.LinkedHashMap: LinkedHashMap offers 0(1) lookup and insertion. Keys are ordered by their insertion order. It is implemented b...read more
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Q3. What is the difference between StringBuffer and StringBuilder in Java?
Ans. 
1. StringBuffer is present in Java. StringBuilder was introduced in Java 5.
2. StringBuffer is synchronized. This means that multiple threads cannot call the methods of StringBuffer simultaneously. StringBuilder is asynchronized. This means that multiple threads can call the methods of StringBuilder simultaneously.
3. Due to synchronization, StringBuffer is called a thread safe class. Due to its asynchronous nature, Stri...read more
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Round duration - 60 minutes
Round difficulty - Easy

This round was a discussion with the project manager , so its also technical along with previous project. Also, future project related questions to check candidate suitable or not

Q1. How is memory allocated for a string in Java?
Ans. 
Java Strings are immutable objects. In a way each time you create a String, there will be char[] memory allocated with number of chars in String. If you do any manipulations on that String it will be brand new object and with the length of chars there will be memory allocation done.
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Q2. What is the difference between intermediate and terminal operations on Stream in Java?
Ans. 
The intermediate Stream operation returns another Stream, which means you can further call other methods of Stream class to compose a pipeline. For example after calling map() or flatMap() you can still call filter() method on Stream.

On the other hand, the terminal operation produces a result other than Streams like a value or a Collection.
Once a terminal method like forEach() or collect() is called, you cannot call an
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Q3. Can you explain the internal working of a hash map in Java?
Ans. 
HashMap uses its static inner class Node for storing map entries. That means each entry in hashMap is a Node. Internally HashMap uses a hashCode of the key Object and this hashCode is further used by the hash function to find the index of the bucket where the new entry can be added.
HashMap uses multiple buckets and each bucket points to a Singly Linked List where the entries (nodes) are stored.
Once the bucket is identi...read more
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Round duration - 30 minutes
Round difficulty - Easy

Typical HR round with behavioral problems.