IBM Senior Java Developer Interview Questions and Answers

Q1. Project related questions, architecture, exception handling, Kafka use case.
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Q2. Oops question functional interface, marker interface.
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Q3. Memory leaks and how to avoid the same.
Ans. 
Memory leaks occur when a program allocates memory but does not release it, leading to inefficient memory usage.
• Use tools like profilers to identify memory leaks in Java applications.

• Avoid creating unnecessary objects and ensure proper garbage collection.

• Avoid static references to objects that can prevent them from being garbage collected.

• Close resources like files, database connections, and streams after use to preven
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Q4. Multi threading question
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Q1. Pom related questions how many scope available.
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Q2. Agile related questions
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Q3. Comparable vs comparator
Ans. 
Comparable is an interface used for natural ordering, while Comparator is an interface used for custom ordering.
• Comparable is implemented by the class itself to define the natural ordering of objects.

• Comparator is implemented by a separate class to define custom ordering of objects.

• Example: String class implements Comparable interface for natural ordering, while Collections class uses Comparator for custom sorting.
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Q1. Discussion regarding normal process followed. Basic java questions about java 8. Technology and framework used. Interview was for Telecom domain.
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Q2. Sorting, filtering, Exception handling questions
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The first round was an interview conducted with a GENAI virtual bot.

Q1. Internal architecture of Spring boot, how enable autoconfiguration works
Ans. 
Spring Boot uses autoconfiguration to automatically configure the Spring application based on dependencies and properties.
• Spring Boot autoconfiguration is achieved through @EnableAutoConfiguration annotation

• Autoconfiguration classes are located in the org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure package

• Autoconfiguration classes are conditionally applied based on the presence of specific classes or properties
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Q2. Questions mostly on microservices and coding question on restTemplate
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Q1. Flow of micro services, annotations of boot
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Q2. Sorting program
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Q1. Project flow,team management
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Q2. Collection questions
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Q1. Normal hr questions,about changing jobs and etc.
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Q2. Salary negotiation
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Q1. Questions on Spring AOP
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Q2. How do Microservies talk to eachother
Ans. 
Microservices communicate with each other through APIs and messaging protocols.
• Microservices communicate via RESTful APIs, using HTTP requests and responses.

• Message brokers like Kafka or RabbitMQ are used for asynchronous communication between microservices.

• Service discovery tools like Eureka or Consul help microservices locate and communicate with each other.

• Microservices can also communicate through gRPC, a high-perf
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Q3. Logging framework used in current project
Ans. 
We are using Log4j2 for logging in the current project.
• Log4j2 is a popular logging framework in Java.

• It provides support for logging at different levels like DEBUG, INFO, WARN, ERROR, etc.

• Configuration can be done through XML, JSON, or properties file.

• Example: org.apache.logging.log4j log4j-api 2.14.1
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