100+ Relevantz Technology Services Interview Questions and Answers

OOPs stands for Object-Oriented Programming, a programming paradigm based on the concept of objects.

• OOPs focuses on creating objects that contain data and methods to manipulate that data.

• Encapsulation, inheritance, and polymorphism are key principles of OOPs.

• Examples of OOP languages include Java, C++, and Python.

Microservices are small, independent, and modular services that work together to form a larger application.

• Microservices are designed to be loosely coupled and independently deployable.

• Each microservice performs a specific task and communicates with other microservices through APIs.

• Microservices allow for greater flexibility, scalability, and resilience in software development.

• Examples of companies that use microservices include Netflix, Amazon, and Uber.

Find duplicate word from list of string

• Split the string into words

• Use a hash table to keep track of word occurrences

• Return the duplicate word(s)

Functions and classes are fundamental concepts in object-oriented programming.

• Functions are blocks of code that perform a specific task and can be called multiple times.

• Classes are blueprints for creating objects, which are instances of a class.

• Classes can have attributes (variables) and methods (functions) associated with them.

• Example: Function to calculate the area of a circle, Class 'Circle' with attributes 'radius' and methods 'calculate_area'.

Node.js modules are reusable blocks of code that encapsulate related functionality and can be easily imported into a Node.js application.

• Node.js modules help organize code into separate files for better maintainability

• Modules can be imported using the 'require' function

• Modules can export functions, objects, or variables for use in other parts of the application

iframes logic in Selenium involves switching between frames to interact with elements inside them.

• Use driver.switchTo().frame() method to switch to a frame by index, name, or WebElement

• Use driver.switchTo().defaultContent() to switch back to the main content

• Elements inside iframes can be located using regular Selenium locators

Work life balance is important to me and my employer supports it through flexible schedules and remote work options.

• My employer offers flexible schedules to accommodate personal needs

• Remote work options are available for certain roles

• I prioritize my workload and manage my time effectively to maintain balance

• I make time for hobbies and activities outside of work to recharge

• I communicate openly with my team and manager about my needs and boundaries

W3Schools is a great resource for learning web development basics.

• W3Schools offers tutorials on HTML, CSS, JavaScript, and more.

• Their tutorials are interactive and include examples for hands-on learning.

• W3Schools also has a Try It Yourself editor for practicing code.

• Their website also includes references for quick access to syntax and properties.

• W3Schools offers certifications for completing their courses.

Query to find duplicate rows in a database table

• Use GROUP BY clause to group rows with same values

• Use HAVING clause to filter out groups with count greater than 1

• Select columns to display duplicate rows

Query to find unique records

• Use SELECT DISTINCT to retrieve only unique records

• Specify the columns you want to check for uniqueness

• Consider using GROUP BY if you need to find unique records based on specific criteria

Use a SQL query with GROUP BY and HAVING clause to find duplicate rows in a table.

• Use GROUP BY to group rows with the same values together

• Use HAVING COUNT(*) > 1 to filter out rows that appear more than once

• Select the columns you want to display in the result

The expected CTC is negotiable based on the candidate's experience, skills, and the company's budget.

• CTC is dependent on factors such as candidate's experience, skills, industry standards, and company's budget

• Candidates can research industry standards and company's reputation to gauge expected CTC

• Negotiation skills can play a key role in determining the final CTC offer

ORC and Parquet are file formats used for storing and processing big data. They have differences in compression, performance, and compatibility.

• ORC (Optimized Row Columnar) is a columnar file format that provides high compression and fast read performance.

• Parquet is also a columnar file format that offers efficient compression and query performance.

• ORC is optimized for Hive and provides better support for complex data types and schema evolution.

• Parquet is designed for compati...read more

I have experience optimizing queries by analyzing execution plans, indexing strategies, and rewriting queries for better performance.

• I have identified slow queries by analyzing execution plans and using tools like SQL Server Profiler.

• I have optimized queries by creating appropriate indexes on tables to reduce the number of reads and improve query performance.

• I have rewritten complex queries to simplify logic and improve efficiency, such as breaking down subqueries or using CT...read more

To find the 2nd largest number in an array of strings, sort the array in descending order and return the second element.

• Convert the array of strings to an array of integers for comparison.

• Sort the array in descending order.

• Return the second element in the sorted array as the 2nd largest number.

Java 8 introduced several new features including lambda expressions, functional interfaces, streams, and default methods in interfaces.

• Lambda expressions allow you to pass functionality as an argument to a method.

• Functional interfaces have a single abstract method and can be used with lambda expressions.

• Streams provide a way to process collections of objects in a functional style.

• Default methods in interfaces allow you to add new methods to interfaces without breaking existin...read more

Version control is essential for managing code changes and collaborating with team members.

• Version control allows for tracking changes made to code over time.

• It enables collaboration between team members by allowing multiple people to work on the same codebase simultaneously.

• It provides a way to revert to previous versions of code if necessary.

• Popular version control systems include Git, SVN, and Mercurial.

A program to find duplicate words from a list of strings.

• Split the strings into words using whitespace as delimiter

• Create a hash table to store the frequency of each word

• Iterate through the words and update the frequency in the hash table

• Return the words with frequency greater than 1

Handle leave requests by following company policy, communicating with team members, and ensuring coverage.

• Refer to company policy for leave request procedures

• Communicate with team members to ensure coverage during absence

• Document leave requests and approvals for record keeping

OOPs (Object-Oriented Programming) is a programming paradigm based on the concept of objects, which can contain data and code.

• OOPs focuses on creating objects that interact with each other to solve a problem

• Key principles of OOPs include Inheritance, Encapsulation, Polymorphism, and Abstraction

• Inheritance allows a class to inherit properties and behavior from another class

• Encapsulation involves bundling data and methods that operate on the data into a single unit

• Polymorphism ...read more

Concurrent hash map is a thread-safe implementation of hash map.

• It allows multiple threads to access and modify the map concurrently.

• It uses a technique called lock striping to achieve high concurrency.

• Each bucket in the map has its own lock, so multiple threads can access different buckets simultaneously.

• If a thread needs to access a bucket that is already locked, it waits until the lock is released.

• It provides atomic operations like putIfAbsent() and replace() to ensure con...read more

Exceptions in Selenium are errors that occur during test execution, such as ElementNotVisibleException or TimeoutException.

• Exceptions in Selenium are instances of the Exception class that are thrown when an error occurs during test execution.

• Common exceptions in Selenium include ElementNotVisibleException, TimeoutException, NoSuchElementException, and StaleElementReferenceException.

• Handling exceptions in Selenium can be done using try-catch blocks to gracefully handle errors ...read more

Design patterns are reusable solutions to common software design problems.

• Design patterns provide a common language for developers to communicate about solutions to common problems.

• They can improve the quality, maintainability, and scalability of software.

• Examples of design patterns include the Singleton pattern, Factory pattern, and Observer pattern.

Python supports all four OOP concepts: encapsulation, inheritance, polymorphism, and abstraction.

• Encapsulation: Hiding implementation details and exposing only necessary information.

• Inheritance: Creating a new class from an existing class.

• Polymorphism: Using a single interface to represent multiple types.

• Abstraction: Simplifying complex systems by breaking them down into smaller, more manageable parts.

• Example: class Animal: pass class Dog(Animal): pass

• Example: def print_info(...read more

Indexing/Slicing is a way to access specific elements or sub-sequences in a sequence object like a list or a string in Python.

• Indexing is done using square brackets [] and starts from 0.

• Negative indexing starts from -1 and goes backwards.

• Slicing is done using colon : and allows accessing a range of elements.

• Slicing syntax is [start:stop:step].

• If start or stop is not specified, it defaults to the beginning or end of the sequence.

• If step is not specified, it defaults to 1.

• Examp...read more

Angular has several lifecycle methods that are called at different stages of a component's life.

• ngOnInit() - called after the component is initialized

• ngOnChanges() - called when the component's input properties change

• ngDoCheck() - called during every change detection cycle

• ngAfterViewInit() - called after the component's view has been initialized

• ngOnDestroy() - called just before the component is destroyed

Implement a coding exercise in the desired language

• Understand the requirements of the coding exercise

• Write clean and efficient code in the desired language

• Test the code with different inputs to ensure correctness

Oops concepts refer to Object-Oriented Programming concepts which include Inheritance, Polymorphism, Encapsulation, and Abstraction.

• Inheritance: Allows a class to inherit properties and behavior from another class.

• Polymorphism: Allows objects to be treated as instances of their parent class.

• Encapsulation: Bundling data and methods that operate on the data into a single unit.

• Abstraction: Hides the complex implementation details and only shows the necessary features of an objec...read more

Automation testing is the use of software to execute pre-scripted tests on software applications to ensure quality and efficiency.

• Automation testing involves using tools to automate repetitive tasks in testing

• It helps in reducing manual effort and time required for testing

• Examples of automation testing tools include Selenium, Appium, and JUnit

Cognizant's latest achievement is the acquisition of Servian, an Australian data and analytics consulting firm.

• Cognizant acquired Servian to expand its capabilities in data and analytics consulting.

• The acquisition will help Cognizant strengthen its presence in the Australian market.

• Servian's expertise in cloud, data, and analytics will complement Cognizant's digital transformation services.

• Cognizant plans to integrate Servian's team of 500 employees into its global data and A...read more

Order of execution in Salesforce determines the sequence in which operations are processed.

• Triggers are executed before workflow rules

• Validation rules are executed before triggers

• Before triggers are executed before after triggers

Use SQL queries to remove duplicate records from a database table.

• Use the DISTINCT keyword in SELECT statement to retrieve unique records.

• Use the GROUP BY clause to group records based on specific columns.

• Use the ROW_NUMBER() function to assign a unique row number to each record and then filter out duplicates.

.NET Framework is a software framework developed by Microsoft that runs primarily on Microsoft Windows.

• It provides a large library of pre-coded solutions to common programming problems.

• It supports multiple programming languages such as C#, VB.NET, F# and more.

• It includes a runtime environment, a set of libraries, and a compiler.

• It allows developers to create applications for desktop, web, mobile, gaming, and IoT devices.

• Examples of .NET applications include Microsoft Office, ...read more

An Apex trigger is a piece of code that executes before or after specific data manipulation events on Salesforce objects.

• Apex triggers are used to perform custom actions like validation, updating related records, or calling external services.

• Triggers can be written for different events like before insert, before update, after insert, after update, etc.

• They are written in Apex programming language and are associated with a specific object in Salesforce.

• Example: A trigger can b...read more

Arrays are a data structure that stores a collection of elements of the same data type in contiguous memory locations.

• Types of arrays include: 1. One-dimensional arrays 2. Multi-dimensional arrays (e.g. 2D, 3D) 3. Jagged arrays

• Example: string[] names = new string[] {"Alice", "Bob", "Charlie"};

We utilize a variety of technologies in our projects, including but not limited to Java, Python, AWS, and Docker.

• Java

• Python

• AWS

• Docker

ConcurrentHashMap is a thread-safe implementation of Map interface in Java.

• It uses a hash table to store key-value pairs.

• It allows multiple threads to read and write concurrently.

• It uses a technique called lock striping to achieve concurrency.

• It provides better performance than Hashtable and synchronizedMap.

• It supports atomic operations like putIfAbsent() and replace().

I switched to pursue new opportunities and challenges.

• Seeking growth and development

• Desire for new experiences

• Better alignment with personal values

• Opportunity for higher salary or benefits

• Change in career goals or interests

Traversing trees and graphs involves visiting each node or vertex exactly once in a systematic way.

• Depth-first search (DFS) and breadth-first search (BFS) are common traversal algorithms for trees and graphs.

• DFS explores as far as possible along each branch before backtracking, while BFS explores neighbors before moving on.

• In-order, pre-order, and post-order are common traversal methods for binary trees.

• Example: In-order traversal of a binary tree would visit the left subtree...read more

Types of joins in SQL include inner join, left join, right join, and full outer join.

• Inner join: returns rows when there is a match in both tables

• Left join: returns all rows from the left table and the matched rows from the right table

• Right join: returns all rows from the right table and the matched rows from the left table

• Full outer join: returns rows when there is a match in either table

Virtual DOM is a concept in React where a lightweight copy of the actual DOM is created to improve performance by minimizing actual DOM manipulations.

• Virtual DOM is a representation of the actual DOM in memory.

• When changes are made to the virtual DOM, React compares it with the actual DOM and only updates the necessary parts.

• This helps in improving performance by reducing the number of actual DOM manipulations.

• Example: React uses Virtual DOM to efficiently update the UI when ...read more

Agile is a methodology that focuses on flexibility and adaptability, while Scrum is a specific framework within Agile that emphasizes iterative development.

• Agile is a broader methodology that values flexibility and adaptability in project management.

• Scrum is a specific framework within Agile that focuses on iterative development, with regular meetings and reviews.

• Agile allows for changes and adjustments throughout the project, while Scrum follows a set structure with defined ...read more

compareTo is a method in the Comparable interface used to compare objects, while Comparator is an interface used to define custom comparison logic.

• compareTo is a method in the Comparable interface, used to compare objects based on their natural ordering.

• Comparator is an interface used to define custom comparison logic for objects that do not implement Comparable.

• compareTo method returns an integer value indicating the comparison result (-1 for less than, 0 for equal, 1 for gr...read more

Masking data involves replacing sensitive information with non-sensitive data to protect privacy.

• Use techniques like encryption, tokenization, or data anonymization to mask data.

• Ensure that only authorized users have access to the unmasked data.

• Regularly review and update masking techniques to stay ahead of potential security threats.

Angular offers advantages such as two-way data binding, dependency injection, and modular architecture.

• Two-way data binding allows automatic synchronization of data between the model and the view, reducing the need for manual DOM manipulation.

• Dependency injection helps manage components and their dependencies, making it easier to test and maintain code.

• Modular architecture allows for the creation of reusable components and services, promoting code reusability and maintainabil...read more

Reverse a string using code

• Create an empty string to store the reversed string

• Iterate through the original string from end to start and append each character to the new string

• Return the reversed string

Print a pyramid pattern using *

• Use nested loops to control the number of spaces and stars in each row

• Increment the number of stars and decrease the number of spaces in each row

• Example: for a pyramid with 5 rows -

• *

• ***

• *****

• *******

• *********

ReactJS has various life cycle hooks that allow developers to run code at specific points in the component's life cycle.

• componentDidMount() - runs after the component has been rendered to the DOM

• componentDidUpdate() - runs after the component's updates are flushed to the DOM

• componentWillUnmount() - runs before the component is removed from the DOM

Object-oriented programming (OOP) is a programming paradigm that uses objects to represent and manipulate data.

• OOP is based on the principles of encapsulation, inheritance, and polymorphism.

• Encapsulation allows data and methods to be bundled together in a single unit called an object.

• Inheritance enables the creation of new classes by inheriting properties and behaviors from existing classes.

• Polymorphism allows objects of different classes to be treated as objects of a common ...read more

There are two types of flows in Salesforce: Screen Flows and Autolaunched Flows.

• Screen Flows allow users to interact with the flow by entering data into input fields and making selections.

• Autolaunched Flows are triggered by a process or Apex and run in the background without user interaction.

• Both types of flows can automate business processes and streamline workflows in Salesforce.

A database is a structured collection of data that is stored and organized for easy access and retrieval.

• Database is used to store and manage large amounts of data.

• It allows for efficient retrieval, insertion, and updating of data.

• Examples of databases include MySQL, Oracle, and MongoDB.

Procedure is a set of steps or actions followed in a particular order to achieve a specific goal or outcome.

• Procedures are often documented in manuals or guidelines for consistency and clarity.

• They can be used in various fields such as healthcare, education, and business.

• Examples include surgical procedures, classroom procedures, and company policies.

Exceptions handling in Java involves using try, catch, and finally blocks to handle errors and prevent program crashes.

• Use try block to enclose the code that may throw an exception

• Use catch block to handle the exception and provide alternative code to execute

• Use finally block to execute code that should always run, regardless of whether an exception is thrown

• Examples: try { // code that may throw exception } catch (Exception e) { // handle exception } finally { // cleanup cod...read more

Standard business process refers to a set of routine tasks or activities that are carried out in a consistent manner to achieve specific business goals.

• Standardization of procedures to ensure consistency and efficiency

• Clear documentation of processes for easy reference

• Regular monitoring and evaluation to identify areas for improvement

OOPS in Java stands for Object-Oriented Programming System, a programming paradigm based on the concept of objects.

• OOPS focuses on creating objects that contain data and methods to manipulate that data.

• It emphasizes concepts like inheritance, encapsulation, polymorphism, and abstraction.

• Java is an object-oriented programming language that follows OOPS principles.

• Example: In Java, classes and objects are used to implement OOPS concepts.

EC2 is a web service that provides resizable compute capacity in the cloud.

• EC2 allows users to rent virtual servers on which they can run their own applications.

• Users can choose the instance type, operating system, and storage options for their EC2 instances.

• EC2 instances can be easily scaled up or down based on demand, allowing for cost-effective and flexible computing.

• Users can also use features like Auto Scaling and Load Balancing to ensure high availability and fault tole...read more

Lambda expression is an anonymous function that can be used to create delegates or expression tree types.

• Lambda expressions are used to create inline functions without a formal definition.

• They are often used in LINQ queries to define filtering, sorting, or projection logic.

• Lambda expressions use the => operator to separate parameters from the expression body.

• Example: (x, y) => x + y is a lambda expression that takes two parameters and returns their sum.

Loop in linked list occurs when a node points to a previously visited node, creating an infinite loop.

• To detect a loop, use two pointers - slow and fast. If they meet, there is a loop.

• To remove a loop, use the same two pointers to find the loop node and then break the loop.

• Examples of linked list problems with loops include finding the start of the loop and determining the length of the loop.

MVC and MVVM are design patterns used in software development to separate concerns and improve code maintainability.

• MVC stands for Model-View-Controller, where the model represents the data, the view represents the UI, and the controller acts as an intermediary between them.

• MVVM stands for Model-View-ViewModel, where the view model acts as an intermediary between the view and the model, handling user input and updating the model.

• MVVM is commonly used in WPF and Xamarin applic...read more

Methodologies of testing refer to the systematic approach used to test software applications.

• Different methodologies include black box testing, white box testing, and grey box testing.

• Black box testing focuses on testing the functionality of the software without knowledge of its internal workings.

• White box testing involves testing the internal workings of the software, including code and algorithms.

• Grey box testing is a combination of black and white box testing.

• Other methodo...read more

React is a JavaScript library for building user interfaces.

• React uses a virtual DOM for better performance.

• Components are the building blocks of React applications.

• React allows for uni-directional data flow.

• React supports server-side rendering for SEO optimization.

Java 8 introduced new features like lambda expressions, functional interfaces, streams, and default methods.

• Lambda expressions allow you to write code in a more concise and readable way.

• Functional interfaces are interfaces with a single abstract method, which can be implemented using lambda expressions.

• Streams provide a way to work with collections of objects in a functional style.

• Default methods allow interfaces to have method implementations.

• Java 8 also introduced the new D...read more

Object.freeze is a method in JavaScript used to make an object immutable.

• Prevents adding or removing properties

• Prevents changing existing property values

• Nested objects are not deeply frozen

Genesys call flow with events is a process of mapping out the steps and events that occur during a call in the Genesys system.

• Genesys call flow with events involves identifying the different stages of a call, such as routing, queuing, and handling

• Events can be triggered during each stage, such as a customer entering their account number or a call being transferred to a different department

• These events can be used to trigger specific actions, such as playing a message or routi...read more

Merge sort is a divide-and-conquer algorithm that recursively divides an array into two halves and then merges them.

• Divide the array into two halves

• Recursively sort the two halves

• Merge the sorted halves

• Time complexity is O(nlogn)

• Space complexity is O(n)

Joins in SQL are used to combine data from two or more tables based on a related column.

• Joins are used to retrieve data from multiple tables in a single query

• There are different types of joins such as inner join, left join, right join, and full outer join

• The join condition is specified using the ON keyword and the related columns

• Example: SELECT * FROM table1 INNER JOIN table2 ON table1.column = table2.column

Observables are data streams that can be subscribed to, allowing for asynchronous programming and handling of multiple values over time.

• Observables are part of the RxJS library in JavaScript, commonly used in Angular applications.

• They can emit multiple values over time, including errors and completion signals.

• Advantages include easier handling of asynchronous operations, better error handling, and support for operators like map, filter, and reduce.

Oops concepts in Java refer to Object-Oriented Programming principles like Inheritance, Encapsulation, Polymorphism, and Abstraction.

• Inheritance: Allows a class to inherit properties and behavior from another class.

• Encapsulation: Bundling data and methods that operate on the data into a single unit.

• Polymorphism: Ability of a method to do different things based on the object it is acting upon.

• Abstraction: Hiding the implementation details and showing only the necessary feature...read more

Java 8 introduced new features like lambda expressions, functional interfaces, streams, and default methods.

• Lambda expressions allow you to pass functions as arguments to methods.

• Functional interfaces have a single abstract method and can be used with lambda expressions.

• Streams provide a way to work with sequences of elements efficiently.

• Default methods allow interfaces to have method implementations.

• Example: Lambda expression - (a, b) -> a + b

• Example: Stream - List names = A...read more

Full implementation refers to the complete execution of a plan or project.

• Full implementation involves carrying out all planned tasks and activities.

• It includes ensuring all necessary resources are utilized effectively.

• Regular monitoring and evaluation are essential to track progress and make adjustments as needed.

I am currently working on developing a mobile application for a client in the hospitality industry.

• The application will allow users to make reservations and order food and drinks from their mobile devices.

• We are using React Native for the front-end and Node.js for the back-end.

• We are also implementing a payment gateway to allow for secure transactions.

• The client has requested that the app be available in both iOS and Android platforms.

• We are currently in the testing phase and...read more

The salary offered is 4.5 lakhs per annum.

• The salary package is 4.5 lakhs per annum.

• This amount is the annual salary for the position.

• It is important to consider other benefits and perks along with the salary.

Microsoft offers a range of code technologies for developers.

• Microsoft Visual Studio is a popular integrated development environment (IDE) for building applications.

• Microsoft .NET Framework is a software framework for building Windows applications.

• Microsoft Azure provides cloud-based services for building, deploying, and managing applications.

• Microsoft SQL Server is a relational database management system for storing and retrieving data.

• Microsoft Power Platform is a low-code ...read more

Redux is a state management library for React applications.

• Redux helps manage the state of your application in a predictable way

• It provides a centralized store to hold the entire state of your application

• Actions are dispatched to update the state in the store

• Reducers specify how the state should change in response to actions

An example of a LINQ query

• LINQ is a query language for querying data in .NET

• It provides a concise and expressive syntax for querying collections

• LINQ queries can be written using query syntax or method syntax

• LINQ queries can be used to filter, sort, and transform data

• Example: var result = from num in numbers where num % 2 == 0 select num;

An example of a Lambda query

• Lambda queries are used in functional programming to perform operations on collections of data

• They are concise and expressive

• Lambda queries can be used to filter, transform, and aggregate data

• Example: filtering a list of numbers to get only the even ones: numbers.filter(n -> n % 2 == 0)

Java is object-oriented

• Java is object-oriented because it supports the principles of encapsulation, inheritance, and polymorphism

• Classes and objects are fundamental concepts in Java programming

• Example: defining a class 'Car' with properties like 'make', 'model', and methods like 'drive', 'stop'

Pricing procedure involves determining the cost of goods or services based on various factors such as production costs, competition, and market demand.

• Consider production costs, including materials, labor, and overhead expenses

• Analyze competition to determine pricing strategy, such as undercutting or premium pricing

• Take into account market demand and consumer willingness to pay

• Adjust pricing based on factors like seasonality, promotions, and discounts

My expectation is to contribute positively to the team, learn and grow in my role, and exceed performance goals.

• I expect to receive clear guidance and feedback from my supervisor.

• I hope to collaborate effectively with my colleagues and contribute to team projects.

• I aim to continuously improve my skills and knowledge through training and development opportunities.

• I strive to meet or exceed performance targets set by the company.

CI/CD stands for Continuous Integration/Continuous Deployment. It is a software development practice where code changes are automatically built, tested, and deployed.

• CI/CD helps in automating the process of integrating code changes into a shared repository and deploying them to production.

• Continuous Integration involves frequently merging code changes into a shared repository and running automated tests to detect integration errors early.

• Continuous Deployment automates the de...read more

Program in C to print array of strings

• Declare an array of strings

• Initialize the array with strings

• Use a loop to print each string in the array