Capgemini Engineering Software Engineer Interview Questions, Process, and Tips

Round duration - 60 minutes
Round difficulty - Easy

Technical Interview round with questions on Programming and OOPS.

Q1. 
String to Pascal Case Conversion
Given a string STR, the goal is to remove all spaces from the string and convert it to Pascal case. In Pascal case, there are no spaces between words, and each word begins...read more
Ans. 
Convert a string to Pascal case by removing spaces and capitalizing each word.
• Remove spaces from the input string

• Capitalize the first letter of each word

• Combine the words to form the Pascal case string
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Q2. 
Remove All Occurrences of a Character from a String
Given a string str and a character 'X', write a function to remove all occurrences of 'X' from the given string.
If the character 'X' doesn't exist in ...read more
Ans. 
Create a function to remove all occurrences of a given character from a string.
• Iterate through the string character by character and build a new string excluding the specified character.

• Use a StringBuilder or similar data structure for efficient string manipulation.

• Handle the case where the specified character does not exist in the input string.

• Return the updated string after removing all occurrences of the specified c
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Q3. What are the types of polymorphism in Object-Oriented Programming?
Ans. 
Types of polymorphism in OOP include compile-time polymorphism (method overloading) and runtime polymorphism (method overriding).
• Compile-time polymorphism is achieved through method overloading, where multiple methods have the same name but different parameters.

• Runtime polymorphism is achieved through method overriding, where a subclass provides a specific implementation of a method that is already defined in its super...read more
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Q4. What is a virtual function?
Ans. 
A virtual function is a function in a base class that is declared using the keyword 'virtual' and can be overridden by a function in a derived class.
• Virtual functions allow for dynamic polymorphism in C++

• They are used in inheritance to achieve runtime polymorphism

• Example: virtual void display() = 0; // pure virtual function
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Q5. What is data abstraction?
Ans. 
Data abstraction is the process of hiding the implementation details of data and only showing the necessary information to the user.
• It allows users to interact with data without needing to know the underlying complexities.

• Helps in reducing complexity and improving code readability.

• Examples include classes in object-oriented programming where private data members are hidden from outside access.
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Round duration - 60 minutes
Round difficulty - Easy

Technical Interview round with questions on OS, Networking and OOPS.

Q1. What is paging in operating systems?
Ans. 
Paging in operating systems is a memory management scheme that allows the operating system to store and retrieve data from secondary storage when the physical memory (RAM) is full.
• Paging divides the physical memory into fixed-size blocks called pages.

• When a process is loaded into memory, it is divided into equal-sized blocks called pages as well.

• The operating system keeps track of the pages in memory using a page table...read more
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Q2. What is mutual exclusion?
Ans. 
Mutual exclusion is a concept in computer science where only one process can access a resource at a time.
• Prevents multiple processes from accessing a shared resource simultaneously

• Achieved through the use of locks, semaphores, or other synchronization mechanisms

• Ensures data consistency and prevents race conditions

• Example: Using a mutex to protect a critical section of code in a multi-threaded application
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Q3. Can you explain the different OSI layers?
Ans. 
The OSI (Open Systems Interconnection) model is a conceptual framework that standardizes the functions of a telecommunication or computing system into seven distinct layers.
• Physical Layer: Deals with physical connections and transmission of raw data. Example: Ethernet cables.

• Data Link Layer: Manages data transfer between devices on the same network. Example: MAC addresses.

• Network Layer: Handles routing and forwarding o...read more
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Round duration - 45 minutes
Round difficulty - Easy

Technical round with questions on Programming and core Java concepts.

Q1. 
Linked List Cycle Detection
Determine if a given singly linked list of integers forms a cycle.
Explanation:
A cycle in a linked list occurs when a node's next reference points back to a previous node in...read more
Ans. 
Detect if a singly linked list forms a cycle by checking if a node's next reference points back to a previous node.
• Use two pointers, one moving at double the speed of the other, to detect a cycle in the linked list.

• If the fast pointer catches up to the slow pointer, there is a cycle.

• Keep track of visited nodes to detect a cycle efficiently.
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Q2. 
Delete Nth Node from End in a Linked List
Given a singly linked list with integer data and an integer K, write a function to remove the K^th node from the end of the linked list.
Example:
Input:
The lin...read more
Ans. 
Remove the Kth node from the end of a singly linked list.
• Use two pointers to find the Kth node from the end

• Adjust pointers to remove the Kth node

• Handle edge cases like deleting the head node or if K is out of bounds
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Q3. What are the types of access modifiers in Java?
Ans. 
There are four types of access modifiers in Java: public, private, protected, and default.
• Public: accessible from any other class.

• Private: accessible only within the same class.

• Protected: accessible within the same package and subclasses.

• Default: accessible only within the same package.
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Q4. How are Java objects stored in memory?
Ans. 
Java objects are stored in memory as references to memory locations where the actual object data is stored.
• Java objects are stored in the heap memory.

• Each object is allocated memory on the heap using the 'new' keyword.

• Object references are stored on the stack.

• Objects can be garbage collected when no longer referenced.
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Round duration - 45 minutes
Round difficulty - Easy

Technical round with questions on DSA mainly.

Q1. What are the time complexities for each sorting algorithm?
Ans. 
Time complexities for sorting algorithms vary from O(n^2) to O(n log n).
• Bubble Sort - O(n^2)

• Selection Sort - O(n^2)

• Insertion Sort - O(n^2)

• Merge Sort - O(n log n)

• Quick Sort - O(n log n)

• Heap Sort - O(n log n)
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Q2. 
Quick Sort Problem Statement
You are provided with an array of integers. The task is to sort the array in ascending order using the quick sort algorithm.
Quick sort is a divide-and-conquer algorithm. It ...read more
Ans. 
To achieve NlogN complexity in the worst case, we can implement the randomized quick sort algorithm.
• Randomly select the pivot element to reduce the chances of worst-case scenarios.

• Implement a hybrid approach like Introsort which switches to heap sort when the recursion depth exceeds a certain limit.

• Use median-of-three partitioning to select a good pivot element.

• Optimize the algorithm by choosing the right partitioning ...read more
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Q3. 
Merge Sort Problem Statement
You are given a sequence of numbers, ARR. Your task is to return a sorted sequence of ARR in non-descending order using the Merge Sort algorithm.
Explanation:
The Merge Sort...read more
Ans. 
Implement Merge Sort algorithm to sort a sequence of numbers in non-descending order.
• Understand the Merge Sort algorithm which involves dividing the array into two halves, sorting each half, and then merging them back together.

• Recursively apply the Merge Sort algorithm until the base case of having single elements in the array is reached.

• Merge the sorted halves to produce the final sorted array in non-descending order.

• ...read more
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Q4. What are the differences between a serial port and a parallel port?
Ans. 
Serial port transmits data one bit at a time, while parallel port transmits multiple bits simultaneously.
• Serial port sends data sequentially, while parallel port sends data in parallel

• Serial port uses fewer wires compared to parallel port

• Examples of serial ports include RS-232, USB, and Ethernet ports, while examples of parallel ports include printer ports
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