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Cadence Design Systems
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Locate sum of 2 numbers in a linear array (unsorted and sorted) and their complexities
For unsorted array, use nested loops to compare each element with every other element until the sum is found
For sorted array, use two pointers approach starting from the beginning and end of the array and move them towards each other until the sum is found
Complexity for unsorted array is O(n^2) and for sorted array is O(n)
Pointers are used to manipulate memory addresses and values in C++. Increment/decrement, address of and value at operators are commonly used.
Incrementing a pointer moves it to the next memory location of the same data type
Decrementing a pointer moves it to the previous memory location of the same data type
The address of operator (&) returns the memory address of a variable
The value at operator (*) returns the value sto
To determine if a point is inside or outside a rectangle, we check if the point's coordinates fall within the rectangle's boundaries.
Check if the point's x-coordinate is greater than the left edge of the rectangle
Check if the point's x-coordinate is less than the right edge of the rectangle
Check if the point's y-coordinate is greater than the top edge of the rectangle
Check if the point's y-coordinate is less than the b...
To find line that divides rectangle into 2 equal halves through a point inside it.
Find the center of the rectangle
Draw a line from the center to the given point
Extend the line to the opposite side of the rectangle
The extended line will divide the rectangle into 2 equal halves
There are multiple combinations of 8-bit and 16-bit signed numbers. How many such combinations are possible?
There are 2^8 (256) possible combinations of 8-bit signed numbers.
There are 2^16 (65,536) possible combinations of 16-bit signed numbers.
To find the total number of combinations, we can add the number of combinations of 8-bit and 16-bit signed numbers.
Therefore, the total number of possible combinations is 256 +
Find duplicates in an array of elements in 0(n) time and 0(1) space.
Use the property of inputs to your advantage
Iterate through the array and mark elements as negative
If an element is already negative, it is a duplicate
Return all the negative elements as duplicates
I am a highly motivated individual with a passion for learning and a strong work ethic.
I have a degree in computer science and have worked as a software engineer for 3 years.
I am proficient in multiple programming languages including Java, Python, and C++.
I am a quick learner and enjoy taking on new challenges.
In my free time, I enjoy hiking and playing guitar.
C++ is an extension of C with object-oriented programming features.
C++ supports classes and objects while C does not.
C++ has better support for function overloading and templates.
C++ has a standard library that includes many useful functions.
C++ allows for both procedural and object-oriented programming.
C++ is generally considered more complex than C.
It depends on the specific use case and implementation.
C and C++ have different strengths and weaknesses.
C is often used for low-level programming and system-level tasks.
C++ is often used for object-oriented programming and high-level tasks.
The performance difference between C and C++ can be negligible or significant depending on the implementation.
Optimizations and compiler settings can also affect performance.
Benchma...
I know various sorting algorithms including bubble sort, insertion sort, selection sort, merge sort, quick sort, heap sort.
Bubble sort - repeatedly swapping adjacent elements if they are in wrong order
Insertion sort - inserting each element in its proper place in a sorted subarray
Selection sort - selecting the smallest element and swapping it with the first element
Merge sort - dividing the array into two halves, sortin...
UNION in C is a data type that allows storing different data types in the same memory location.
UNION is declared using the 'union' keyword.
It can be used to save memory by sharing the same memory location for different data types.
Accessing the members of a union can be done using the dot operator or the arrow operator.
Example: union myUnion { int i; float f; };
Example: myUnion.u.i = 10; myUnion.u.f = 3.14;
Object oriented programming is a programming paradigm that uses objects to represent and manipulate data.
OOP focuses on creating reusable code through the use of classes and objects
It emphasizes encapsulation, inheritance, and polymorphism
Examples of OOP languages include Java, C++, and Python
Overloading is having multiple methods with the same name but different parameters. Overriding is having a method in a subclass with the same name and parameters as in the superclass.
Overloading is compile-time polymorphism while overriding is runtime polymorphism.
Overloading is used to provide different ways of calling the same method while overriding is used to provide a specific implementation of a method in a subcl...
Allocate a 2-D array using C/C++
Use the 'new' keyword to allocate memory dynamically
Specify the number of rows and columns in the array
Access elements using array indexing
Programs can crash due to various reasons such as memory errors, bugs, hardware issues, etc.
Memory errors such as accessing uninitialized memory, buffer overflows, etc.
Bugs in the code such as infinite loops, null pointer dereferences, etc.
Hardware issues such as power failures, overheating, etc.
External factors such as network failures, input/output errors, etc.
Tools like Valgrind can help detect memory errors and oth
A dictionary can be represented in memory as an array of strings. Worst case complexity of search is O(n).
A dictionary can be represented as an array of strings where each string contains a key-value pair separated by a delimiter.
For example, ['apple: a fruit', 'banana: a fruit', 'carrot: a vegetable']
The worst case complexity of a search in this DS is O(n) as we may need to traverse the entire array to find the desire
Our company's software is a project management tool for businesses.
Helps businesses manage projects and tasks efficiently
Allows team collaboration and communication
Tracks progress and deadlines
Generates reports and analytics
Integrates with other tools like Slack and Trello
A variable can be allocated in different segments of memory.
Global memory segment
Stack memory segment
Heap memory segment
Code memory segment
Implement an API to return the second minimum element in a stack.
Create a stack and a variable to store the second minimum element.
Whenever a new element is pushed, compare it with the current second minimum and update if necessary.
Whenever an element is popped, check if it is the current second minimum and update if necessary.
Return the second minimum element when the secondMin() API is called.
Count the number of set bits in a given number's binary representation.
Convert the number to binary representation
Iterate through each bit and count the number of set bits
Use bitwise AND operator to check if a bit is set or not
Keep incrementing the count for each set bit
Cell padding is the space between the content of a cell and its border in a table.
Cell padding can be set using CSS or HTML attributes.
It affects the appearance of the table and can improve readability.
Padding can be set for individual cells or for the entire table.
Example:
Example: td { padding: 10px; }
The height and diameter of a tree are important measurements for forestry and landscaping purposes.
Height can be measured using a clinometer or by using trigonometry and a measuring tape.
Diameter can be measured at breast height (4.5 feet above ground) using a diameter tape or by measuring circumference and dividing by pi.
These measurements are important for determining the health and growth of a tree, as well as for p...
Static binding is done at compile-time while dynamic binding is done at runtime.
Static binding is also known as early binding while dynamic binding is also known as late binding.
Static binding is faster than dynamic binding as it is done at compile-time.
Dynamic binding is more flexible than static binding as it allows for polymorphism.
An example of static binding is function overloading while an example of dynamic bind
Virtual functions in C++ use vtables to enable dynamic binding. Example code included.
Virtual functions allow polymorphism in C++
Vtables are used to maintain a list of virtual functions
Each class with virtual functions has its own vtable
Vtable entries are function pointers to the virtual functions
Example code: class Shape { virtual void draw() = 0; };
Example code: class Circle : public Shape { void draw() override { ..
Auto and volatile are storage classes in C language. Scopes of variables determine where they can be accessed.
Auto variables are declared within a block and have a local scope.
Volatile variables are used to indicate that the value of the variable may change at any time.
Global variables have a file scope and can be accessed from any function within the file.
Static variables have a local scope but retain their value betw...
References in C++ allow a variable to refer to another variable's memory address.
References are declared using the '&' symbol.
They are often used as function parameters to avoid copying large objects.
References cannot be null and cannot be reassigned to refer to a different object.
They are commonly used in operator overloading to modify the original object.
Example: int x = 5; int& y = x; y++; // x is now 6.
Example: voi...
Static function in C++ class is used to access class-level data without creating an object.
Static functions can be called using the class name and scope resolution operator (::)
They cannot access non-static data members of the class
They can be used to implement utility functions that do not require access to object-specific data
Static functions are shared among all objects of the class
Find subarray with highest sum in an array of numbers.
Use Kadane's algorithm to find maximum subarray sum
Initialize max_so_far and max_ending_here to 0
Iterate through the array and update max_ending_here and max_so_far
Return the subarray with highest sum
Example: [-2, 1, -3, 4, -1, 2, 1, -5, 4] => [4, -1, 2, 1]
I was interviewed in Feb 2017.
Class container is a class that holds objects of other classes, while class composition is a way to combine multiple classes to create a new class.
Class container holds objects of other classes, acting as a collection or container.
Class composition combines multiple classes to create a new class with its own behavior and attributes.
In class container, the objects are typically stored in a data structure like an array o...
C++ is a general-purpose programming language while Objective C is a superset of C used for iOS and macOS development.
C++ is widely used for developing applications, games, and system software.
Objective C is primarily used for iOS and macOS development.
C++ supports both procedural and object-oriented programming paradigms.
Objective C is an object-oriented language with dynamic runtime features.
C++ has a larger standard...
malloc is a function used in C programming to dynamically allocate memory. It is used in low-level programming and is different from new.
malloc is used to allocate memory on the heap in C programming.
It is used when the size of memory needed is not known at compile time.
malloc returns a void pointer to the allocated memory block.
Example: int* ptr = (int*) malloc(5 * sizeof(int));
new is used in C++ programming to dynami...
The width of a tree refers to the maximum number of nodes at any level in the tree.
The width of a tree can be determined by traversing the tree level by level and counting the maximum number of nodes at any level.
The width of a tree can also be calculated using breadth-first search (BFS) algorithm.
The width of a tree is not related to the height or depth of the tree.
The width of a tree can be calculated by finding the maximum number of nodes at any level.
Traverse the tree level by level using breadth-first search
Keep track of the maximum number of nodes at any level
Return the maximum number of nodes as the width of the tree
Seeking new challenges and growth opportunities in a more innovative environment.
Looking for new challenges to continue learning and growing
Interested in working in a more innovative and dynamic environment
Seeking opportunities for career advancement and skill development
Developing a real-time data processing system for a high-traffic website.
Designed and implemented a scalable architecture using microservices to handle large volumes of data.
Optimized algorithms for efficient data processing and reduced latency.
Resolved issues related to data consistency and synchronization across multiple servers.
Collaborated with cross-functional teams to troubleshoot and fine-tune system performance...
Divide the horses into groups of 5 and race them. Take the top 2 from each race and race them again. Finally, race the top 2 horses to determine the top 3.
Divide the horses into 3 groups of 5 and race them.
Take the top 2 horses from each race and race them again.
Finally, race the top 2 horses to determine the top 3.
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