50+ Software Tester Interview Questions and Answers for Freshers

Software testing is the process of evaluating a software application to find defects and ensure it meets requirements.

• SDLC (Software Development Life Cycle) is the process of developing software, while STLC (Software Testing Life Cycle) is the process of testing software.

• Positive testing involves testing the system with valid inputs to ensure it works as expected, while negative testing involves testing the system with invalid inputs to check for error handling.

• Regression tes...read more

Discuss with developer and provide evidence to support the defect.

• Schedule a meeting with the developer to discuss the defect.

• Provide evidence such as screenshots, logs, or test results to support the defect.

• Collaborate with the developer to understand their perspective and come to a resolution.

• If necessary, escalate the issue to a higher authority for further review.

Severity is based on impact on system functionality, priority is based on business needs.

• Severity is determined by the impact of the defect on the system functionality

• Priority is determined by the business needs and urgency of the defect

• Defects with high severity and high priority should be fixed first

• Severity levels can be categorized as critical, major, minor, and cosmetic

• Priority levels can be categorized as high, medium, and low

Testing is the process of evaluating a system or its component(s) with the intent to find whether it satisfies the specified requirements or not.

• In the absence of a senior, I would refer to the project documentation and requirements to understand the scope of testing.

• I would prioritize the testing based on criticality and risk analysis.

• I would communicate with the development team to understand the changes made and the impact on testing.

• I would use automated testing tools to ...read more

I have experience in various testing types and roles in my previous concern.

• I have experience in functional testing, regression testing, performance testing, and usability testing.

• In my previous role, I was responsible for creating test plans, executing test cases, and reporting defects.

• I have also worked on test automation using tools like Selenium and JUnit.

• I have experience in both manual and automated testing.

• In my previous concern, I was involved in testing web applicati...read more

SDLC is Software Development Life Cycle, STLC is Software Testing Life Cycle, and Bug Life Cycle is the process of a bug from discovery to resolution.

• SDLC is a process that outlines the development of software from conception to delivery.

• STLC is a process that outlines the testing of software from planning to execution.

• Bug Life Cycle is the process of a bug from discovery to resolution, including steps like reporting, reproducing, fixing, and verifying.

• SDLC and STLC are close...read more

Smoke testing is a quick and shallow test to check if the basic functionalities of the software are working. Sanity testing is a more in-depth test to check if the major functionalities are working as expected.

• Smoke testing is done to ensure that the software is stable enough for further testing.

• Sanity testing is done to ensure that the major functionalities of the software are working as expected.

• Smoke testing is a subset of regression testing.

• Sanity testing is a subset of a...read more

I will prioritize and plan my testing activities based on project deadlines and criticality.

• Assess the criticality and deadlines of each project

• Prioritize testing activities based on the assessment

• Create a testing plan for each project

• Allocate time and resources accordingly

• Communicate with project managers and stakeholders regularly

Smoke testing is a quick and shallow test to check if the basic functionalities of the software are working. Sanity testing is a more thorough test to check if the major functionalities of the software are working after a change.

• Smoke testing is done to check if the software is stable enough for further testing

• Sanity testing is done to check if the changes made to the software have not affected the major functionalities

• Smoke testing is a subset of regression testing

• Sanity tes...read more

SDLC is the process of developing software, while STLC is the process of testing software.

• SDLC (Software Development Life Cycle) is the process of developing software from conception to delivery.

• STLC (Software Testing Life Cycle) is the process of testing software to ensure its quality and functionality.

• SDLC consists of phases like requirements gathering, design, coding, testing, and deployment.

• STLC consists of phases like test planning, test design, test execution, and test ...read more

Software testing is the process of evaluating a software application or system to find defects and ensure its quality.

• Software testing is an essential part of the software development life cycle.

• It involves executing test cases to identify bugs, errors, and other issues.

• Testing helps in verifying that the software meets the specified requirements and functions as expected.

• It can be performed manually or using automated testing tools.

• Types of software testing include functiona...read more

I would test the food delivery application by checking its functionality, usability, and security.

• Test the ordering process from start to finish

• Check the accuracy of order details and delivery time

• Test the payment process and ensure it is secure

• Check the app's compatibility with different devices and operating systems

• Test the app's response time and loading speed

• Check the app's user interface and ease of use

• Test the app's error handling and recovery process

• Ensure the app comp...read more

Different test levels are stages of testing that are performed to ensure software quality.

• Unit testing - testing individual units or components of the software

• Integration testing - testing how different units or components work together

• System testing - testing the entire system as a whole

• Acceptance testing - testing to ensure the software meets the requirements and is ready for release

• Regression testing - testing to ensure that changes or updates to the software do not break ...read more

Oops concepts are used in the framework for better code organization, reusability, and maintainability.

• Encapsulation: Used to hide the internal state of objects and restrict access to it.

• Inheritance: Helps in code reusability by allowing a class to inherit properties and methods from another class.

• Polymorphism: Enables objects to be treated as instances of their parent class, allowing for flexibility in method implementation.

• Abstraction: Focuses on the essential features of a...read more

The worst app I dealt with was a budgeting app that constantly crashed and lost data.

• Frequent crashes

• Data loss issues

• Poor user interface

• Lack of customer support

• Inaccurate calculations

Types of software testing include functional, performance, security, usability, and more.

• Functional testing: verifies if the software meets functional requirements

• Performance testing: evaluates system performance under different conditions

• Security testing: checks for vulnerabilities and ensures data protection

• Usability testing: assesses user-friendliness and ease of use

• Regression testing: ensures existing functionality is not affected by changes

• Integration testing: tests the ...read more

The functions of testing are to identify defects, improve quality, and ensure the software meets requirements.

• Identify defects and errors in the software

• Improve the quality of the software

• Ensure the software meets the specified requirements

• Validate and verify the software functionality

• Reduce the risk of software failure

• Provide feedback to developers for improvement

• Ensure compliance with industry standards and regulations

Testing should stop when the testing objectives have been met or when the cost of testing outweighs the benefits.

• Stop testing when all the planned test cases have been executed and passed.

• Stop testing when the software meets the specified requirements and functions as expected.

• Stop testing when the number of defects found is below a predefined threshold.

• Stop testing when the cost of finding and fixing defects exceeds the budget for testing.

• Stop testing when the deadline for r...read more

My framework is a data-driven framework that uses Selenium for automation testing.

• Data-driven framework using Selenium

• Modular approach for easy maintenance

• Integration with CI/CD tools like Jenkins

• Supports parallel execution for faster testing

• Object-oriented programming for reusability

Automation is important for faster and efficient testing. It came to picture due to the need for faster delivery and cost-effectiveness.

• Automation helps in reducing the time and effort required for testing.

• It ensures consistency and accuracy in testing.

• It helps in detecting defects early in the development cycle.

• Automation is cost-effective in the long run.

• It enables faster delivery of software products.

• Automation can handle repetitive tasks, freeing up testers to focus on mo...read more

White Box Testing is testing the internal structure of the software while Black Box Testing is testing the functionality of the software.

• White Box Testing is also known as Clear Box Testing or Structural Testing.

• Black Box Testing is also known as Functional Testing.

• White Box Testing requires knowledge of the internal structure of the software.

• Black Box Testing does not require knowledge of the internal structure of the software.

• White Box Testing is used to test the code cover...read more

A framework is a set of guidelines, standards, and tools used to develop software applications.

• Framework provides a structure for developers to build applications

• It includes pre-written code libraries, APIs, and tools

• Frameworks can be used to speed up development time and improve code quality

• Examples of popular frameworks include React, Angular, and Django

Exploratory testing is a dynamic and simultaneous approach to testing where testers design and execute tests on-the-fly.

• It involves simultaneous learning, test design, and test execution.

• Testers use their domain knowledge and experience to explore the software and identify defects.

• It is an unscripted and ad-hoc testing technique.

• Exploratory testing is useful when requirements are unclear or changing rapidly.

• It helps uncover defects that might not be found through scripted tes...read more

Black box testing is a software testing technique that focuses on the functionality of the software without knowing its internal structure.

• Tests are performed based on the software requirements and specifications

• Testers do not have access to the source code or internal structure of the software

• Tests are designed to simulate real-world scenarios and user behavior

• The goal is to identify defects or issues in the software's functionality

• Examples include functional testing, regres...read more

Write test cases and scenarios for given requirements

• Identify all possible scenarios based on requirements

• Create test cases for positive and negative scenarios

• Include boundary test cases to ensure robust testing

• Consider edge cases and error handling scenarios

• Document test data and expected results for each test case

Test cases for login and sign up

• Verify successful login with valid credentials

• Verify error message displayed for invalid credentials

• Verify user is redirected to correct page after login

• Verify successful sign up with valid details

• Verify error message displayed for invalid details

• Verify user is redirected to correct page after sign up

RTM stands for Requirements Traceability Matrix, a document that links requirements to test cases.

• RTM is a tool used in software testing to ensure that all requirements are covered by test cases.

• It helps in tracking the progress of testing and ensures that all requirements are met.

• RTM is a two-dimensional matrix that maps requirements against test cases.

• It is used to identify any gaps in testing and helps in creating additional test cases if required.

• RTM is an important docum...read more

Use case testing is a technique to validate the system's behavior against its intended use.

• Use case testing involves identifying and testing all possible scenarios that a user may encounter while using the system.

• It helps to ensure that the system meets the user's requirements and expectations.

• Use cases are created based on user stories and are used to define the system's behavior.

• Test cases are then designed to validate each use case.

• Example: Testing an e-commerce website's ...read more

SDLC stands for Software Development Life Cycle and STLC stands for Software Testing Life Cycle.

• SDLC is a process followed by development teams to design, develop, test and deploy software.

• STLC is a process followed by testing teams to plan, design, execute and report software testing.

• SDLC includes phases like planning, analysis, design, implementation, and maintenance.

• STLC includes phases like test planning, test design, test execution, and test closure.

• Both SDLC and STLC ar...read more

Integration testing focuses on testing the interaction between different components, while regression testing ensures that previously working functionality is not affected by new changes.

• Integration testing verifies the correct functioning of integrated components or systems.

• Regression testing checks if new changes have introduced any defects or caused any previously working functionality to fail.

• Integration testing is performed after unit testing and before system testing.

• Re...read more

Java is a programming language, OOPs stands for Object-Oriented Programming, and an array is a data structure to store multiple elements of the same type.

• Java is a popular programming language known for its portability and versatility.

• OOPs is a programming paradigm that focuses on objects and classes to organize code.

• An array is a data structure that stores a fixed-size collection of elements of the same type.

• Example: String[] names = {"Alice", "Bob", "Charlie"};

The goal of testing is to ensure the quality and reliability of software by identifying defects and verifying that it meets the requirements.

• Identify defects and bugs in the software

• Verify that the software meets the specified requirements

• Ensure the quality and reliability of the software

• Improve the overall user experience

• Increase customer satisfaction

• Reduce the risk of software failures and errors

• Enhance the software's performance and efficiency

Sanity testing is a quick and shallow testing to ensure that the application is stable enough for further testing.

• It is a subset of regression testing

• It is performed after a new build or changes to the code

• It checks for major functionalities and critical features

• It is not exhaustive and does not cover all possible test cases

• It helps to save time and effort by identifying major issues early on

Regression testing is the process of testing changes made to a software application to ensure that existing functionality still works.

• It is performed after making changes to the software

• It ensures that existing functionality is not affected by the changes

• It helps to identify any new defects introduced by the changes

• It can be automated to save time and effort

• Examples include testing after bug fixes, new feature additions, and software upgrades

Smoke testing and sanity testing are types of software testing used to quickly assess the stability of a build.

• Smoke testing is a preliminary test to check if the critical functionalities of the software work without any major issues.

• Sanity testing is a subset of regression testing and focuses on testing specific areas of the software after changes have been made.

• Smoke testing is usually performed before more in-depth testing, while sanity testing is done after specific chang...read more

Smoke testing is a preliminary testing technique to check if the critical functionalities of the software are working fine.

• It is a quick and shallow testing technique

• It is performed to ensure that the build is stable enough for further testing

• It is usually performed after every build

• It helps in identifying critical defects early in the testing cycle

• Example: Testing the login functionality of a website after a new build

The purpose of the requirement phase is to gather and document the needs and expectations of stakeholders.

• Identify and understand the requirements of the software

• Define the scope and boundaries of the project

• Establish a common understanding between stakeholders

• Create a foundation for design and development

• Identify potential risks and constraints

• Serve as a reference for testing and validation

Regression sanity testing is a subset of regression testing focused on testing critical functionalities to ensure stability.

• Regression sanity testing is a quick and focused testing of critical functionalities to ensure stability after code changes.

• It is usually performed after a new build or code changes to ensure that the core functionalities are working as expected.

• It helps in identifying any major issues quickly without going through the entire regression test suite.

• Regres...read more

Agile methodologies are iterative and incremental approaches to software development that prioritize flexibility and customer satisfaction.

• Agile methodologies prioritize individuals and interactions over processes and tools

• They emphasize working software over comprehensive documentation

• They encourage collaboration between developers and customers

• Examples of agile methodologies include Scrum, Kanban, and Extreme Programming (XP)

Integration testing is a type of testing where individual units are combined and tested as a group.

• It involves testing the interactions between different modules or components of a system

• It ensures that the integrated system functions correctly as a whole

• It can be done manually or with the help of automated tools

• Examples include testing the integration between a front-end and back-end system, or between different software modules

Different tests in software testing include unit testing, integration testing, system testing, and acceptance testing.

• Unit testing focuses on testing individual components or modules of the software.

• Integration testing checks if different modules work together correctly.

• System testing validates the entire system against the requirements.

• Acceptance testing ensures that the software meets the user's expectations.

• Other types of tests include regression testing, performance testi...read more

QA is the process of ensuring quality in the software development process, while QC is the process of ensuring quality in the product itself.

• QA focuses on preventing defects, while QC focuses on identifying and fixing defects.

• QA is a proactive process, while QC is a reactive process.

• QA involves activities such as reviews, inspections, and testing, while QC involves activities such as testing and debugging.

• QA is a continuous process throughout the software development life cyc...read more

Jira is a project management tool used for issue tracking, bug tracking, and agile project management.

• Jira is widely used in software development teams for tracking bugs and issues.

• It allows teams to plan, track, and release software.

• Jira supports agile methodologies like Scrum and Kanban.

• It provides customizable workflows, dashboards, and reports.

• Jira integrates with other tools like Confluence, Bitbucket, and Jenkins.

Defect life cycle is the process of identifying, reporting, fixing, retesting, and closing defects in software.

• Defect identification: Defects are identified through testing or user feedback.

• Defect reporting: Defects are reported in a defect tracking tool with details like steps to reproduce, severity, and priority.

• Defect fixing: Developers fix the reported defects based on the information provided.

• Defect retesting: Testers verify that the fixed defects are resolved and do not...read more

Test cases are scenarios or conditions used to validate the functionality of software applications.

• Test cases are designed to verify that the software meets the specified requirements.

• They include inputs, actions, and expected outcomes for each scenario.

• Examples of test cases include login with valid credentials, adding items to a shopping cart, and submitting a form with missing information.

Test cases are scenarios designed to validate the functionality of a software application.

• Testing login functionality with valid credentials

• Testing login functionality with invalid credentials

• Testing password reset functionality

• Testing search functionality with different input values

An IP address is a unique numerical label assigned to each device connected to a computer network.

• IP addresses are used to identify and locate devices on a network.

• There are two types of IP addresses: IPv4 (e.g. 192.168.1.1) and IPv6 (e.g. 2001:0db8:85a3:0000:0000:8a2e:0370:7334).

• IP addresses can be static (manually assigned) or dynamic (assigned by a DHCP server).