500+ Senior Test Engineer Interview Questions and Answers

Different types of schemas and dimensions, self join queries and functions in testing.

• Different types of schemas include star schema, snowflake schema, and fact constellation schema.

• Star schema is used for simple queries and is easy to understand.

• Snowflake schema is used for complex queries and is normalized.

• Fact constellation schema is used for complex queries and has multiple fact tables.

• Self join queries are used to join a table to itself.

• Functions are used to perform spec...read more

Selenium has different components like Selenium IDE, Selenium WebDriver, Selenium Grid, and Selenium RC.

• Selenium IDE is a record and playback tool for creating test scripts without coding.

• Selenium WebDriver is a powerful tool for automating web applications across different browsers.

• Selenium Grid is used for parallel testing across multiple machines and browsers.

• Selenium RC (Remote Control) is a deprecated tool that allows executing test scripts on different browsers.

Priority and severity are terms used in software testing to indicate the importance and impact of a defect.

• Priority refers to the order in which defects should be fixed based on their impact on the system and business requirements.

• Severity refers to the degree of impact a defect has on the system's functionality and the user's ability to use it.

• For example, a defect that causes the system to crash would have high severity, while a spelling mistake in a non-critical area would...read more

Normalization is the process of organizing data in a database to reduce redundancy and improve data integrity. Denormalization is the opposite process.

• Normalization involves breaking down a table into smaller tables and establishing relationships between them.

• Denormalization involves combining tables to improve performance by reducing the number of joins required.

• Normalization helps to prevent data inconsistencies and anomalies.

• Denormalization can improve query performance bu...read more

final is a keyword used to declare constants, finalize is a method used for cleanup operations, and finally is a block used for exception handling.

• final is a keyword in Java used to declare constants that cannot be changed, like final int x = 10;

• finalize is a method in Java used for cleanup operations before an object is garbage collected, like protected void finalize() {...}

• finally is a block in Java used for exception handling to ensure a piece of code is always executed, l...read more

Jenkins jobs can be scheduled using the Build Triggers option. The flow includes SCM polling, build, and post-build actions.

• Go to the job configuration page and select Build Triggers

• Choose the appropriate trigger option such as Poll SCM or Build periodically

• Configure the trigger settings such as the schedule or polling interval

• Add build steps and post-build actions as required

• Save the job configuration

• Jenkins will automatically trigger the job based on the configured schedule...read more

Java 8 streams are a sequence of elements that support functional-style operations.

• Streams allow for processing sequences of elements in a functional way.

• They can be created from various data sources like collections, arrays, or I/O channels.

• Common operations on streams include map, filter, reduce, and collect.

• Example: List<String> names = Arrays.asList("Alice", "Bob", "Charlie"); Stream<String> stream = names.stream();

• Example: int sum = numbers.stream().filter(n -> n % 2 == ...read more

Selenium is a tool used for automating web browsers, while Cucumber is a tool used for behavior-driven development.

• Selenium is a testing framework used for automating web browsers to perform testing on web applications.

• Cucumber is a tool that supports behavior-driven development (BDD) by allowing tests to be written in plain language.

• Selenium can be used with programming languages like Java, Python, etc., while Cucumber uses Gherkin syntax for writing test cases.

• Selenium focu...read more

Smoke testing is a preliminary test to check if the software is stable enough for further testing. Sanity testing is a subset of regression testing to check if the bugs have been fixed.

• Smoke testing is done to check if the critical functionalities of the software are working fine.

• Sanity testing is done to check if the bugs have been fixed and the software is ready for further testing.

• Smoke testing is done before sanity testing.

• Smoke testing is a high-level testing while sanit...read more

Selenium uses waits to handle dynamic web elements and improve test reliability by synchronizing test execution with page load times.

• Implicit Wait: Sets a default wait time for all elements. Example: driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);

• Explicit Wait: Waits for a specific condition to occur before proceeding. Example: WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 10); wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOf(element));

• Fluent Wait: Similar to expl...read more

Algorithm to find element in array with equal sum on both sides

• Iterate through array and calculate sum of elements on left and right side of each element

• Compare sums on both sides for each element to find the desired element

• Return the element if found, otherwise return -1

POST is used to create a new resource, while PUT is used to update an existing resource.

• POST is non-idempotent, meaning multiple identical requests will create multiple resources.

• PUT is idempotent, meaning multiple identical requests will have the same effect as a single request.

• POST is often used for creating new records in a database.

• PUT is often used for updating existing records in a database.

Verification and validation are two important processes in software testing. Test cases are specific conditions or scenarios to test the functionality of a system. Exploratory testing involves simultaneous learning, test design, and execution.

• Verification ensures that the software meets the specifications and requirements, while validation ensures that the software meets the customer's needs.

• A test case is a set of conditions or variables under which a tester will determine w...read more

Testing applications can face challenges related to compatibility, security, performance, and user experience.

• Compatibility issues with different devices, operating systems, and browsers

• Ensuring security measures are in place to protect user data

• Performance testing to ensure the application can handle high traffic and usage

• Testing for user experience and usability to ensure the application is intuitive and easy to use

• Regression testing to ensure new updates or changes do not ...read more

Difference between find element and find elements, and how to handle dropdown and mouse actions in Selenium.

• findElement() returns the first matching element on the page, while findElements() returns a list of all matching elements

• To handle dropdowns, use the Select class and its methods like selectByVisibleText() or selectByValue()

• To handle mouse actions, use the Actions class and its methods like moveToElement() or clickAndHold()

• It's important to use explicit waits to ensure...read more

Answering questions related to Senior Test Engineer interview

• Different keywords in Gherkin include Given, When, Then, And, But

• Example script for scenario: Given I am on the login page, When I enter valid credentials, Then I should be redirected to the dashboard

• Backend testing involves testing the server-side components of an application

• Java basic questions may include concepts like OOPs, exception handling, and data structures

Incremental and full load are two methods of data extraction and loading.

• Incremental load only extracts and loads new or updated data since the last load.

• Full load extracts and loads all data every time.

• Incremental load is faster and more efficient than full load.

• Full load is useful when there are major changes in the data source.

• Example: Incremental load extracts and loads only new customer data since the last load.

• Example: Full load extracts and loads all customer data ever...read more

Collections are objects that group multiple elements into a single unit.

• Collections are used to store, retrieve, manipulate and communicate aggregate data.

• Types of collections include List, Set, Map, Queue, Stack, etc.

• Collections can be used to improve code readability, maintainability and performance.

• Example: ArrayList is a type of List collection that stores elements in an ordered sequence.

• Example: HashMap is a type of Map collection that stores key-value pairs.

• Example: Pri...read more

The interview questions cover topics related to healthcare claim adjudication, database schemas, healthcare programs, OLTP vs OLAP, DWHS, and dimension tables.

• Claim adjudication process involves reviewing and processing insurance claims to determine payment or denial.

• Star schema is a type of database schema where a central fact table is connected to multiple dimension tables, while snowflake schema normalizes dimension tables by splitting them into sub-dimensions.

• Medicare is ...read more

SQL privileges control access to database objects such as tables, views, and procedures.

• SQL privileges are permissions granted to users to perform specific actions on database objects.

• Privileges include SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE, and EXECUTE.

• Users can be granted privileges at the database, table, or column level.

• Examples: GRANT SELECT ON table_name TO user_name, REVOKE INSERT ON table_name FROM user_name.

Agile testing is important for ensuring continuous feedback, adapting to changes quickly, and delivering high-quality software.

• Agile testing allows for continuous feedback from stakeholders, leading to early detection and resolution of issues.

• It enables teams to adapt to changes quickly and efficiently, ensuring that the software meets evolving requirements.

• By incorporating testing throughout the development process, agile testing helps in delivering high-quality software in ...read more

Answering questions related to string immutability, abstraction and interface, list and set difference, equal and == difference, fastest locators, and frameworks.

• String is immutable because it cannot be changed once created

• Abstraction and interface are used to achieve abstraction in programming

• List and set differ in their ability to contain duplicate elements

• Equal compares the values of two objects while == compares their memory addresses

• XPath locators are generally faster th...read more

Sale, ecom and refund transactions can be differentiated based on their purpose and flow.

• Sale transaction is when a customer purchases a product or service at full price.

• Ecom transaction is when a customer purchases a product or service online.

• Refund transaction is when a customer returns a product or service and receives a refund.

• Sale and ecom transactions involve payment, while refund transactions involve returning the payment.

• Sale and ecom transactions are revenue-generati...read more

Upon receiving a build, I will follow a structured process to ensure thorough testing and validation.

• Review the release notes and requirements to understand the changes and features included in the build

• Create test cases based on the requirements and prioritize them based on criticality

• Execute test cases manually or using automation tools to validate the build

• Report any defects found during testing and work with developers to resolve them

• Perform regression testing to ensure e...read more

Payload is the data transmitted in an API request, while request body is a part of the payload containing the actual data being sent.

• Payload includes all data sent in an API request, such as headers, parameters, and request body

• Request body specifically refers to the part of the payload that contains the actual data being sent

• In API testing, it is important to validate both the payload and request body for accuracy

Our Automation Framework is organized in a modular and scalable way.

• We use a Page Object Model design pattern

• We have separate modules for test data, test scripts, and test reports

• We use a central configuration file for easy maintenance

• We have a library of reusable functions

• We use version control to manage changes

• We have a clear naming convention for easy identification

Resolve merge conflicts in git by using git commands and tools.

• Use 'git status' to identify conflicted files

• Open conflicted file(s) in text editor and resolve conflicts manually

• Use 'git add' to stage resolved files

• Commit changes using 'git commit'

• Use 'git merge --abort' to abort merge if needed