UBS Quantitative Researcher Interview Questions and Answers

Q1. Finance, probability
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Dataset and goal of the assignment was shared. Python coding and explanation in ML was expected.

Q1. Fixed income fundamentals
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Q2. Previous job functions
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Q1. Previous job functions
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Q2. Role in decision making
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Quantitative analysts play a crucial role in decision making by providing data-driven insights and recommendations.
• Utilize statistical models to analyze data and identify trends

• Develop quantitative strategies to optimize decision making processes

• Collaborate with stakeholders to understand business objectives and provide relevant analysis

• Present findings and recommendations to support informed decision making
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Q1. Difference VaR and ES
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VaR measures the maximum potential loss within a confidence level, while ES measures the expected loss beyond VaR.
• VaR stands for Value at Risk and measures the maximum potential loss within a specified confidence level.

• ES stands for Expected Shortfall and measures the expected loss beyond the VaR.

• VaR is a single point estimate, while ES provides a more comprehensive view of tail risk.

• ES is considered more conservative ...read more
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Q2. List array difference
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List the difference between two arrays of strings
• Loop through each element in the first array and check if it exists in the second array

• If an element is not found in the second array, add it to the difference array

• Repeat the process for the second array to find elements in the first array that are not in the second array
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Q3. Arch and garch models
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Q1. 1) What is attention mechanism (since it was mentionned in my resume) 2) What is the sde of the Heston model? 3) What is implied volatility? 4) What is PCA (machine learning question)? 5) How matrices are...read more
Ans. 
Answers to various quantitative research questions
• Attention mechanism is a key component in deep learning models that allows the model to focus on specific parts of the input sequence.

• SDE stands for Stochastic Differential Equation in the context of the Heston model used in quantitative finance.

• Implied volatility is the market's expectation of future volatility implied by the prices of options.

• PCA (Principal Component ...read more
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3 sections consisting maths, prob stats and CS fundamentals

2 easy to medium-level coding questions

Q1. Draw graph of x+(1/x)
Ans. 
Graph of x+(1/x) is a hyperbola with two branches.
• The graph consists of two branches, one in the first quadrant and one in the third quadrant.

• As x approaches positive or negative infinity, the graph approaches the x-axis.

• The graph has a vertical asymptote at x=0.

• The minimum value of the function is 2 when x=1 or x=-1.
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Q2. Questions from the book xinfingzhou
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Q1. 3 coding questions on greedy algorithm
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Q2. 2 coding questions on dynamic programming
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Q1. Questions revolving quantitative finance on bonds, options and black scholes
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Q1. Typical straight forward HR questions
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