20+ Interview Questions and Answers

Different types of exceptions include checked, unchecked, runtime, and custom exceptions.

• Checked exceptions are checked at compile time and must be handled using try-catch or throws keyword.

• Unchecked exceptions are not checked at compile time and can be handled using try-catch or left unhandled.

• Runtime exceptions are unchecked exceptions that occur at runtime, such as NullPointerException or ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException.

• Custom exceptions are user-defined exceptions that ext...read more

Challenges in automation include complex test scenarios, maintenance of scripts, and compatibility issues.

• Complex test scenarios require thorough planning and execution.

• Maintenance of scripts is essential to keep them up-to-date with application changes.

• Compatibility issues arise when automation tools do not support all technologies used in the application.

To get elements from a drop down, I use Selenium WebDriver's Select class

• Use Select class from Selenium WebDriver to interact with drop down elements

• Identify the drop down element using its locator

• Instantiate a Select object with the drop down element

• Use Select object's methods like selectByVisibleText(), selectByValue(), selectByIndex() to choose an option

I have used various types of test automation frameworks including data-driven, keyword-driven, and behavior-driven frameworks.

• Data-driven framework: Used to separate test data from test scripts, allowing for easier maintenance and scalability. Example: TestNG with Excel or CSV files.

• Keyword-driven framework: Utilizes keywords to represent actions or operations, making test scripts more readable and reusable. Example: Robot Framework.

• Behavior-driven framework: Focuses on defin...read more

Java code to find second largest string in an array of strings

• Create an array of strings

• Sort the array in descending order based on string length

• Return the second element in the sorted array

Use window handles to switch to child window, extract text, and input in another child window

• Use getWindowHandles() to get all window handles

• Switch to child window using switchTo().window() method

• Extract text from the first child window

• Switch to another child window and input the extracted text

Population option in Neo load is used to simulate realistic user behavior by generating virtual users based on real-world user data.

• Population option allows for creating virtual users based on real-world user data

• It helps in simulating realistic user behavior and load on the application

• It can be used to generate virtual users based on demographics, location, behavior, etc.

• This option is useful for load testing applications that have a large user base

• Example: If an e-commerce ...read more

Pushing code to GitHub involves using Git commands to add, commit, and push changes to a remote repository.

• Use 'git add .' to stage all changes

• Use 'git commit -m 'Your commit message here'' to commit changes

• Use 'git push origin master' to push changes to the master branch on GitHub

To read data from Excel, use libraries like Apache POI or Openpyxl in Python.

• Use libraries like Apache POI or Openpyxl in Python to read data from Excel files

• Identify the Excel file and specify the sheet and cell from which to read data

• Use appropriate methods provided by the library to extract data from the specified cell or range

I use a combination of tools such as Jira, TestRail, and Excel for reporting.

• Jira for tracking bugs and issues

• TestRail for test case management and execution results

• Excel for creating customized reports and data analysis

A work load model is a representation of the expected workload on a system or application.

• It helps in identifying the resources required to handle the expected workload.

• It can be used to simulate different scenarios and identify potential bottlenecks.

• It can also help in capacity planning and optimization.

• Examples include the number of users accessing a website, the amount of data processed by an application, or the frequency of transactions in a system.

A rendezvous point is a synchronization point where two or more processes or threads meet to exchange information.

• It is used in distributed systems to ensure that all processes start at the same time.

• It is also used in load testing to simulate multiple users accessing a system simultaneously.

• Examples include message queues, semaphores, and sockets.

• It helps to avoid race conditions and deadlocks.

Spike testing is a type of performance testing that involves testing the system's ability to handle sudden and extreme spikes in traffic or load.

• It is used to identify the breaking point of the system

• It involves simulating sudden and extreme spikes in traffic or load

• It helps in identifying performance bottlenecks and scalability issues

• Examples include sudden increase in user traffic, sudden increase in database queries, sudden increase in file uploads/downloads

Array list stores elements in contiguous memory locations, while linked list stores elements in nodes with pointers to the next node.

• Array list allows random access to elements based on index, while linked list requires traversal from the beginning to access elements.

• Insertions and deletions are faster in linked list as it only requires updating pointers, while in array list it may require shifting elements.

• Array list has a fixed size, while linked list can dynamically grow o...read more

Yes, constructors are non-static methods used to initialize objects of a class.

• Constructors are special methods used to initialize objects of a class.

• They are non-static, meaning they are called on an instance of the class.

• Constructors have the same name as the class and do not have a return type.

• Example: public class Test { public Test() { // constructor code } }

Select is a class in Selenium WebDriver.

• Select is used for handling dropdowns in Selenium WebDriver.

• It provides methods to select options by visible text, value, or index.

• Example: Select dropdown = new Select(driver.findElement(By.id("dropdown")));

• Example: dropdown.selectByVisibleText("Option 1");

ArrayList is a resizable array implementation, LinkedList is a doubly linked list implementation.

• ArrayList uses a dynamic array to store elements, LinkedList uses nodes with pointers to store elements.

• ArrayList provides fast random access, LinkedList provides fast insertion and deletion.

• Example: ArrayList arrList = new ArrayList(); LinkedList linkedList = new LinkedList();

Assert is used to validate the expected result while verify is used to check the actual result without stopping the execution.

• Assert is used to validate the expected result and if the assertion fails, the test is marked as failed and stops execution.

• Verify is used to check the actual result against the expected result but does not stop the execution even if the verification fails.

• Assert is commonly used for critical checkpoints in the test case while verify is used for non-cr...read more

A garbage dump is a place where waste materials are disposed of.

• It is a site where garbage is collected and stored.

• It can be a landfill or an incinerator.

• It can cause environmental pollution and health hazards.

• Recycling and proper waste management can reduce the need for garbage dumps.

Array is a fixed-size data structure while ArrayList is a dynamic-size data structure in Java.

• Array is a fixed-size data structure in Java, while ArrayList is a dynamic-size data structure.

• Arrays can hold primitive data types and objects, while ArrayList can only hold objects.

• Arrays require a specified size during initialization, while ArrayList can dynamically resize itself.

• Arrays use square brackets [] for declaration, while ArrayList uses the ArrayList class from the Java ...read more

Types of waits include implicit, explicit, and fluent waits in test automation.

• Implicit wait: Wait for a certain amount of time before throwing an exception.

• Explicit wait: Wait for a certain condition to be met before proceeding.

• Fluent wait: Wait for a condition with a defined maximum wait time and polling frequency.