Tata Steel Interview Questions, Process, and Tips

Q1. What is plc. Draw structure diagram.
Ans. 
PLC stands for Programmable Logic Controller, used in industrial automation to control machinery and processes.
• PLC is a digital computer used for automation of electromechanical processes.

• It uses a programmable memory to store instructions and specific functions.

• PLCs are commonly used in manufacturing plants, assembly lines, and other industrial settings.

• They can be programmed using ladder logic, function block diagram...read more
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Q2. What are different types of communication cable used in your industry.
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Different types of communication cables used in the electrical engineering industry include coaxial cables, twisted pair cables, and fiber optic cables.
• Coaxial cables: used for high-frequency transmission and commonly used in cable television and computer networks.

• Twisted pair cables: consists of pairs of insulated copper wires twisted together to reduce electromagnetic interference, commonly used in Ethernet networks.

• ...read more
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Q3. Difference between single mode and multimode fiber optic cable.
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Single mode fiber optic cable has a smaller core size and allows only one mode of light to propagate, while multimode fiber optic cable has a larger core size and allows multiple modes of light to propagate.
• Single mode fiber optic cable has a core size of 8-10 microns, while multimode fiber optic cable has a core size of 50-62.5 microns.

• Single mode fiber optic cable provides higher bandwidth and longer transmission dis...read more
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Q4. Types of transformer
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Types of transformers include step-up, step-down, isolation, autotransformer, and distribution transformers.
• Step-up transformer increases voltage output

• Step-down transformer decreases voltage output

• Isolation transformer provides electrical isolation between primary and secondary windings

• Autotransformer has a single winding with multiple taps for different voltage levels

• Distribution transformer is used to distribute pow
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Q5. Protection system used for transformer
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Protection system for transformers includes Buchholz relay, differential protection, overcurrent protection, and temperature monitoring.
• Buchholz relay detects internal faults like gas accumulation or oil leakage

• Differential protection compares currents entering and leaving the transformer to detect faults

• Overcurrent protection safeguards against excessive current flow

• Temperature monitoring ensures the transformer opera
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Q6. Maintenance of Transformer and motor
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Regular maintenance of transformers and motors is crucial for ensuring optimal performance and preventing breakdowns.
• Regularly inspecting for signs of wear and tear

• Checking and replacing worn out parts such as brushes and bearings

• Testing insulation resistance

• Cleaning and lubricating moving parts

• Monitoring temperature and vibration levels

• Following manufacturer's maintenance guidelines

• Keeping records of maintenance activ
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Q7. Differential protection of transformer
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Differential protection of transformer ensures that any internal fault is quickly detected and isolated to prevent damage.
• Differential protection compares the current entering and leaving the transformer windings. If there is a difference, it indicates a fault.

• The relay used for differential protection operates when the difference in current exceeds a set threshold.

• This protection scheme is effective in detecting inter...read more
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Q8. Ten delta test of transformer
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Ten delta test is a method used to determine the phase relationship between the primary and secondary windings of a transformer.
• Ten delta test involves injecting a low voltage signal into the primary winding and measuring the corresponding output in the secondary winding.

• The test helps in identifying any phase shift or angular displacement between the primary and secondary windings.

• It is important for ensuring the prop...read more
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Q1. How a flowmeter works
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A flowmeter measures the flow rate of a fluid or gas by detecting the velocity of the flow.
• Flowmeters can use various technologies such as ultrasonic, electromagnetic, thermal, or differential pressure.

• The flowmeter measures the velocity of the flow and calculates the flow rate based on the cross-sectional area of the pipe.

• Some flowmeters have a display that shows the flow rate in units such as liters per minute or cub
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Q2. What are critical process interlocks in your previous industry
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Q3. What are notifications in SAP Hana S4 in IW38?
Ans. 
Notifications in SAP Hana S4 in IW38 are alerts or messages that inform users about specific events or tasks in the system.
• Notifications in IW38 can be used to alert users about maintenance orders, work orders, or other relevant information.

• Users can set up notifications to receive alerts for specific events, such as when a maintenance order is completed or when a work order is overdue.

• Notifications can be customized b...read more
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Q4. What's polarization index in HT Motor Maintenance?
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Polarization index is a measure of insulation resistance in high tension motor maintenance.
• Polarization index is calculated by dividing the insulation resistance at 10 minutes by the insulation resistance at 1 minute.

• A high polarization index value indicates good insulation condition, while a low value may indicate insulation degradation.

• Regular testing of polarization index helps in detecting insulation issues early a...read more
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Q5. A ladder PLC logic for a specific requirement
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A ladder PLC logic for a specific requirement
• Identify the specific requirement and break it down into logical steps

• Use ladder logic symbols such as contacts, coils, and timers to create the logic

• Test the logic in a simulation environment before implementing it in a PLC

• Consider safety precautions and error handling in the logic design
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Aptitude, Basic technical test

General knowledge and emerging trends in technology

Q1. What is knee point in transformers
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