National Health Service Interview Questions and Answers

API Gateway implementation is a centralized service that routes, manages, and secures API calls.

• API Gateway acts as a single entry point for all API calls

• It can handle authentication, rate limiting, caching, and request/response transformations

• Examples include AWS API Gateway, Apigee, Kong

Circuit breaker is a design pattern used to prevent system overload by temporarily stopping requests to a failing service.

• Circuit breaker monitors requests to a service and opens when the service fails repeatedly.

• It helps prevent cascading failures and allows the system to gracefully degrade.

• Once the circuit breaker is open, it can periodically check if the service has recovered before allowing requests again.

Deadlock is a situation in which two or more processes are unable to proceed because each is waiting for the other to release a resource.

• Avoid circular wait by ensuring processes request resources in the same order.

• Prevent hold and wait by requiring processes to request all needed resources at once.

• Implement a timeout mechanism to break potential deadlocks.

• Use resource allocation graphs to detect and prevent deadlocks.

• ...read more

The equals() method is used to compare the contents of two objects for equality.

• The equals() method is a method of the Object class in Java.

• It is used to compare the contents of two objects for equality.

• The default implementation of equals() in the Object class compares memory addresses, so it is often overridden in custom classes to compare content.

• Example: String class overrides equals() method to compare the content

MongoDB was integrated in the application by using the official Java driver and configuring connection settings.

• Used the official MongoDB Java driver to interact with the database

• Configured connection settings such as host, port, database name, and authentication credentials

• Implemented CRUD operations using MongoDB Java driver methods

• Utilized MongoDB aggregation framework for complex queries

Hibernate is an open-source Java framework that simplifies the development of database interactions in Java applications.

• Hibernate is an Object-Relational Mapping (ORM) tool that maps Java objects to database tables.

• It provides a way to perform database operations using Java objects instead of writing SQL queries.

• Hibernate handles the mapping of Java classes to database tables and vice versa, as well as the generation ...read more

Runnable is a functional interface with a single run() method, while Callable is a functional interface with a single call() method.

• Runnable is used for tasks that do not return a result, while Callable is used for tasks that return a result.

• Callable can throw checked exceptions, while Runnable cannot.

• Callable returns a Future object, which can be used to retrieve the result of the computation.

• Example: Runnable - execu...read more

The Callable interface in Java returns a Future object.

• Callable interface returns a Future object which represents the result of a computation that may not be available yet.

• The Future object can be used to retrieve the result of the computation, check if it is done, or cancel the computation.

• Example: Callable<Integer> task = () -> { return 42; }

Monitor application health using metrics, logs, alerts, and performance monitoring tools.

• Use monitoring tools like Prometheus, Grafana, or New Relic to track key metrics such as CPU usage, memory usage, response times, and error rates.

• Implement logging to record important events and errors in your application. Use tools like ELK stack (Elasticsearch, Logstash, Kibana) for log analysis.

• Set up alerts to notify you of any...read more

To call an API in a Microservice architecture, use HTTP requests or messaging protocols like gRPC.

• Use HTTP requests to communicate between microservices

• Implement RESTful APIs for easy integration

• Leverage messaging protocols like gRPC for efficient communication

• Consider using service discovery mechanisms for dynamic API calls

Profiles in Java are configurations that define the capabilities of a Java platform.

• Profiles allow developers to target specific types of devices or applications.

• They help in reducing the size of the Java runtime environment by including only the necessary APIs.

• Examples include Java SE Embedded Profile for embedded devices and Java SE Compact Profile for resource-constrained environments.

OpenFeign is a declarative web service client used to simplify the process of making HTTP requests in microservices architecture.

• OpenFeign allows developers to define RESTful web services as interfaces and automatically generate the necessary implementation code.

• It integrates seamlessly with Spring Cloud and other microservices frameworks to facilitate communication between services.

• OpenFeign supports features like loa...read more

Service registry and discovery involves registering services and allowing clients to discover and connect to them.

• Implement a service registry where services can register themselves with metadata

• Use a service discovery mechanism for clients to find and connect to services

• Implement health checks to ensure services are available and healthy

• Use a load balancer to distribute traffic among multiple instances of a service

Spring Boot Actuators are built-in tools that provide insight into the running application.

• Actuators expose various endpoints to monitor and manage the application.

• They can be used to check health, metrics, environment details, and more.

• Examples include /actuator/health, /actuator/metrics, and /actuator/env.

Synchronous communication is blocking, while asynchronous communication is non-blocking.

• Synchronous communication waits for a response before continuing, while asynchronous communication does not wait.

• Examples of synchronous communication include traditional function calls, while examples of asynchronous communication include callbacks and promises.

• Synchronous communication can lead to performance issues if there are d...read more

Synchronized keyword is used in Java to control access to shared resources by multiple threads.

• Synchronized keyword can be applied to methods or code blocks to ensure only one thread can access the synchronized code at a time.

• It prevents race conditions and ensures thread safety by creating a lock on the object or class.

• Example: synchronized void myMethod() { // synchronized code block }

Excessive use of synchronized blocks and methods in Java can lead to performance issues and potential deadlocks.

• Decreased performance due to increased contention for locks

• Potential deadlocks if multiple threads are waiting for each other to release locks

• Increased complexity and difficulty in debugging and maintaining code

• Use synchronized sparingly and consider alternatives like ConcurrentHashMap or Lock interface

The number of threads needed for an application can be determined based on factors like the type of tasks, hardware resources, and performance requirements.

• Consider the type of tasks your application needs to perform - CPU-bound tasks may benefit from more threads, while I/O-bound tasks may not.

• Take into account the hardware resources available - more threads may be beneficial on a multi-core processor compared to a si...read more

Executor framework is a framework in Java that provides a way to manage and execute tasks asynchronously.

• Allows for managing thread execution in a more efficient way

• Provides a way to decouple task submission from task execution

• Supports various types of executors like ThreadPoolExecutor and ScheduledExecutorService

• Helps in handling tasks concurrently and asynchronously

BlockingQueue is an interface in Java that represents a queue which supports operations that wait for the queue to become non-empty when retrieving an element and wait for space to become available in the queue when adding an element.

• BlockingQueue is part of the java.util.concurrent package.

• It is used for implementing producer-consumer scenarios where multiple threads are involved.

• Methods like put() and take() are used...read more

Seeking new challenges and opportunities for growth.

• Desire for career advancement

• Looking for new challenges

• Seeking better work-life balance

• Company restructuring or downsizing

• Relocation to a new area

I prioritize work compatibility by aligning my skills and values with the organization's goals.

• I ensure my work style and communication methods align with the team's dynamics.

• I adapt to the company's culture and values to enhance collaboration and productivity.

• I seek feedback and make adjustments to improve my performance and fit within the organization.

• I prioritize work-life balance to maintain productivity and well-b...read more

The distance from home is a key factor to consider when evaluating a job opportunity.

• Consider the commute time and transportation options available

• Think about the impact on work-life balance and personal well-being

• Evaluate the potential cost of commuting and the convenience of the location

Key principles of industrial safety include hazard identification, risk assessment, training, and proper use of personal protective equipment.

• Hazard identification: Recognizing potential dangers in the workplace such as exposed wires or slippery floors.

• Risk assessment: Evaluating the likelihood and severity of potential hazards to determine the best course of action.

• Training: Providing employees with proper safety trai...read more

Key principles of electrical safety include proper training, equipment maintenance, hazard identification, and following safety procedures.

• Proper training on electrical systems and equipment is essential to prevent accidents.

• Regular maintenance of electrical equipment and tools helps ensure safe operation.

• Identifying potential electrical hazards such as exposed wires or overloaded circuits is crucial.

• Following safety p...read more

Fire safety measures in the industry include fire alarms, fire extinguishers, emergency exits, and regular fire drills.

• Installation of fire alarms to detect smoke or fire

• Availability of fire extinguishers at strategic locations

• Clear marking of emergency exits for quick evacuation

• Regular fire drills to educate employees on evacuation procedures

• Proper storage of flammable materials to prevent fire hazards

I possess strong verbal and written communication skills, with the ability to effectively convey information and collaborate with team members.

• Strong verbal communication skills

• Effective written communication skills

• Ability to convey information clearly and concisely

• Collaboration with team members

• Active listening skills

To change the rotation of an induction motor, swap any two of the three power supply wires.

• Swap any two of the three power supply wires to change the rotation direction of the motor.

• Ensure the motor is disconnected from the power supply before making any changes.

• Consult the motor's manual or a professional if unsure about the correct wiring configuration.

The standard voltage for control circuits is typically 24 volts.

• Standard voltage for control circuits is usually 24 volts

• Higher voltages like 120V or 240V can also be used for control circuits in some cases

• Lower voltages like 12V or 5V may be used for specific applications

A Direct-on-Line (DOL) starter is a type of motor starter that directly connects the motor to the power supply at full voltage.

• DOL starters are used for small motors that do not require soft starting or speed control.

• When the DOL starter is switched on, the motor is connected directly to the power supply at full voltage.

• This can cause a high inrush current, which may lead to voltage dips in the power supply.

• DOL starter...read more

Motor resistance can be measured using a multimeter set to the resistance or ohms setting.

• Set the multimeter to the resistance or ohms setting

• Disconnect the motor from the power source

• Connect the multimeter leads to the motor terminals

• Read the resistance value displayed on the multimeter

• Compare the measured resistance value to the motor's specifications

Experienced technical writer with a background in software development and a passion for clear and concise communication.

• Over 5 years of experience in technical writing for software products

• Proficient in creating user guides, API documentation, and release notes

• Strong background in software development, allowing for effective collaboration with engineers

• Skilled in translating complex technical concepts into easy-to-und...read more

DITA XML is a structured content standard used for creating technical documentation.

• DITA XML is a structured content standard for technical documentation

• Commonly used tags include <topic>, <title>, <body>, <section>

• Keywords are used to categorize content for easy retrieval

• DITA mapping is the process of linking topics together in a hierarchy

• Graphics and illustrations can be created and included i...read more

Agile Methodology and Scrum are popular project management frameworks used in software development.

• Agile Methodology is a flexible approach to software development that emphasizes incremental delivery, collaboration, and continuous improvement.

• Scrum is a specific Agile framework that divides work into sprints, with daily stand-up meetings and regular reviews.

• Scrum roles include Product Owner, Scrum Master, and Developm...read more

In case of conflict with SMEs, I prioritize clear communication and collaboration. I have experience working with global audiences, creating various types of documents, and estimating time needed for each project.

• In case of conflict with SMEs, I prioritize clear communication and collaboration to find a resolution that meets both our needs.

• I have worked with global audiences by adapting my writing style to suit differe...read more

I receive input through meetings and emails, DDLC is Document Development Life Cycle, SDLC is Software Development Life Cycle, I use APA and Chicago style guides, I ensure accuracy through thorough research and review.

• Receive input through meetings with subject matter experts and stakeholders

• DDLC (Document Development Life Cycle) is the process of creating, editing, and publishing documents

• SDLC (Software Development Li...read more

Design thinking is a problem-solving approach that focuses on understanding the user's needs and creating innovative solutions.

• Design thinking involves empathizing with users, defining the problem, ideating solutions, prototyping, and testing.

• Yes, I have communicated with developers to understand technical aspects and constraints of the project.

• When lacking information near a deadline, I prioritize the most critical as...read more

Yes, I have experience working with version control systems.

• I have used Git for version control in my previous roles.

• I am familiar with branching, merging, and resolving conflicts in Git.

• I have also worked with SVN (Subversion) in the past.