Dhiva Senior Software Engineer Interview Questions and Answers

Q1. Difference between ref and out
Ans. 
ref is used for passing a variable by reference, out is used for returning a variable by reference
• ref is used for passing a variable by reference, allowing the method to modify the variable

• out is used for returning a variable by reference, typically used for returning multiple values from a method

• Example: int x = 10; SomeMethod(ref x); // x can be modified inside SomeMethod

• Example: int result; SomeMethod(out result); /
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Q2. Ref needs to be initialized before passing and will change, out no need to be initialized and
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Q1. How would you design tiny url implementation?
Ans. 
Design a system to create and manage short URLs for long URLs.
• Use a database to store mappings of short URLs to long URLs.

• Generate a unique short URL for each long URL using a hashing algorithm.

• Implement a redirect service to redirect users from short URLs to long URLs.

• Consider adding expiration dates for short URLs to manage storage.

• Implement analytics to track usage of short URLs.
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Armstrong No, Prime No

Q1. What is Deadlock
Ans. 
Deadlock is a situation in which two or more processes are unable to proceed because each is waiting for the other to release a resource.
• Occurs in multitasking environments

• Caused by circular wait, hold and wait, no preemption, mutual exclusion

• Can be resolved by prevention, avoidance, detection, recovery
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Q2. Abstraction vs Encapsulation
Ans. 
Abstraction focuses on hiding unnecessary details, while encapsulation involves bundling data and methods together.
• Abstraction allows us to focus on essential details and ignore irrelevant information.

• Encapsulation helps in data hiding and protecting data integrity by restricting access to certain components.

• Abstraction is like a car dashboard showing only necessary information, while encapsulation is like a car engine...read more
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Q1. Boxing and UnBoxing
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70 mins 4 topics, 1/2 easy, 3 would be easy+, need detail orientation, 4 would be medium,

Easy case study, code review and find the bug

Q1. What design pattern you usually used?
Ans. 
I usually use the MVC (Model-View-Controller) design pattern in my projects.
• Separates the application into three main components: Model (data), View (UI), and Controller (logic)

• Promotes code reusability, modularity, and maintainability

• Examples: Laravel framework in PHP, Spring framework in Java
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Q2. What is the difference between array and arraylist
Ans. 
Array is a fixed-size data structure while ArrayList is a dynamic-size data structure in Java.
• Array is a fixed-size collection of elements of the same data type, while ArrayList is a dynamic-size collection that can grow or shrink.

• Arrays can store primitive data types and objects, while ArrayList can only store objects.

• Arrays require a specified size during initialization, while ArrayList can dynamically resize itself.

• ...read more
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Q1. Tell me about yourself
Ans. 
I am a passionate software engineer with experience in developing web applications using various technologies.
• Experienced in developing web applications using HTML, CSS, JavaScript, and frameworks like React and Angular

• Proficient in backend development with Node.js and databases like MySQL and MongoDB

• Familiar with version control systems like Git and deployment tools like Docker
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Q1. Tell me about yourself
Ans. 
I am a software engineer with 5 years of experience in developing web applications using Java, Spring Boot, and Angular.
• 5 years of experience in software development

• Proficient in Java, Spring Boot, and Angular

• Strong problem-solving skills

• Experience working in Agile development environment

• Passionate about learning new technologies
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Q1. Name Phone no , details addresss lst compnay
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