50+ QDegrees Interview Questions and Answers

Explanation of framework, OOPs concepts in framework, priority and severity, and defect lifecycle.

• Framework is a set of guidelines, coding standards, and best practices to develop software applications.

• OOPs concepts like inheritance, polymorphism, and encapsulation can be used in framework to make it more modular and reusable.

• Priority is the level of importance assigned to a defect, while severity is the impact of the defect on the system.

• Defect lifecycle includes identificat...read more

Yes, there was a mistake that led to blame game between devops and testing team.

• Miscommunication between devops and testing team regarding deployment instructions

• Lack of clarity on testing requirements leading to missed bugs

• Pressure to meet deadlines causing rushed testing and deployment

Program to repeat characters in a string based on their position

• Iterate through each character in the input string

• Repeat each character based on its position in the string

• Concatenate the repeated characters to form the output string

Screenshots can be captured in Selenium using the getScreenshotAs method.

• Use getScreenshotAs method to capture screenshots in Selenium

• Syntax: File screenshotFile = ((TakesScreenshot)driver).getScreenshotAs(OutputType.FILE);

Agile methodologies are an iterative approach to software development that prioritize customer satisfaction and collaboration.

• I practice Agile methodologies by working closely with the development team and stakeholders to prioritize tasks and deliverables.

• I participate in daily stand-up meetings to discuss progress and identify any roadblocks.

• I use tools like JIRA to track tasks and ensure that they are completed within the sprint timeline.

• I also prioritize testing throughout...read more

OOPs stands for Object-Oriented Programming. It is a programming paradigm based on the concept of objects.

• OOPs focuses on creating objects that contain data and methods to manipulate that data.

• Characteristics of OOPs include encapsulation, inheritance, polymorphism, and abstraction.

• Collection classes in OOPs are used to store and manipulate groups of objects, such as lists, sets, and maps.

I have implemented data-driven, keyword-driven, and hybrid frameworks for automation testing.

• Data-driven framework: Used to separate test data from test scripts, allowing for easy maintenance and scalability.

• Keyword-driven framework: Utilizes keywords to represent actions or operations, making test scripts more readable and reusable.

• Hybrid framework: Combines elements of data-driven and keyword-driven frameworks for flexibility and efficiency.

OOPS concepts are implemented in the framework to ensure code reusability, modularity, and maintainability.

• Encapsulation: Data hiding and restricting access to certain data members

• Inheritance: Reusing code and extending functionality from parent classes

• Polymorphism: Ability to perform different actions based on the object type

• Abstraction: Hiding complex implementation details and showing only necessary features

Program to count occurrences of specific character in a String

• Iterate through each character in the string

• Check if the character matches the specific character

• Increment a counter if there is a match

Use Selenium logic to close all windows except one.

• Get all window handles using driver.getWindowHandles()

• Iterate through each window handle and close it except for the desired window

• Switch to the desired window using driver.switchTo().window()

Program to get sum of all digits from a string

• Iterate through each character in the string

• Check if the character is a digit using Character.isDigit() method

• If it is a digit, convert it to integer and add it to a running sum

The function used in Selenium to access certified websites is 'acceptSslCerts()'.

• Use the 'acceptSslCerts()' function in Selenium to access certified websites

• This function is used to bypass SSL certificate errors while accessing secure websites

• Example: driver = new ChromeDriver(); driver.manage().acceptSslCerts();

SDLC stands for Software Development Life Cycle. It is a process used by software development teams to design, develop, and test high-quality software.

• Phases of SDLC include planning, analysis, design, implementation, testing, and maintenance.

• Each phase has its own set of activities and deliverables to ensure the successful completion of the software project.

• For example, in the planning phase, project scope and objectives are defined, while in the testing phase, the software ...read more

SDLC stands for Software Development Life Cycle. It is a process used by software development teams to design, develop, and test high-quality software.

• SDLC consists of several phases including planning, analysis, design, implementation, testing, and maintenance.

• Each phase has its own set of activities and deliverables that contribute to the overall success of the project.

• For example, in the planning phase, project scope and objectives are defined, while in the testing phase, ...read more

Selenium syntax for Explicit wait

• Use WebDriverWait class in Selenium

• Specify the maximum amount of time to wait

• Specify the frequency with which to check the condition

Smoke testing is a quick and shallow test to check if the application is stable enough for further testing. Sanity testing is a subset of regression testing to check if the bugs have been fixed and new features have been added without breaking the existing functionality.

• Smoke testing is done to check if the critical functionalities of the application are working fine after a new build or release.

• Sanity testing is done to check if the bugs reported in the previous build have b...read more

I have experience using tools like Selenium, JIRA, and HP Quality Center for test automation and management.

• Selenium for automated testing of web applications

• JIRA for test case management and issue tracking

• HP Quality Center for test planning and execution

Defect management is typically the responsibility of the Test Analyst.

• Test Analysts are responsible for identifying, reporting, tracking, and retesting defects found during testing.

• They work closely with developers, project managers, and other stakeholders to ensure defects are properly managed and resolved.

• Test Analysts use defect tracking tools like Jira, Bugzilla, or HP ALM to manage defects efficiently.

• They prioritize defects based on severity and impact on the system fun...read more

Selenium WebDriver is a popular open-source tool used for automating web browsers.

• It supports multiple programming languages like Java, Python, C#, etc.

• It allows users to interact with web elements and perform actions like clicking, typing, etc.

• It can handle complex web applications and supports parallel test execution.

• It integrates with various testing frameworks like TestNG, JUnit, etc.

• Example: driver.findElement(By.id("username")).sendKeys("testuser");

TestNG is a testing framework that uses annotations to control the test execution flow.

• TestNG annotations are used to define the flow of test cases such as @Test, @BeforeSuite, @AfterSuite, @BeforeTest, @AfterTest, @BeforeClass, @AfterClass, @BeforeMethod, @AfterMethod.

• Annotations like @Test are used to mark a method as a test method.

• Annotations like @BeforeMethod and @AfterMethod are used to run setup and teardown methods before and after each test method.

• Annotations like @B...read more

Normalization is the process of organizing data in a database to reduce redundancy and improve data integrity.

• Types of normalization include 1NF, 2NF, 3NF, BCNF, and 4NF.

• Example: 1NF ensures each column contains atomic values, 2NF eliminates partial dependencies, 3NF removes transitive dependencies, BCNF eliminates non-trivial functional dependencies, and 4NF deals with multi-valued dependencies.

Program to find duplicate characters in string

• Iterate through each character in the string

• Use a hashmap to store the count of each character

• Identify characters with count greater than 1 as duplicates

Program to reverse a string using array of characters

• Create a character array from the input string

• Use two pointers to swap characters from start and end of the array

• Repeat until the pointers meet in the middle

Selenium framework is a test automation tool that uses different keywords to interact with web elements.

• Selenium framework allows testers to write automated tests using various keywords like 'click', 'sendKeys', 'getText', etc.

• These keywords are used to perform actions on web elements such as buttons, input fields, and links.

• By using these keywords, testers can create robust and maintainable test scripts for web applications.

• Example: driver.findElement(By.id("username")).send...read more

An Ajax class in Java is used to make asynchronous HTTP requests from a web page.

• Ajax stands for Asynchronous JavaScript and XML

• It allows web pages to send and receive data from a server without reloading the entire page

• In Java, Ajax classes are typically used in conjunction with libraries like jQuery or XMLHttpRequest

Different kinds of waits in Selenium include Implicit Wait, Explicit Wait, and Fluent Wait.

• Implicit Wait: Waits for a certain amount of time before throwing a NoSuchElementException.

• Explicit Wait: Waits for a certain condition to occur before proceeding further in the code.

• Fluent Wait: Waits for a condition to occur with a defined maximum amount of time to wait before throwing an exception.

Agile Methodology is a project management approach that emphasizes flexibility, collaboration, and incremental development.

• Agile focuses on delivering small, working increments of a project rather than waiting until the entire project is complete.

• It involves close collaboration between cross-functional teams, frequent communication, and adaptability to changes.

• Key principles of Agile include customer collaboration, responding to change, and delivering working software.

• Popular...read more

Regression testing is the process of retesting a software application to ensure that new code changes have not adversely affected existing functionality.

• Regression testing is performed after code changes to verify that the existing functionality still works correctly.

• It helps in identifying any defects introduced by new code changes.

• Automated testing tools are often used to streamline the regression testing process.

• Regression testing can be time-consuming but is essential for...read more

POM stands for Page Object Model, a design pattern used in test automation to create reusable and maintainable test scripts.

• POM separates the test scripts from the page objects, making the code more organized and easier to maintain.

• Each page in the application has its own corresponding page object class, which contains the locators and methods to interact with that page.

• By using POM, changes to the UI can be easily managed by updating the page object classes without impacting...read more

A framework is a set of guidelines, tools, and best practices used to develop and test software applications.

• Framework provides a structure for organizing code and resources

• It helps in standardizing the development process

• Frameworks can be specific to a programming language or technology, such as Selenium for automated testing in Java

Day-to-day tasks involve analyzing test cases, executing tests, reporting bugs, and collaborating with team members.

• Analyze test cases to ensure they cover all requirements

• Execute tests to identify bugs and issues

• Report bugs in a detailed manner for developers to fix

• Collaborate with team members to discuss test results and improvements

Work flow explanation is the process of describing the steps involved in completing a task or project.

• Work flow explanation involves breaking down a task or project into smaller steps

• Each step is described in detail, including who is responsible for completing it and when it should be done

• Work flow explanation helps to ensure that tasks are completed efficiently and effectively

• Examples of work flow explanation include project management software, flowcharts, and written proce...read more

A static method is a method that belongs to the class itself, rather than to instances of the class.

• Static methods can be called directly on the class without needing an instance of the class.

• They are commonly used for utility functions that do not require access to instance variables.

• Static methods are declared using the 'static' keyword in the method signature.

• Example: Math.max() is a static method in the Math class that returns the maximum of two numbers.

My framework is a robust automation framework designed to efficiently test software applications.

• My framework is built using Selenium for web application testing.

• It includes reusable functions and libraries to streamline test case development.

• I have incorporated data-driven testing to easily test multiple test scenarios.

• The framework also integrates with CI/CD tools like Jenkins for continuous testing.

• I have implemented reporting features to track test results and identify is...read more

Our automation framework is a keyword-driven framework that allows for easy test case creation and maintenance.

• Keyword-driven approach for easy test case creation

• Modular design for reusability of test components

• Supports data-driven testing for multiple test data inputs

• Integration with CI/CD tools for continuous testing

• Built-in reporting for test execution results

Overriding is when a subclass provides a specific implementation for a method that is already provided by its superclass, while overloading is when a class has multiple methods with the same name but different parameters.

• Overriding involves inheritance and is used to provide a specific implementation for a method in a subclass.

• Overloading involves having multiple methods with the same name but different parameters within the same class.

• Overriding is determined at runtime base...read more

We use various collections like lists, maps, and sets in our framework for storing and manipulating data.

• We use lists to store test data or test steps

• Maps are used for key-value pairs like test data and expected results

• Sets are used for storing unique elements like test cases

Abstract is a concept or idea that is not concrete or tangible.

• Abstract refers to something that is theoretical or conceptual rather than physical.

• It is often used in programming to define classes or methods that are not meant to be instantiated or called directly.

• Examples include abstract classes in Java or abstract art in painting.

Inheritance is a concept in object-oriented programming where a class can inherit attributes and methods from another class.

• Allows for code reusability

• Enables the creation of a hierarchy of classes

• Derived class can access the properties and methods of the base class

• Types of inheritance include single, multiple, multilevel, hierarchical, and hybrid

• Example: Class Car can inherit from class Vehicle

Oops concepts in Java

• Object-oriented programming paradigm

• Encapsulation, Inheritance, Polymorphism, Abstraction

• Classes, Objects, Methods, Constructors

• Inheritance hierarchy, Superclass, Subclass

• Method overriding, Method overloading

• Interface, Abstract class

• Association, Aggregation, Composition

Loops in Java are used to repeatedly execute a block of code.

• Java provides three types of loops: for, while, and do-while.

• The for loop is used when the number of iterations is known.

• The while loop is used when the number of iterations is unknown.

• The do-while loop is similar to the while loop, but it always executes the code block at least once.

• Loops can be used to iterate over arrays or collections.

• Example: for(int i=0; i<10; i++) { ... }

Defects in software testing can be categorized into various stages such as identification, reporting, tracking, fixing, and verification.

• Identification: Finding and documenting the defect

• Reporting: Informing the relevant stakeholders about the defect

• Tracking: Monitoring the progress of defect resolution

• Fixing: Correcting the defect in the code

• Verification: Ensuring that the defect has been successfully resolved

Joins are used to combine rows from two or more tables based on a related column between them.

• Types of joins include INNER JOIN, LEFT JOIN, RIGHT JOIN, and FULL JOIN.

• INNER JOIN returns rows when there is at least one match in both tables.

• LEFT JOIN returns all rows from the left table and the matched rows from the right table.

• RIGHT JOIN returns all rows from the right table and the matched rows from the left table.

• FULL JOIN returns rows when there is a match in one of the tabl...read more

Oops concepts are the principles of Object-Oriented Programming, including inheritance, encapsulation, polymorphism, and abstraction.

• Inheritance: Allows a class to inherit properties and behavior from another class.

• Encapsulation: Bundling data and methods that operate on the data into a single unit.

• Polymorphism: Ability to present the same interface for different data types.

• Abstraction: Hiding the complex implementation details and showing only the necessary features.

Project framework is a structured approach used to plan, execute, monitor, and control a project.

• Provides a roadmap for project execution

• Defines project scope, objectives, deliverables, and timelines

• Includes tools, processes, and templates for project management

• Examples: Agile, Waterfall, Scrum

OLAP is used for analyzing multidimensional data for decision-making, while OLTP is used for transaction processing in real-time.

• OLAP stands for Online Analytical Processing, used for complex queries and data analysis.

• OLTP stands for Online Transaction Processing, used for real-time transaction processing.

• OLAP databases are optimized for read-heavy workloads, while OLTP databases are optimized for write-heavy workloads.

• OLAP databases are typically used in data warehouses for ...read more

Java code for sorting an array of strings

• Use Arrays.sort() method to sort the array of strings

• Example: String[] arr = {"banana", "apple", "orange"}; Arrays.sort(arr);

• Ensure proper import of Arrays class

A framework is a set of guidelines, libraries, and tools used to develop and structure software applications.

• Framework provides a structure for developers to build applications

• It includes pre-written code, libraries, and tools to facilitate development

• Frameworks can be specific to a programming language or technology

• Examples include Selenium for automated testing, Angular for web development

The process of testing involves planning, designing, executing, and evaluating tests to ensure software quality.

• Planning: Define test objectives, scope, and strategy.

• Designing: Create test cases and test data.

• Executing: Run tests and record results.

• Evaluating: Analyze results and report defects.

• Iterating: Repeat process to improve quality.

• Example: Testing a login feature by entering valid and invalid credentials.

The project is a software development initiative aimed at creating a new application for managing customer data.

• The project involves gathering requirements from stakeholders

• Designing the application architecture

• Developing the application using programming languages like Java

• Testing the application for bugs and issues

• Deploying the application to production environment

• Providing support and maintenance post deployment